2019届高考英语二轮题海特训：书面表达概要写作二

1、书面表达-概要写作二1、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。Haagen-Dazs（哈根达斯雪糕 ）from Europe started in 1989 and is 5-10 times more expensive than regular ice cream.There is no real advantage.However, it adopted a unique marketing strategy, and quickly occupied the market as a top ice cream brand.Haagen-Dazs did not set u

2、p shops in ordinary supermarkets or grocery stores. Haggen-Dazs leisure fashion shops are located in busy sections of malls.The layout is carefully planned to create an elegant atmosphere, and sometimes, a flagship（旗舰）store will cost several million dollars.Compared to other ice cream brands, Haagen

3、-Dazs consumers are tightly grouped.It is understood that Haagen-Dazs seldom does television advertising.The majority of ads are highly visual impact of the print ads.In particular many advertisements target the wealthy consumers. Moreover, if the consumer spends 500 Yuan, they can become a member.

4、These members will be regularly sent advertisements by direct mail.Praise of customers is a powerful weapon for Haagen Dazs.There is always much creative ingenuity（ 独出心裁） in Haagen-Dazs advertising, so it isremembered by the pubic. Initial advertisements such as: "Delicious Haagen-Dazs, like 24

5、K gold, Kobe beef from Japan, original palm oil, mushroom trufflesand Chinese cer amics what 'ice cream' was waiting for." "love her, let her eat Haagen-Dazs" This classic advertisement attracted numerous Haagen-Dazs lovers who became regulars.Today, Haggen Dazs has about 700

6、stores in 55 countries with annual sales of more than 1 billion US dollars.Haagen-Dazs has become the world's most popular ice cream brand.In the United States, its market share is 6.1%, 1%in France, 4.6% in Japan, 4% in Singapore, and 5% in Hong Kong.Determined to win the majority of wealthy cu

7、stomers they combined positioning in the marketplace with dedicated brand goals.This is the real secret of success.2、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。In the second half of each year, many powerful stonns are born in the tropical Atlantic andCaribbean seas. Of these, only about half a dozen become the stron

8、g, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are called hurricanes, and several usually make their way to the coasts.There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and bring death to large numbers of people.The great storms that hit the coast start as soft circling winds,hundreds-even thousa

9、nds-of miles out to sea. As they travel aimlessly over water wanned by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds.（ 信风 ,又称贸易风,指的是在低空从副热带高压带吹向赤道低气压带的风。）When conditions are just right, warm, moist air flows in at the bottom of such a wind, moves upward through it and comes out at the

10、 top. In the process, the moisture in this warm air produces rain, and with it the heat is changed to energy in the form of strong winds. As the heat increases,the young hurricane begins to move in a counter-clockwise motion （ 逆时针运动）.The average life of a hunicane is only about nine days, but it con

11、tains almost more power than we can imagine. The energy in the heat released by a hurricane's rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months.Water, not wind, is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane. A typical hu

12、rricane brings 6 to 12 inch downpours, resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea-the mountains of water moving toward the low-pressure hurricane center. The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves toward shore.3、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。When

13、someone is happy, can you smell it? You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile, hearing them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug. But can you also smell their happiness? Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent （ 气味 ）, and that the exp

14、erience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports Phys. org.For the study,12 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers, and all were a

15、sked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during ihe study period.Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, apparently because previous research has shown that

16、 women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling-though its unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents.Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents - particularly their facial expressions-indicated a relationshi

17、p between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them."Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell/ said study co-author Gun Semin, a professor at Koc University in Turkey. Th

18、is is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, hut that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to cam a scent too. This matches previous research suggesting that some negative e

19、motions have a smell, hut it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.Researchers have yet to isolate（分离）exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be.Happiness perfumes, for i

20、nstance, could be invented. Scent therapies （ 香味疗法） could also bedeveloped to help people through depression or anxiety.Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also how our own emotions are potentially managed thr

21、ough our social context and the emotional states of those around us.4、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容的概要。As most children retum to school, many rich families are choosing to pull their children out of the mainstream education system altogether in favor o f having a tutor at home.“ Around 50percent of the in

22、quiries we re getting at the moment a-trerfmo,r dloanilgy home tutoring, saidSteve Spriggs, managing director of London-based private tutoring service. And, he added, the trend has grown from families asking for personal tutors to copy the classroom environment in their own homes. Many families that

23、 were making the inquiries for full-time home tutors, Spriggs said, “ were either travelling so frequently that sending their children to one school was impractical and others did not want their children to go into boarding school.Home tutoring is nothing new, and many tuition firms also offer extra

