职称英语理工类B级考试真题与答案

1、2016年职称英语理工类b级真题及答案1 .The?revelation?ofhispastledtohisresignation.A.imaginationB.disclosureC.confirmationD.recall参考答案：B2 .Jensenisdangerousman,andcanbevery?brutal.A.carelessB.cruelC.strongD.hard参考答案：B3 .You'llhaveto?sprint?ifyouwanttocatchthetrain.A.jumpB.escapeC.runD.prepare参考答案：C4 .Weareworrie

2、daboutthis?fluid?situationfullwithuncertainty.A.changebleB.stableC.suitableD.adaptable参考答案：A5 .Thenew?garment?fitsherperfectly.A.haircutB.purseC.clothesD.necklace参考答案：C6 .Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhood?trauma.A.fearB.joyC.hurtD.memory参考答案：C7 .Theyhavebuiltcanalsto?irrigate?thedesert.A.decorateB

3、.waterC.changeD.visit参考答案：B8 .Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofa?toddler.A.disabledB.pupilC.teenagerD.baby参考答案：D9 .Thecoastalareahasvery?mild?winter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.A.warmB.severeC.hardD.dry参考答案：A10 .Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotally?authentic.A.realB.outstandingC.cre

4、ativeD.false参考答案：A11 .Weareawareofthe?potential?problems.A.globalB.possibleC.ongoingD.central参考答案：B12 .Theideawasquite?brilliant.A.positiveB.cleverC.keyD.original参考答案：B13 .Stockmarketprice?tumbled?afterrumorofariseininterestrate.A.regulatedB.increasedC.maintainedD.fell参考答案：D14.Thecoursegivesyoubasic

5、?instruction?incarmaintenance.A.coachingB.ideaC.termD.aspect参考答案：A15.A11houseswithin100metersoftheseasare?atrisk?offlooding.A.indangerB.outofcontrolC.betweenequalsD.inparticular参考答案：A二、阅读判断TheTheoryofEveryoneIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpe

6、cted.Whenhewasacollegestudent,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration（分解）ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottas

7、teorsmellanything.AndyetthismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.HawkingisoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience,heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistor

8、yofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestion

9、is:IsthereacompletetheoryoftheuniverseandeverythinginitDespitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes”inspace.Nowheislookingforaseto

10、frulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.IfStephenHawkingisabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywe

11、live.16.StephenHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：BIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatC

12、ambridgeUniversity.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesn'thavetowork.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingt

13、hesecretsofA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：C22.TheTheoryofEverythingisabouttherulesthateverythingintheuniversefollows.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A三、概括大意与完成句子Geothermal（地热）Energy1 Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface

14、.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（岩浆）.Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunder

15、ground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可渗透的）rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwater

16、andsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.2 .Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedat

17、LardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.3 .Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary（双重的）plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparators

18、wherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,it"flashes"orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallythey

19、willbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.4 .Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.23.Paragraph1A.Dry

20、steamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：C24Paragraph2A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：A25Paragraph3A.DrysteamplantsB.Bin

21、aryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：E26Paragraph4A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：F27 .Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristra

22、ppedunderA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings参考答案：B28 .Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwithA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings参考答案： E29 .Flashplantsproduce

23、hotwaterthroughA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings参考答案：C30.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedintoA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings

24、参考答案：A四、阅读理解SmartWindows1 .Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefro

25、mcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweeneasily.2 ."Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,"saysClaesGranqvist.He'saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden."It'scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell."So,win

26、dowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey'restuckindoors.3 .Yet,windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewinter,coldairleaksin.Whenit'shotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextrahea

27、tforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing（使人清新的）,actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.4 .Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing（用玻璃覆盖）,

28、andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusesomechromogenic（发色的）technologiesinvolvingchangesofcolor.5 .Electrochromic（电致色的）windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersoftungstenoxide（氧化钨）worksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideiscle

29、arwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage（电压）isdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilit'scompletelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.6 .Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatith

30、asasortof"memory".Allittakesisasmallshockofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitionstakefrom10secondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed."Inthefuture,"

31、Granqvistsays,"ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent."31 .WhichofthefollowingvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentionedA.Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.B.Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.C.Theyletushavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.D.Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.参考答案：D32 .Theexpression"whenitcom

32、esto"inParagraph3isusedtoA.signalthearrivalofaguest.B.indicatetherecoveryofconsciousness.C.showourunderstandingofsomething.D.introduceanewaspectofatopic.参考答案： D33 .AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthatA.arecosted.B.areglazed.C.haveseverallayers.D.canchangecolor.参考答案：D34 .Whichpara

33、graphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindowschangingA.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph3.C.Paragraph4.D.Paragraph6.参考答案：A35 .AsmartwindowsissmartmainlybecauseA.itcanchangeitssize.B.itcanchangeitsstructure.C.itcanchangethevoltageofelectricity.D.ithasasortofmemory.参考答案：DSportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebigg

34、estsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation（NBA）andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity（名气）.Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundth

35、eworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess（杰出的才能）alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft（选拔），hewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.HisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnoNBAplayerofhissize

36、haseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful（难对付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicsw

37、ithastressfracture（骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder（震动）spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecov

38、eryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocessWesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM'sbenefitsalthoughnewresea

39、rchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair."ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing."It'sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon'tthinkthatit'sshortonscience."36.Theword"t

40、owering"inParagraph1meansA.large.B.fat.C.tall.D.great.参考答案：C37.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhisA.mobility.B.assault.C.defense.D.celebrity.参考答案：A38 .YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecauseA.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C.thesurgic

41、aloperationhadbeenafailure.D.hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.参考答案：B39 .WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrueA.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.40 HeisanNBAplayer.C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.Heisaninternationalfigure.参考答案：A40.Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMisA.indifferent.B.positiv

42、e.C.negative.D.doubtful.参考答案：DCanyouhearThisWhensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls,floor,andceiling.Thesearecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant(反射的)sound,whichcanbeheardevenafterthesoun

43、disnolongercomingfromthesource.Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom(includingthepeople)absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime.Becauseeachuseofanauditoriumcallsford

44、ifferentreverberation.Speechneedstobeunderstoodclearly:thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthaveashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedareverberationtimesomewherebetween.Aco

45、usticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel（平行的）wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsingeffect.Largepillars（柱）andcornerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.Someoftheseproblemscanbeso

46、lvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberationtimeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandotherstopasstoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.41.ThispassageismainlyaboutA.soundwavesandtheireffects.B.thetypesofmusicorchestra

47、splay.C.wallsofanauditorium.D.thedesignofanauditorium.参考答案：D42 .WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffecthaveA.ashortreverberationtime.B.anintermediatereverberationtime.C.noreverberationtime.D.alongreverberationtime.参考答案：D43 .ThispassagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshouldA.getridofallreflect

48、ions.B.nothaveabsorbers.C.achieveapleasingmixtureofsound.D.havesmoothsurfaces.参考答案：D44 .LargepillarsandcornersmayA.makesoundrichandfull.B.becuresforsoundproblems.C.besourcesofsoundproblems.D.functionaseffectivelyasclouds.参考答案：C45 .Theword"acoustic"inthelastparagraphhassomethingtodowithA.pe

49、rformance.B.sound.C.audience.D.weather.参考答案：B五、补全短文WhatIsaDreamForcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelievethatdrea

50、mscantellusaboutaperson'smindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.(46)TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofaperso

51、n'swishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreud's.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.(47)Forexa

52、mple,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Santa

53、Cruz,believesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoaperson'sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.(48)Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandge

54、nder.Hisstudiesshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.(49)Thisisnottrueofwomen'sdreams.Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.CandreamshelpusunderstandourselvesPsychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindiffe

55、rentways.(50)Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.It'simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,

56、forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.参考答案：E46.A.For

57、example,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcentur

58、ythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.参考答案：F47.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestarte