宾语从句讲解

1、宾语从句结构宾语从句结构:1.陈述句作宾语从句陈述句作宾语从句,由连词由连词that连接。连接。 I think This answer is correct.eg. I think that this answer is correct. I know nothing about him except that he lives the next door. (作介词作介词except的宾语的宾语) Im sure that Mary will come here on time.2. 一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether/if连接。连接。 I want t

2、o know Will you come soon? eg. I want to know if/whether you will come soon. 注注：一般：一般whether/if引导的宾语从句可互换，但宾语从句中有引导的宾语从句可互换，但宾语从句中有or not (“或不是或不是”“”“或没有或没有”)，只可用，只可用whetheror noteg. Im not sure whether it will be fine or not tomorrow. 我我不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。if 引导的宾语从句有时会与条件状语从句混淆。引导的宾语从句有时

3、会与条件状语从句混淆。eg. Please let me know if he wants to see me.(是否是否) We wont go for a picnic if it rains tomorrow.（如果如果） I dont know if I _(have) time tomorrow. If I _ (have) time, I will come to your party.3. 特殊疑问句作宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句,由疑问词由疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why 等引导。等引导。Do you

4、 knowWhen will the meeting begin?eg. Do you know when the meeting will begin? will havehave I was surprised at What had he done?eg. I was surprised at what he had done.注注：标点由主句来定。：标点由主句来定。宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应：注注：时态一致性：主句时态与从句时态一致。：时态一致性：主句时态与从句时态一致。1)主句：现在的时态主句：现在的时态(一般现在时一般现在时, 现在进行时现在进行时, 现在完现在完成时成时

5、) 从句：根据实际情况确定时态。从句：根据实际情况确定时态。eg. Do you know where he lives? I wonder where he will go. I wonder where he went yesterday.I dont know where he had lived before he came here.Can you tell me what you were doing this time yesterday?2) 主句：过去的时态主句：过去的时态(一般过去时一般过去时, 过去进行时过去进行时) 从句：过去的时态从句：过去的时态(一般过去时一般过去时

6、, 过去进行时过去进行时, 过去将来时过去将来时, 过去过去完成时完成时)若若: 主句的谓语动词与从句的谓语动词主句的谓语动词与从句的谓语动词同时发生同时发生，从句的谓语动，从句的谓语动词用词用一般过去时一般过去时或或过去进行时过去进行时。eg. He said he worked in a factory. My brother told me father was writing a letter then.若：从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词若：从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前之前，从句的谓语动词，从句的谓语动词用用过去完成时过去完成时。eg. He said he had seen

7、 the film before.若：从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词若：从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后之后，从句的谓语动词，从句的谓语动词用用过去将来时过去将来时，过去将来进行时过去将来进行时，过去将来完成时过去将来完成时。eg. He said he would go with us. (过去将来时过去将来时) He said he would be visiting a friend of his the next morning. (过去将来进行时过去将来进行时) He said he would have learned three thousand English words

8、 by the end of this term. (过去将来完过去将来完成时成时)若：从句的谓语动词在主句谓语动词若：从句的谓语动词在主句谓语动词之前已经持续了一之前已经持续了一段时间，段时间，从句的谓语动词用从句的谓语动词用过去完成进行时过去完成进行时或或过去完过去完成时成时。eg. He told me he had been in the city for five years. I didnt know how long he had studied English.She asked me if I had studied English for years.注注：1)如果宾语从句

9、表示的是一般如果宾语从句表示的是一般真理真理，就不受，就不受时态呼应的限制。时态呼应的限制。eg. The teacher said the earth goes round the sun. 2)Could you tell me是表示是表示“请示请示”的较的较委婉的句型，委婉的句型，could并不表示过去时间，所以并不表示过去时间，所以其后的宾语从句的时态不受影响。其后的宾语从句的时态不受影响。eg. Could you tell me where the meeting will be held?宾语从句的三要素：宾语从句的三要素：1、引导词、引导词如果从句是陈述句则由如果从句是陈述句则

10、由that引导；如果从句是一般疑问句则引导；如果从句是一般疑问句则由由if/whether来引导；如果从句是特殊疑问句则由特殊疑来引导；如果从句是特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词来引导。问词来引导。 I think This answer is correct. eg. I think that this answer is correct. I want to know Will you come soon? eg. I want to know if/whether you will come soon. Do you knowWhen will the meeting begin?eg. Do

11、you know when the meeting will begin?2、时代、时代主句是现在时，从句可以根据需要使用任何时代；主句是过主句是现在时，从句可以根据需要使用任何时代；主句是过去时，从句只能使用过去的某一时代。去时，从句只能使用过去的某一时代。Can you tell me what you were doing this time yesterday?He said he would have learned three thousand English words by the end of this term.当从句所陈述的是客观事实或普遍真理时，不管主句用什么当从句所陈

12、述的是客观事实或普遍真理时，不管主句用什么时代，从句只能用一般现在时。时代，从句只能用一般现在时。The teacher said the earth goes round the sun.3、语序、语序从句使用陈述句语序，不能使用疑问句语序。从句使用陈述句语序，不能使用疑问句语序。Does he want to see me?Please let me know if he wants to see me.Where will the meeting be hold?Could you tell me where the meeting will be held?一、将下面句子连接成含有宾语

13、从句的复合句1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He said He said_ these flowers _from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3.Can they speak French? I want to know I want to know _ _ _ _French.4. Are the children playing games? Tell

14、 me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.5. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _ _ _ _ _ see in the picture?6.What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _ _ often _ _.7.Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?thatwerethat

15、travelsif they can speakwhetherare playingHow mang people you canwhat he Talked about Where she parked1.The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A took B take C takes D will take2. She asked Linda if _ go and get some. A could she B she could C she can D she may 3. I dont know _ he s

16、till lives here after so many years. A whether B where C what D when4.Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A what B when C why D how5. He asked me _ told me he accident. A whom B which C who D whose6. Please tell me _ last year. A where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your