科技英语词汇特点分析解析

1、第一节（略）第二节TechnicalandSemi-TechnicalWords科技、半科技专业术语2.1 Technicalwords科技专业术语Anordinaryreaderorlistenermayfinditdifficulttounderstandthewritingorspeechcomposedpurelyinscientificlanguage.Wordsusedintechnicallanguagepresentthefirstobstacletothosewhohavelittleornospecificknowledgeintherelatedfield.Thespec

2、ialvocabularyofESTincludestechnicalandsemi-technicalterms.2.1.1 HighlySpecializedinMeaning意义高度专业化Withrapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,newtermsareneededtodefinenewphenomenaandtoexplainnewthingsandprocesses.Oftensuitabletermshavetobeinvented.Scientistshavebeenextendingthevocabulariesoftheirsubje

3、ctsforcenturiesandeachsubjecthasitsownstoreoftermswithpreciseandnarrowmeanings.Forexample,stratosphere（同温层）,quartzoscillator（石英晶体振荡器）,seismology（地震学）,polysomic（多倍体的）,circumradius（外接圆半径）,polystyrene（聚苯乙烯）,leukocyte（白细胞）,sequoia（红杉）,etc.Youmayfindmanysuchkindofwordsinthisbook.2.1.2 TheUseofPrefixesand

4、Suffixes前缀后缀的使用ManytechnicaltermsaremadeupfromLatinorGreekrootswithprefixes（前缀）andsuffixes（后缀）.Forexample,thewordpolytetrafluoroethylene（聚四氟乙烯）ismadeupoffiveparts:poly-（前缀:多，复，聚）,tetra-（四）,fluoro-（氟），ethyl（乙基，乙烷基），andene（后缀：烯属烃，苯属烃）.Anotherexample,geoastrophysics（地球天体物理学）：geo-（地球），astro-（星，天体，宇宙），ph

5、ysics（物理学）.Therefore,knowingthemeaningofprefixesandsuffixescanhelpyouunderstandthemeaningofthewords.ThefollowingaresomeofthecommonlyusedprefixesandsuffixesinEST.1）Prefixes前缀aero-：空气，大气；气体；飞机；航空aerobiology（空气生物学，高空生物学）;aeronautics（航空学，飞行学）;aeromechanics（航空力学）astro-：星，天体；宇宙astrodynamics（天体动力学）;astroge

6、ology（天体地质学）;astronomy（天文学）anti-：反，抗，阻；治，止；防止，中和antibody（抗体）；anticancer（抗癌的）；anticorrosive防（腐）蚀（的）auto-：自动的，自动调整的；自己，本身autocontrol（自动控制）；autoignition（自燃）；auto-switch（自动开关）bio-：生命；生物；生物学的biochemistry（生物化学）；bioelectricity生物（电流）；biosphere（生物圈）cyber-：计算机的；互联网的cyberaddict（网迷）；cyberattack（黑客攻击）；cyberspace

7、（网络空间）de-：离开；去除，减少deforestation（滥伐森林）；desalter（脱盐设备）；desensitizer（脱敏药）di-：二，二倍，二重；双，联dioxide（二氧化物）；diode（二极管）；diproton（双质子）electro-：电的；导电的；电解；电子（的）electroanalysis电（解）分析；electrobiology（生物电学）；eletromagnetism（电磁，电磁学）geo-：地球；土地geodynamics（地球动力学）;geochemistry（地球化学）;geoscience（地球科学，地学）hydro-:水；氢化的hydrobio

8、logy（水生生物学）;hydrocarbon（碳氢化合物）;hydrology（水文学）infra-:在下（部）；亚，低，外infra-acoustic亚（次）声的;infrared红外线（的）;infrahuman（低于人类的动物，类人动物）.in-:非，无inactive（非活动性的）;inorganic（无机的）;instability（不稳定性）macro-大，宏观的micro-:小，微；扩大，放大microcomputer（微型计算机）;microorganism（微生物）;microscope（显微镜）mono-:单，一monochromator（单色仪）;monotreme（单

9、孔目动物）;monoxide（一氧化物）multi-:多multiprocessing（多重处理）;multipropellant（多元推进剂）;multivitamin多种维生素（的）photo-:光；光电；照相（术）photoconductor（光电导体，光敏电阻）;photochemistry（光化学）;photosynthesis（光合作用）radio-:放射，辐射；无线电；射线radiobiology（放射生物学）;radiodetection（无线电探测）;radioelement（放射性元素）semi-:半；部分的，不完全的（hemi-）semiconductor（半导体）;se

