《大学英语B》统考重点精讲-阅读理解

1、Passage 1There are stories about two U. S. presidents, Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, which attempt to explain the American English term OK. We dont know if either story is true, but they are both interesting.这是关于两个美国总统:安德鲁. 杰费逊和马丁. 范布郎的故事,这个故事解释了美国英语短语Ok.我们不知道这两个故事是否是真的,但是它们都很有趣.The first exp

2、lanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education. In fact, he had difficulty reading and writing. When important papers came to Jackson, he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said. If he approved of a paper, he would write all correct on it

3、. The problem was that he didnt know how to spell, so what he really wrote was ol korekt. After a while, he shortened that term to OK.第一个故事是根据杰费逊受过很少的教育的事实而来的.事实上, 杰费逊总统在阅读和写作方面都有困难.当有重要文件拿给杰费逊时,他设法读而且会让他的助手们解释.如果他同意这份文件,他会写上都正确.问题是他不知道如何拼写,因此他写的实际是ol korekt.不久,他就把它缩短为OK.The second explanation is ba

4、sed on the place where President Van Buren was born, Kinderhook, New York. Van Burens friends organized a club to help him become President. They called the club the Old Kinderhook Club, and anyone who supported Van Buren was called OK.第二个故事是关于范布郎总统的出生地纽约的Kinderhook而来的. 范布郎总统的朋友们组织了一个俱乐部来支持他竞选总统.这个俱

5、乐部叫the Old Kinderhook Club,而且每个支持范布郎总统的人都叫OK.31. The author _.这个作者不太确定故事的真实性.A. believes both of the stories B. doesnt believe a word of the storiesC. is not sure whether the stories are true D. is telling the stories just for fun32. According to the passage, President Jackson _.根据短文, 杰费逊总统不擅长阅读,写作或

6、拼写.A. couldnt draw up any documents at allB. didnt like to read important papers by himselfC. Often had his assistants sign documents for himD. wasnt good at reading, writing or spelling33. According to the first story, the term OK _.根据第一个故事,短语OK首先是由杰费逊总统使用的.A. was approved of by President Jackson B

7、. was the title of some official documentsC. was first used by President Jackson D. was an old way to spell all correct34. According to the second story, the term OK _.根据第二个故事,短语OK是用来叫支持范布郎竞选的人.A. was the short way to say Old Kinderhook ClubB. meant the place where President Van Buren was bornC. was

8、 the name of Van Burens clubD. was used to call Van Burens supporters in the election35. According to the second story, the term OK was first used _.根据第二个故事,短语OK最先用于总统选举。A. by Van Buren B. in a presidential electionC. to organize the Old Kinderhook Club D. by the members of the Old Kinderhook ClubPa

9、ssage 2Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely an urban society。 Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry (林业), and most the rest live in or around towns

10、, small and large. Here the traditional picture is changing: every small town may still be very like other small towns, and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country, but most Americans do not live in small towns any more. Half the population now lives in some thirty

11、 metropolitan areas (large cities with their suburbs) of more than a million people each-a larger proportion than in Germany or England, let alone France. The statistics (统计) of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural tra

12、vel by car to work in a nearby town each day. As the rush to live out of town continues, rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses, so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb. But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan ra

13、ther than a small town environment.尽管美国有大量的土地而且生产的事物超出现有人口的需要，它的人民现在几乎完全是城市化的社会。全国不到1/10的人从事农业和林业，而且其它大多数人都生活在城镇里或附近，不过城镇是大还是小。传统的局面正在改变：每个小镇之间仍然非常相像。典型的小镇代表了国家里被广泛认可的看法，但是大多数美国人不再居住在小城镇。现在将近一半的人口居住在大约30个大城市地区包括大城市和郊区，每个城市有100多万的人口，占德国，英国的很大一局部，更不用说法国。要小心统计城市和农村的人口因为很多住在城里的人每天开车去附近的城镇上班。由于人们都想搬出城镇，在

14、城镇范围内的农村地区正慢慢地/逐渐盖满了房子，因此很难估计一块农村用地哪天会变成郊区。但是越来越多的典型美国人都住在大都市里而不是小城镇。36. If now America has 250 million people, how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry? 如果美国有250百万人口，那么有多少人从事农业和林业？ A. About 25 million. B. More than 25 million.C. Less than 25 million. D. Less than 225 million.37. Whi