24、 tutoring services to families wanting their children to have a little extra help learning ahead of entrance exams at competitive private schools in the UK, such as Harrow, St. Pauls or Eton."We always make it clear to parents that we will only offer full-time home schooling for a year though,

25、” Spriggs explained. "Any more than a year and children startot lose out on what a school environment can give them, such as social skills and the vital interaction they need-although we try to avoid that anyway in our home tutoring with sports clubs or museum trips as part of the teaching prog

26、ram."Spriggs would not tell the salary region of tutors, but said that the costs of hiring a fulltime tutor would be more than the fees of a top boarding school, which usually charges around S54,400 a year. Some families employ two full-time tutors, one to cover humanities（ 人文学科） and theother t

27、o cover science and maths. Devising an educational plan for youngsters in these situations is not a quick process, however, Spriggs said, with a tutor being matched to the child to ensure they are compatible（能共处的）.5、读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。Advertising plays a major role in the competitive busines

28、s world. Many industries take advantage of the power of advertising to attract or to win customers away from their business competitors. The influence of advertising is so huge that it causes many people to buy things that they do not want at the start.Advertising encourages people to buy things the

29、y do not want through misleading ideas. Advertising is proven to be a successful tool to stress the features of their product to the public even though it's regarded undesirable such as cigarettes, drugs, alcohols and so on. For example,Dunhill,a cigarette company which sponsors many football te

30、ams, seems to be promoting cigarettes to the public. Without the sponsorship,the company will be less known to the public, resulting in fewer sales of cigarettes.Besides that, advertising has a large influence on the decisions made by the people in their everyday life. Many businesses use advertisin

31、g as a form of promotion to create awareness about their product in the market. For instance, in a fast food industry, the introduction of a new flavor of burger needs advertising to reach the public while the other burgers require advertising to increase sales. Children, especially, are easily infl

32、uenced by advertisements and will have the desire to dine at fast food restaurants after that. Although fast food is bad for health, it has successfully become attractive to the public through advertising.However, advertising plays a part in helping customers to compare a product in terms of price,

33、quality, reliability and so on. Without advertising, it will be very difficult for customers to judge the worthiness of a product. For example, advertisements published by various companies have given the customers the opportunity to choose wisely when buying an item. Without the power of advertisin

34、g, customers will be stuck to a brand which may not offer the best choice.6、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。With global warming and melting ice, it isn't easy being a polar bear any more. Some studies have predicted that polar bears could die out by the end of the century. The good news is not all res

35、earchers think the bears are absolutely disappearing. Scientists at the American Museum of Natural History(AMNH) have published a new paper indicating that things might not be as bad for polar bears as some scientists expect.To understand the reason for the researchers cautious optimism, we must fir

36、st understand the factors that are threatening the polar bear's existence. Polar bears consume a diet of mainly young seals. In order to hunt these seals, polar bears need to rest at the top of sea ice the same ice that is increasingly melting for most of the year thanks to climate change. In an

37、other 50 years, experts expect that the Arctic will be too warm for sea ice to form for half of the year, leaving polar bears without a reliable food source and in serious danger of starvation.As it turns out, alternative food sources for the polar bears aren't completely out of the question. Fo

38、r as long as biologists have tailed after the animals, they've seen polar bears eating animals found on land like caribou( 驯鹿 ) and snow geese as well as the snow geese s eggs.Can polar bears actually survive off these alternative food sources for long periods of time? To figure this out, resear

39、chers calculated the nutrients that a caribou and snow geese diet would provide. They found that even adult male polar bears would be able to obtain more calories than would burn in hunting these meals. Moreover,the food would provide the food necessary to avoid starvation during the summer months.U

40、nfortunately, not all polar bears have tended to seek food on land. That said, the researchers expect that necessity would push more polar bears to hunt on land to avoid starvation. They also expect that the bears could learn from their fellow bears how to hunt on land until the practice becomes sec

41、ond nature.7、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits. Studies have shown that vegetarians usually have lower levels of heart disease and a lower risk of diabetes than people who eat meat. What most people are less aware of, however, are the effects that a

42、 vegetarian diet can have on the environment.Researchers from the Union of Concerned Scientists in the US recently studied how consumer behavior affects the environment. The study showed that meat consumption is one of the main ways that humans can damage the environment, second only to the use of m