10、mifluid（半流质的）;semisphere半球（形）sub-:在.底下；从属；次要；分（支）；近（于）subcircuit（分）支电路;subcompound（亚化合物）;subsonic（亚音速的）super-:超，超级superaltitude（超高空）,superfluid超流体（的）,supersonic（超音速）tele-:远距离；电信telecontrol（遥控）;telemechanics（遥控机械学，遥控力学）;telemetry（远距离测量技术）thermo-:热thermodynamics（热力学）;thermometer（温度计，寒暑表）;thermosphere（

11、热大气层）thermostrans-:转移；超越transgene（转基因）;translunar（月球外侧的，月球轨道外的）;transplant（移植，移栽）ultra-:超，过；极端ultrasonic超声（音速）的;ultraviolet（紫外线）;ultravirus超显微（滤过性）病毒2）Suffixes后缀-fold:.倍，.重，.次，.方fivefold（五倍的，五倍地）;manifold（多样的，多方面的）-free:不.，无.duty-freeice-free（不冻的）;nuclear-freezone（无核区）;oil-free（不含油的）;static-free（不受静

12、电干扰的）-gram:图spectrogram（光谱图）;bathygram水（海）深图;electrogram（电记录图）-cide:杀灭剂；杀suicidehomicideinsecticide杀虫（药）剂;weedicide（除草剂）-meter:剂，仪，表seismometer（地震仪）;speedometer（速度计，里程计）;multimeter（万用表）-ology:.学，.论cosmology（宇宙学）;psychology（心理学）;seismology（地震学）-proof:不透.的，防.的，抗.的，耐.的airproof（不透气的）;fireproof（耐火的，不燃的）;

13、water-proof（防水的）；heatproof抗（隔、耐）热的;shockproof（防震的，防电击的）bulletproof-scope:用于观察的仪器，镜microscope（显微镜）telescope（望远镜）;spectroscope（分光镜）;radioscope（放射镜）-tight:不透的airtight（密封的，不透气的）;watertight（不透水的，防水的）-therapy治疗方法thermotherapy温热疗法hydrotherapy水疗法2.2 Semi-TechnicalWords半科技专业术语Therearemanywordswhoseuseisnotco

14、nfinedtoscientificandtechnologicalcontexts,buttheyformanessentialpartofEST.TheyincludesomewordsformedfromGreekorLatinrootslikeenergy（fromGreek）andefficiency（fromLatin）.However,mostofthemhavebeentakenfromeverydaylanguageandgivenaprecisedefinitionforscientificuse.Inotherwords,scientiststakeovertheseco

15、mmonwordsandconvertthemintotechnicaltermsbyusingtheminaspecialway.Asaresult,themeaningsofthesewordsintheirtechnicalusearelikelytodifferfromtheirnon-technicalmeanings,andtheymayhavedifferentprecisemeaningsindifferenttechnicalfields.Thustheword“reaction”mightineverydaycontextrefertoone'sreactionto

16、hearingofanaccidenthappenedtoafamilymember,whileinchemistryitmightbeusedtorefertothereactionofammoniawithcarbondioxidetoformanotherkindofsubstance;innuclearphysicsitmightrefertoanuclearchainreactionandincivilengineeringitmightrefertothereactionofabeamagainsttheweightofaloadplacedonthebeam.Therearepl

17、entyofsemi-technicalwordsinEST,andthefollowingareafewexamples:family一般意义：家，家庭；家属，亲属【动植物】科e.g.animalsofthecatfamily（猫科动物）【化学】【数学】【天文】【地质】族e.g.thehalogenfamily（卤族）;familyoffunctions（函数族）【语言】语族，语系e.g.theIndo-Europeanfamilyoflanguages（印欧语系）focus一般意义：中心，重点【物理】焦点；焦距；聚光点e.g.realfocus（实焦点）;virtualfocus（虚焦点）