15、ch of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas? 以下哪个国家住在大都市的人口是最少的？法国A. United States. B. Germany. C. France. D. England.38. Whats the meaning of the word metropolitan in the middle of the passage?Metropolitan在文章里是什么意思？A. Of a large city with it

16、s suburbs. B. Of small and large towns.C. Of urban areas. D. Of rural areas.39. According to the passage, what can we learn about small towns in the United States?根据短文，我们可以了解关于小城镇的一些信息：A. Most small towns become gradually crowded.B. Small towns are still similar to each other.小城镇互相之间仍然很相似。C. As the

17、traditional picture is changing, towns are different.D. Small towns are turning into large cities.40. Why is it hard to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb?为什么很难估计一块农村用地哪天会变成郊区？A. Because they are the same. B. Because the rush takes place too quickly.C. Because the process is gradual.因为这个过程

18、是逐渐的。D. Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan areas.Passage 3If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give

19、 an answer to the question.如果别人问我们一年前正在做的事情,我们可能不得不说我们不记得了.但是如果我们有本笔记而且记下每天做的事情,我们就能够答复这个问题了.It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it

20、was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4, 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for th

21、ose who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write.Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people, and ofte

22、n songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings, and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call remembered history. Some of it has now been written down. It is

23、not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.历史也是如此.由于我们没有书面的纪录,许多事情都被遗忘了.有时人们确实纪录了他们国家里的重大事件,但经常

24、由于战争或火灾而没有保存下来.有时根本没有书面纪录因为那个时候那个地方的人们不知道写字。比方，我们非常了解4000年前居住在中国的人们，因为他们为后来人留下了书面纪录。但是我们对200年前生活在中非的人们几乎一无所知，因为他们还没有学会写字。当然，有时即使人们不会写字，他们也可以知道过去的事情。他们从老一辈那听过来，通常纪录重大事件的是歌曲，舞蹈和故事的形式，而且被许多代人传唱和表演。因为大多数人对讲父辈们的过去感到非常自豪。这我们可以叫做“被记住的历史，很多这样的历史已经成为书面纪录。它并不象书面的历史那么准确或有价值，因为语言在转述的过程中比抄写更容易受改变。但是假设没有书面纪录，这些流传

25、的故事还是很有帮助的。41. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage?以下哪个句子文章没有提到？A. Remembered history, compared with written history, is less reliable.B. Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human history.C. A written account of our daily activitie

26、s helps us to be able to answer many questions.D. Where there are no written records, there is no history.如果没有书面纪录，就没有历史。42. We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because _.我们对生活在200年前的中非一无所知是由于A. there was nothing worth being written down at that timeB. the people there ignored

27、 the importance of keeping a recordC. the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fireD. the people there did not know how to write当地人不会写字。43. Remembered history refers to _.“被纪录的历史是指A. history based on a persons imaginationB. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth口头转述的重

28、大事件的故事C. songs and dances about the most important events 根据重大事件改改编的歌曲和舞蹈 D. both B and C B和C44. Remembered history is regarded as valuable only when _.“被纪录的历史只有在没有书面纪录的时候才被认为是有价值。A. it is written down B. no written account is availableC. it proves to be true D. people are interested in it45. The pa

29、ssage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than wedo now if the ancient people had _.短文说明如果古代人能纪录过去发生的每件事情那么现代人就可以更多的了解古代。A. kept a written record of every past event B. not burnt their written records in warsC. told exact stories of the most important happenings D. made more

30、 songs and dancesPassage 1Dr. Harvey Gates, the noted scientist, might never have discovered the Kamron lizard (蜥蜴) in Blovia, if it had not been for a childhood accident. As a boy, he was determined to become a baseball player, but when he broke his arm in practice at the age of fourteen and was fo

31、rced to stay off the playing field for a while, he took notice of the natural world around him and liked what he saw. After he had recovered from his injury, he caught a squirrel (松鼠) and raised it as a pet. Soon he was bringing home snakes and other creatures from the woods near his school.如果不是由于儿童

32、时代的一次事故，Harvey Gates博士，著名的科学家，有可能永远也发现不了Kamron蜥蜴。在孩提时代，他决心要当棒球运发动，但是14岁，练习in practice棒球时折了手臂，被迫离开球场一段时间。他开始注意到身边的自然世界而且迷上了自然。在他复原以后，他捉到一只松鼠并把它当宠物养。很快他就经常把学校附近森林里的蛇和其它动物creature带回家。In 1962, he entered Blakeford College and majored in biology. By 1966 he had received his Bachelor (学士) of Science degre

33、e and two years later at Drysdale University, he received his Doctor of Science degree. It was while he was doing field research for his doctoral studies in South America in 1967 that he discovered and named the Kamron lizard. This animal was different from others of its kind in that it had only fou

34、r toes on its front feet. In other respects, it was similar to others of the same family. It could change its color and go for long periods without food.1962年，他进入Blakeford大学主修生物学。到1966年时，他获得了理科学士学位，两年后他获得了Drysdale大学的博士学位。也就是1967年，他在南美洲博士学习期间，他发现并命名Kamron蜥蜴。这个动物与其它种类的蜥蜴不同是因为它的前脚有四个脚趾。其它方面，它又与蜥蜴家族类似。在

35、没有食物的情况下，它可以改变体色并存活很长的时间。31. Of the four statements, which one best indicates the authors idea?下面哪一句最能表达作者的意思？A. Dr. Gates is a scientist who can always attract the public attention to his research.B. Dr. Gates is a very famous scientist, though he wanted to be a sportsman at first.Gates博士一位有名的科学家，尽

36、管他开始想成为运发动。C. Dr. Gates is a scientist who always carries a notebook with him wherever he goes.D. Dr. Gates is very popular for his determination to become a baseball player.32. In the first paragraph of the passage, the phrase in practice means .in practice的意思是：A. while doing some practical work B.

37、 while studying animalsC. while making up his mind to become a baseball player D. while playing baseball在打棒球的时候33. In the second paragraph, the word creatures can best be replaced by _A. people B. things C. animals D. living things34. It was _ that Dr. Gates discovered the Kamron lizard.在他攻读博士学位期间，G

38、ates博士发现了Kamron蜥蜴，A. after he had graduated from Drysdale UniversityB. right after he had finished his study for the doctors degreeC. after he had received his highest degreeD. during the time when he was studying for the doctors degree35. Which of the following is not mentioned as a feature of the

39、Kamron lizard?以下哪句不是Kamron蜥蜴的特征。A. It possesses four toes on its front feet.B. It can live a long while without eating.C. It may go for weeks without drinking.没有喝水可以活好几周。D. It is capable of changing colors.Passage 2I was due to take my driving test at 11:30 am. It was a rainy morning with low clouds

40、 and as I approached the driving school at 9:50 am, my heart sank. My driving instructor, Stan, said something, trying to drive away my fears, but I was not impressed.我将在早上11点半参加驾驶考试。天下着雨，当我在9点50快到驾驶学校时，我的心一沉。我的驾驶教练Stan说了些鼓励的话，设法使我放松，但无济于事。We set off for the test centre with an hour to go. I wanted

41、a run round the test circuit (圈), but we got stuck in a traffic jam, and could only drive no faster than walking.出发去考试中心还有一个小时。我想绕一下考试圈，但是我们被交通困住了，只能慢吞吞地往前开。We arrived at the test centre at 11 am. Stan made me watch a group of six learners emerging from the building with their respective (各自的) exami

42、ners. Their instructors were looking out from two windows. We watched them drive off. They must have been feeling very nervous.我们在11点到达考试中心。Stan示意我看六个学员和他们各自的考官走出大楼。他们的教练从两个窗户探出头看。我们看着他们开走。他们肯定非常紧张。Stan took me round the probable test track, pointing out the traps. The weather became even worse. It

43、seemed to make me feel worse too. I had developed a couldnt-care-less mood, and was almost calm. We returned to the test centre in time to see the six unfortunates returning. Their nerves must have been in a terrible state.Stan带我去可能的测试道，指出考官所设的机关。天气变得更糟了，我的心情似乎也更糟了。我已经无所谓了，几乎平静下来。我们及时回到测试中心，正好六个考试的人