43、otor vehicle.Then, how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment? For a start, all farm animals such as cows, pigs, and sheep give off methane （沼气 ） gas by expelling （ 排出 ） wind from their bodies. One cow can produce up to 60 liters of methane each day. Methane gas is the second most

44、 common greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that it is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the atmosphere comes from farm animals.Another way that meat production affects the environmen

45、t is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef, whereas 20 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland used for crop production can produce 40,000 pounds of potatoes, 30,000 pounds of carrots, or 50,000 pound

46、s of tomatoes.Many people now see the benefits of switching to a vegetarian diet, not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian, or vegan diet. They believe a vega

47、n diet, which excludes all products from animal sources, such as cheese, eggs, and milk, can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.8、读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。Have you ever wondered about people's names? Where do they come from? What do theybright ” ; Beatricemean?Some

48、 people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means means “ one who gives happiness ” ; Donald means “ world ruler ” ; Leonard means Mas brave as a lionThe earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the nameBrook or Brooks probably lived near a broo

49、k （ 小溪 ）. Someone who was called Longstreetprobably lived on a long,paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from people s occupations. The most common occupational nameis Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the

50、 past, smithswere very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are:Carter a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors（祖先）of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in theirnative village. The Carpenter&

51、#39;s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their specialabilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with thegray hair probably became John Gray. Or

52、 the John who was very tall could call himself JohnTallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name. English-speaking people added -s or -son. The Johnsons are

53、descendants of John; the Roberts family ancestor was s Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac- or Mc- or O-. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.答案以及解析1 答案及解析：答案：Haagen-Dazs has become the most popular ice cream for its di

54、stinctive One reason is that its graceful-looking shops are often situated in busy malls. Another factor lies in its print ads with an excellent visual effect exclusively targeting consumers with great purchasing power. Besides, the creativity in the ads also creates an impressive image. In a word,

55、it's persistence in adopting aunicue marketing strategy has contributed to the brand's worldwide popularity.解析：解题思路?文章体裁:说明文?文章大意:哈根达斯是最著名的雪糕品牌,它总坐落在繁华的地方。它几乎不打电视广告,但在花 500 元成为他们的成员后,就会收到独出心裁的广告信息。独特的商业经营模式是哈根达斯成功的秘诀所在。?段落大意:1. 哈根达斯是雪糕中最著名的品牌, 因为它采用了独一无二的市场策略;2. 哈根达斯的旗舰店总坐落在大型商场的繁华的区域.它的展示总给

56、人优雅的感觉;3. 哈根达斯几乎不打电视广告,但他们的会员会经常收到哈根达斯具有视觉冲击力的广告信息。顾客的赞誉是哈根达斯宣传的有力工具;4. 各类别出心裁的广告内容;5. （第 5 6 自然段）哈根达斯在各地的销售情况以及哈根达斯成功的秘诀。简要点评该篇范文对原文理解准确,高度概括了原文的全部要点,用自己的语言替换了原文中的表达,如 : 用 distinctive 替换了原文的unique, 用 be situated 代替了原文的be located, 用 consumer'swith great purchasing power 代替原文的wealthy consumers 等。

57、有效地使用了词语间的连接成分 ,如 One reason. Another; besides; in a word 等使文章的条理和思路更加清晰,结构更加紧凑。2 答案及解析：答案：Hurricanes, born in the tropical seas, often lead to huge damage and many deaths. They start as soft winds, moving over warm water and carried westwards by the trade winds. Conditions being suitable, they will

58、 become strong winds which move in a counter-clockwise motion and carry rain.Although lasting a very short time, hurricanes can release surprising energy. The floods and powerful movement they cause are the main reasons for death and destruction.解析：解题思路?文章体裁:说明文?文章大意:该文章主要讲述了龙卷风的来源、产生过程及危害。?段落大意:1. 龙卷风的定义及主要危害地:每年下半年,龙卷风会以各种形式对一些地区造成损失伤害;2. 龙卷风由远离大陆的小型旋风产生, 然后被信风带向西大陆;3. 龙卷风的形成运动方式:小风由于潮湿温暖的空气条件而转换成强风,当温度上升时,进而逆时针旋转,形成龙卷风;4. 强调了飓风的强大能量:龙卷风虽然只持续9 天左右 ,但却带来了巨大的能量;5. 龙卷风所带来的危害主要是强降水引起的,6 到 12英尺的降水引发洪水,从而引发水位上涨。简要点评本文作者简要概述了龙卷风的来源、产生过程及危害。紧扣文章要点,并且能够娴熟地运用高级表达,如 :born in the tropical seas 过去分词短语充