18、;focuscoilaxis（聚焦线圈轴）【数学】焦点，中数【地质】震源，震中【医学】病灶；疫源点force一般意义：力，力量；力气，精力【物理】力；力的强度e.g.forcearm（力臂）;airforce（空）气动力;electromotiveforce（电动势）;componentofforce（分力）【气象】风力等级e.g.a12（th）forcetyphoon12级台风【计算机】强行置码function一般意义：功能，作用；起作用【数学】函数e.g.Purefunctionsareeasyforprogrammerstounderstand.对程序员而言纯粹的函数很容易理解。mass

19、一般意义：群众；团，块，堆，片，群【物理】物质；质量e.g.thelawofconservationofmass（质量守恒定律）;massenergy（质能）【采矿】体e.g.tabularmass（板状体，层状体）;moltenmass（熔融体）;oremass（矿体）matter一般意义：事情；问题；事态，情况【物理】物质e.g.themotionofmatter（物质运动）;solidmatter（固体）;liquidmatter（液体）【医学】物质；脓e.g.graymatter灰（白）质power一般意义：能力；力量；权利；强国【物理】动力；电力；功率e.g.horsepower（马

20、力）;powersource（电源）;powernetwork（电力网）;ratedpower（额定功率）【化学】能；能力e.g.chemicalpower（化学能）;catalyticpower（催化能力）【光学】倍率，放大率；（透镜的）焦强e.g.1000-powermicroscope（千倍显微镜）;telescopeofhighpower（高倍望远镜）【机械】力，动力e.g.brakepower（制动力）;powershaft动力（传动）轴;powergas（动力气体）【数学】乘方，幂；指数e.g.thefourthpowerofx（x的4次幕）work一般意义：工作；劳动；职业【物理

21、】功；作功e.g.availablework（可用功）;mechanicalwork（机械功）【电子】负载【机械、冶金】工件；机件e.g.workholder（工件夹具）;worklead（工件引线）【化学】（发酵产生的）泡沫ExercisesI.MatchtheprefixesinColumnAwiththewordsorwordrootsinColumnB.ThentranslatethetermsintoChinese.ColumnA1. auto-2. bio-3. thermo-4. geo-5. micro-6. radio-7. photo-8. super-9. tele-10

22、. ultra-ColumnBA.conductorB. waveC. virusD. pilotE. periodF. clockG. thermalH. operatorI. nuclearJ. therapyII.Thefollowingphrasesallcontainwordsmadeupwithprefixesandsuffixes.GuessthemeaningsofthesewordsandtranslatethephrasesintoChinese.1.adoctorengagedintheresearchofaeromedicine2. measurestopreventc

23、ybercrime3. anewtypeofdefroster4. atoypoweredbyphotocells5. acarequippedwithanautoalarm6. soundproofmaterial7. awidelyappliedpesticide8. anexperimentwithradiocarbon9. thedevelopmentoftelecommunication10. amulti-purposemachinetoolIII.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithanappropriateprefixorsuffix.1. orga

24、nicchemistryisthescientificstudyofchemicalsubstanceswhichdonotcontaincarbon.2. Thecoreofanuclearreactorishighlyactive.3. therapyisamethodoftreatingpeoplewithparticulardiseasesorinjuriesbymakingthemexerciseinwater.4. Thiskindofdrinkisrecommendedtothepatientbythedoctorbecauseitiscaffeine-.5. Thepilots

25、areguidedbyanredopticalsystemthatshowsimagesclearlyevenatnight.6. Therailwaysystemthathasasinglerail,orthetrainthattravelsalongitistechnicallycalledrail.7. dynamicsisthesciencewhichstudiesthemovementofgasesandthewaysolidbodies,suchasaircraft,movethroughthem.8. Accordingtothisreport,inthelast50yearst

26、herehasbeena33-increaseintheamountofpesticideusedinfarming.9. Oppositetothecentricmodelofthesolarsystem,Copernicussuggestedamodelinwhichthesunwascentral.10. Thiskindofmaterialisoftenusedformakingtentsbecauseitisweather;inotherwordsitdoesnotallowwindorraintogothrough.11. Thecompaniesarepouringmillion

27、sofdollarsintotechnologyresearch,especiallyforpharmaceuticalsandnewseeds.12. Sometypesofbioticareusedtopromotegrowthinfarmanimals.IV.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.1. powerstation2.fossilfuel3.sunspot4.spaceprobe5. ballbearing6.wormgear7.spaceshuttle8.treering9. centrifugalgovernor10.cardiacp