44、回来了。他们刚刚的心情肯定糟透了。I sat in the waiting room until six examiners came in to call out our respective names. Mine showed no emotion as he asked me to go to my car. I showed none either, but the tension began mounting again.我做在等候室里直到六个考官进来叫我们的名字。当他叫我进车时，我的考官面无表情。我也面无表情，但是却又开始紧张了。36. On their way to the t

45、est center, Stan tried to comfort the author _在去考试中心的路上，Stan设法抚慰作者，但是没有起作用。A. but it made the authors heart sink deeperB. but the words produced no effectC. so that the author could drive to the center with no fears D. so that they could prepare for all the traps37. Which of the following is TRUE ac

46、cording to the passage?以下哪句时对的？A. Six learners would be tested at the same time. 六个学员同时考试。B. The learners were tested in the presence of their instructors.C. None of the six learners passed the test in the end.D. The instructors were as nervous as the learners.38. When the author was sitting in the

47、waiting room, he was quite _。当作者坐在等候室时，他相当放松。A. upset B. nervous C. frightened D. relaxed39. When it was his turn to take the test, the author went to his car with _.当轮到作者考试的时候,作者走进他的车后,越来越紧张.A. firm confidence B. mixed emotionsC. increased nervousness , D. perfect calmness40. The passage is mainly

48、about _.文章主要是关于参加驾照考试前的心情.A. the influence of bad weather upon a test takerB. the feelings of a learner before his driving testC. the preparations before a driving testD. an unforgettable dayPassage 3The resources of the library can be helpful even when we are doing something very informal, such as

49、trying to devise a better way to measure attitudes toward music or looking for a better way to teach mathematics. The library can be equally helpful when we are doing something very formal, such as writing a dissertation (学位论文) or preparing an article for publication in a professional journal. In ei

50、ther case, our goal should be to use the library as a useful tool to help us understand and solve our problem.当我们在设法方案更好的方法来测量对音乐的态度或者寻找教数学的好方法时,图书馆的资源是很有用的.当我们做正式的事情时,图书馆也很有帮助,如写学位论文或者准备在专业期刊上发表论文.无论何种情况,我们的目标是把图书馆当成有用的工具来帮助我们理解问题和解决问题.The following sections of this chapter will describe specific r

51、esources available in many libraries. In some cases you may already be aware of a resource and may use it frequently and successfully. In other cases you may be completely unfamiliar with a resource. Your goal should be to become aware of what is available and to know how to use each of these resour

52、ces to help you solve the problem they are designed to solve.本章接下来的局部将描述图书馆里可利用的具体资源。有时，你可能已经了解资源而且经常成功地使用它。有时，你可能对图书馆地资源完全不熟悉。你的目标是了解什么是可利用的和知道如何使用每一项资源，并帮助你解决问题。When educators have a piece of information that they want to share with their colleagues, they often make this information available in p

53、rofessional journals or at professional meetings. It would often be useful to have access to such information, and this chapter will describe the special services that enable us to locate such information. 当教育家想与同行分享自己的资料，他们经常会把资料刊登在专业期刊上，或在专业会议上交流。能得到这些资料是非常有用的。本章将描述能帮助我们找到这类资料的特别效劳。41. The library

54、 resources can be helpful when we _A. want to find a better way to measure attitudes toward musicB. are preparing a paper for a professional journalC. are writing a dissertation D. All of the above42. The familiarity of readers with different resources_读者对不同资源的熟悉度是因人而异的。A. is more or less the same B

55、. varies slightlyC. differs greatly D. should not be different43. The author believes that_作者认为读者应该有大量的知识而且能好好利用资源。A. library resources should be used frequently and completelyB. library resources cannot be made good use of if they are not available to usC. one is supposed to be aware of the library

56、 resources that are usually not availableD. one is supposed to have good knowledge and make good use of resources44. When educators wish to share some information with their colleagues, they often _当教育家想与同行分享自己的资料，他们经常把资料刊登在专业期刊上A. publish it in a professional journal B. attend professional meetings

57、C. get access to it in the library D. make use of some library services45. The chapter in question _这章正在被谈论的问题是介绍一些图书馆效劳。A. mainly deals with the ways of dissertation writing B. presents information on publishing papers in professional journalsC. introduces some library servicesD. describes some pro

58、fessional meetingsPassage 1We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? . When I got that great job, did Jerry really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? When we look