28、erformanceVI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Payattentiontotheuseofsemi-technicalwords.1. Itisobviousthatresistanceisresponsibleforheatingandlightingeffectsofmanycommonhouseholdappliances.2. Unlessthegasisconfinedinarigidcontainer,itwillexpand,asmaybeillustratedwithaheatedballoon.3. Achemi

29、calchangeisoneinwhichthestructureofparticlesischangedandanewsubstanceisformed.4. Thisrapiddevelopmentofelectricaldevicesandtheresultingindustrytookplaceduringthe19thcentury,whenthenatureofelectricitywasnotcompletelyunderstood.5. Duecaremustbetakentoensurethatthepulsesignalitselfshallshownoirregulari

30、tiesandnointerruptions.6. Itmaybesafelysaidthatmanyothermaterialsbesidesambercouldbechargedbyrubbing.第三节CompoundWordsandProperNounsinEST科技英语中的复合词与专有名词3.1.CompoundWords复合词AconsiderablenumberofwordsinESTarecompoundwords（orcompounds）,whichmaybewritteneitherasasingleword（e.g.spaceship）,ashyphenatedwords

31、（e.g.white-hot）,orasseparatewords（e.g.radarchart）.Thecompoundsareoftenusedasnounsoradjectives.3.1.1 CompoundNouns复合名词Compoundnounsareoftencomposedofthecombinationof"noun+noun","adjective+noun","preposition+noun",etc.e.g.afterburner喷气发动机的加力燃烧室，（内燃机的）排气后燃气,airscrew（空气螺旋桨）

32、,bloodstream（血流）,blueprint（蓝图）,camshaft（凸轮轴）,database/databank（数据库，资料库）,fiberglass（玻璃纤维）,flameout熄火；（喷气发动机的）停车,gearbox（齿轮箱）,greenhouse（温室）,rainfall降水（雨）,（降）雨量,shortwave（短波）,wavelength（波长）,watertable（地下水位）.3.1.2 CompoundAdjectives复合形容词Compoundadjectivesarefrequentlybasedonthecompositionof"noun+n

33、oun","adjective+noun","noun+adjective","adjective+adjective","adverb+verb","noun+verb".e.g.desk-top（台式的）,diesel-powered（用柴油驱动的）,electrically-charged（带电荷的）,fire-resistant（耐火的，耐高温的）,general-purpose（通用的）,heavy-type（重型的）,long-range（远程的，长期的）,high-spe

34、ed（高速的）,flightworthy（具备飞行条件的，适于飞行的）,solid-state（固态的）,white-hot（白热的）.3.2 TheUseofCompoundWordsinESTExpressions复合词在科技英语中的使用Compoundwordsareoftenadoptedbyspecialiststomeettheneedforbrevityandprecision.Forexample,theymayuse"high-speeddatacommunication"insteadof"thecommunicationofdataathig

35、hspeed,""advancedgasturbinegenerator"insteadof"ageneratorofadvanceddesigndrivenbygasturbines."Thefollowingaremoreexamples:Anelectrically-chargedemitterendcf.anemitterendthatischargedelectricallyadvancedinterconnectioncircuittechnologycf.advancedtechnologythatisusedtoproducet

36、hecircuitthatconnectsthecomponentshighlysophisticatedcomputer-aided-designtechniquescf.techniqueswhicharehighlysophisticatedbecausetheyusecomputerstoaidthedesigningwildlife-relatedrecreationcf.recreationactivitiesrelatedtowildlife$700million-per-yearindustrycf.theindustrythatturnsoutproductsthatarew

37、orth$700millioneveryyearbroad-leaveddeciduoustreescf.thedeciduoustreeswithbroadleavesenergy-richcompoundcf.thecompoundthatisrichinenergytemperate-zoneplantscf.theplantsthatgrowinthetemperatezoneshuman-createdcombustionbustionthatiscreatedbyhumanbeings3.3 ProperNouns专有名词Sometechnicalwordsoriginatefro

38、mpropernouns,suchasthenamesofscientistsandinventorsorthetrademarksofproducts.Someofthesewordshaveenteredpeople'slife,andarenolongerregardedaspropernouns.Forexample:ampere安（培）（源于法国物理和数学家AndreMarieAmpere之姓）Bunsenburner本生灯（源自德国化学家RobertWilhelmEberhardBunsen之姓）Dopplereffect多普勒效应（源自奥地利物理学家JohannChris

39、tianDoppler之姓）faraday法拉第（电量单位）（源自英国化学与物理学家MichaelFaraday之姓）mackintosh防水胶布；雨衣（源自苏格兰发明家CharlesRennieMackintosh之姓）Morsecode莫尔斯电码（源自美国发明家SamuelF.B.Morse之姓）newton牛顿（力的单位）（源自英国数学与物理学家IsaacNewton之姓）nylon尼龙（源自商标名）orlon奥纶（源自商标名）pasteurize用巴氏法对消毒（源于法国化学与生物学家LouisPasteur之姓）volt伏特（电压单位）（源自意大利物理学家AlessandroVolta

40、之姓）watt瓦特（功率单位）（源自苏格兰发明家JamesWatt之姓）Xerox静电复印机；静电复印术（源自商标名）Zenerdiode齐纳二极管，稳压二极管（源自美国物理学家KarlE.Zener之姓）ExercisesColumnBA.walkB.rockC.workD.stateE.widthF.retardedG.hungryH.resistantI.cooledJ.linedI. MatchtheitemsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBtoformsinglewordsorhyphenatedcompoundsandtranslatethemintoChin

41、ese.ColumnA1. heat-2. band3. stream4. bed5. power-6. space7. water-8. liquid-9. fire-10. netII. Usecompoundexpressionstoreplacetheunderlinedpartofthesentences.1. Whenpopulationdensitiesgetveryhigh,organismsoftenexhibitsymptomsofwhatiscalledshockcausedbystressordiseasesrelatedtostress.2. Theradiovalv

42、eswhichcontainedagasatverylowpressurewerereplacedlaterbythedevicesmadeofsemiconductorinsolidstate(calledtransistors)whichweremuchsmallerandhadalongerlifethangasvalves.3. Utilitycompaniesarefindingitcheaperandmoreenvironmentallysoundtofinancetheapplianceswhichcanmakeuseofenergyefficientlyratherthanbu

43、ildnewpowerplants.4. Itisestimatedthatone-thirdtoone-halfoftheworld'scurrentcroplandsarelosingthesoilwhichformsthetoplayerofgroundfasterthanitisbeingreplaced.5. AfterthecollapseoftheRomanEmpiretherewaslittleprogressincommunicationsuntilthebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,theinventionoftheengin

44、ewhichispoweredbysteamandtherealizationofthepotentialitiesintheuseofiron.6. Withouttheorqanismslivinginsoil,theearthwouldbecoveredwithsterilemineralparticlesfardifferentfromtherich,livingsoilecosystemsonwhichwedependformostofourfood.7. Whenplantcoverandsurfacelitterareremovedfromthelandbyagriculture

45、orgrazing,windliftsloosesoilparticlesandsweepthemaway;thedustwhichisbornebywindissometimestransportedfromonecontinenttoanother.8. Forthereactionthattakesplaceintheformofachaintocontinueatasteadyrate,thenumberofneutronswhichcarryonthereactionmustbecontrolled.9. Theshortagesofthewoodthatisusedasfuelca

46、uselocalpeopletocutdowntheforeststhatstabilizemountainsoils.10. Thiskindofplasticcanbeusedtoimpregnatelaminatedpapersheetsfromwhichthesurfacesresistanttoheatandscratcharemade.III. Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatewordsbasedontheexplanationsprovided.1. :atough,lightweight,elasticsyntheticpolymeroften

47、usedformakingstockings.Itisnamedafterthetrademarkoftheproduct.2. :theSI(InternationalSystem)unitofelectromotiveforcenamedafteranItalianscientist,whichisthedifferenceofpotentialthatwouldcarryoneampereofcurrentagainstoneohmresistance.3. :aprocessofpartialsterilization,especiallyoneinvolvingheattreatme

48、nt,thusmakingtheproductsafeforconsumptionandimprovingitskeepingquality.ItisnamedafteraFrenchscientist.4. :analphabetorcodeinwhichlettersarerepresentedbycombinationsoflongandshortlightorsoundsignalsnamedafteranAmericaninventor.5. :asmalladjustablegasburnerusedinlaboratoriesasasourceofheatnamedafteraG

49、ermanscientist.6. :akindofclothwaterproofedwithrubberandoriginallypatentedbyaScottishinventor.7. :anincrease(ordecrease)inthefrequencyofsound,light,orotherwavesasthesourceandobservermovetowards(orawayfrom)eachother.ItisnamedafteranAustrianscientist.8. :akindofmachineforcopyingbyxerographynamedaftert

50、hetrademarkoftheproduct.9. :theSIunitofforcenamedafteranEnglishscientist,whichisequaltotheforcethatwouldgiveamassofonekilogramanaccelerationofonemeterpersecond.10. :aunitofelectriccurrentwhichisequaltoaflowofonecoulombpersecondnamedafteraFrenchscientist.科技英语中的复数形式与缩略语第四节PluralFormsandAbbreviationsin

51、EST4.1 ThePluralForms复数形式TherearemanywordsinESTofLatinorGreekorigin.Theyoftenendin-a,-on,-um,-us,etc.Thepluralformsofthesewordsaredifferentfromtheregularforms.Forexample,thepluralformofbacteriumisbacteria,andthepluralformofbacillusisbacilli.Many,especiallythoseingeneraluse,nowonlyhavearegularform(e.

52、g.electronelectrons).Somehavealternativepluralforms(e.g.spectrumspectra/spectrums),whicharebothacceptable.ButtheLatinorGreekformismoreformal.Moreexamplesareprovidedinthefollowinglist.WordEndingSingularFormPluralForm-a(+e)alga（藻类，海藻）larva（幼虫，幼体）formula（分子式；公式）algae/algaslarvae/larvasformulae/formulas

53、-on（Ta）criterion（标准，准则）phenomenon（现象）criteria/criterionsphenomena-us（Ti）bacillus（芽抱）杆菌；病菌focus（焦点，聚焦）fungus（真菌类植物）nucleus（原子核；细胞核）radius（半径）stratus（层云）bacillifoci/focusesfungi/fungusesnuclei/nucleusesradii/radiusesstrati-um（Ta）bacterium（细菌）continuum（连续统体）medium（媒质，培养基）moratorium（暂停，禁止）spectrum（光谱，能谱

54、）stratum（地层，岩层）bacteriacontinua/continuumsmedia/mediumsmoratoria/moratoriumsspectra/spectrumsstrata/stratumsThereisuncertaintywithsomewordsastowhethertheyaresingularorplural（e.g.data）.Forexample:Thisdataiscorrect.Thesedataarecorrect.Bothsentencesareacceptable.4.2 AbbreviationsinEST缩略语缩略法是现代英语构词的主要手段

55、之一，近年来缩略词数量在不断增加。缩略词趋向于任意构词，例如某一篇论文的作者就可以仅在该文中使用的术语组成缩略词，给阅读带来一定的困难。AbbreviationsarewidelyusedinESTforthepurposeofachievingconcisenessandbrevity.AbbreviationsinESTaremainlyformedinthefollowingways.4.2.1Initials字母缩略词Initialsarethecombinationofthefirstlettersofthetechnicaltermsororganizations.Forexamp

56、le:CAD=computer-aideddesign（计算机辅助设计）CPU=centralprocessingunit（计算机）中央处理器CRO=cathode-rayoscillograph（阴极射线示波器）IBM=InternationalBusinessMachines（Corporation）（美国）国际商用机器公司RAR=radioacousticranging（无线电声测距）SRT=systemreactiontime（系统反应时间）Someinitialsareformedonthebasisofthefirstlettersofaword'sprefix,suffi

57、xandcombiningforms.Forexample:DNA=deoxyribonucleicacid（脱氧核糖核酸）EEG=electroencephalograph（脑电流示波器）ET=extraterrestrial（外星人，外星生物）PVC=polyvinylchloride（聚氯乙烯）Someinitialsmayrepresentmorethanoneterm,andthemeaningsofsuchinitialsdependonthespecificfieldsinwhichtheinitialsareused.Forexample:IC=integratedcircuit【电子】集成电路/instructioncode【计算机】指令代码/interiorcommunications【通讯】内部通信联络/ionizationchamber【物理】电离室4.2.2 Acronyms首字母拼音词Anacronymisanabbreviationconsistingofthefirstlettersofeachwordinatechnicaltermandpronouncedasaword.Someofthemhavebeenusedsowidelythattheyhavebecomepartofthelanguageandare