常用电力电子器件特性测试

1、实验二：常用电力电子器件特性测试一）实验目的（1）掌握几种常用电力电子器件（SCR、GTO、MOSFET、IGBT）的工作特性;2）掌握各器件的参数设置方法，以及对触发信号的要求。二）实验原理+Vf_VakSWRonA图1.MATLAB电力电子器件模型MATLAB电力电子器件模型使用的是简化的宏模型，只要求器件的外特性与实际器件特性基本相符。MATLAB电力电子器件模型主要仿真了电力电子器件的开关特性，并且不同电力电子器件模型都具有类似的模型结构。模型中的电阻Ron和直流电压源Vf分别用来反映电力电子器件的导通电阻和导通时的门槛电压。串联电感限制了器件开关过程中的电流升降速度，模拟器件导通或关

2、断时的动态过程。MATLAB电力电子器件模型一般都没有考虑器件关断时的漏电流。在MATLAB电力电子器件模型中已经并联了简单的RC串联缓冲电路，在参数表中设置，名称分别为Rs和Cs。更复杂的缓冲电路则需要另外建立。对于MOSFET模型还反并联了二极管，在使用中要注意，需要设置体内二极管的正向压降Vf和等效电阻Rd。对于GTO和IGBT需要设置电流下降时间Tf和电流拖尾时间Tt。MATLAB的电力电子器件必须连接在电路中使用，也就是要有电流的回路，但是器件的驱动仅仅是取决于门极信号的有无，没有电压型和电流型驱动的区别也不需要形成驱动的回路。尽管模型与实际器件工作有差异，但使MATLAB电力电子器

3、件模型与控制连接的时候很方便。MATLAB的电力电子器件模型中含有电感，因此具有电流源的性质，所以在模块参数中还包含了IC即初始电流项。此外也不能开路工作。含电力电子模型的电路或系统仿真时，仿真算法一般采用刚性积分算法，如ode23tb、odel5s。电力电子器件的模块上，一般都带有一个测量输出端口，通过输出端m可以观测器件的电压和电流。本实验将电力电子器件和负载电阻串联后接至直流电源的两端，给器件提供触发信号，使器件触发导通。（三）实验内容（1）在MATLAB/Simulink中构建仿真电路，设置相关参数。（2）改变器件和触发脉冲的参数设置，观察器件的导通情况及负载端电压、器件电流的变化情况

4、。（四）实验过程与结果分析1仿真系统Matlab平台2仿真参数（1）Thyristor参数设置：直流源和电阻参数：ElBlockParametefKDCVoltageSourceXVol七強日Source(nask)(link)IdealDCvoltagesource.ParametersOXCancelHelp如ply图2器件和触发脉冲参数：删BlockParamKtn:ThynstDrTTiyristor(nask)(link)Pulsetypedetcrriitwsth*cnripiTtat-iaria.1'teEhniquePeriod(bbcs:0.5PulsaVid.th(

5、SofpRtiod"-IlPhssedelay(secs):I9SourceBlockP'aramrters:PulseGenwatarandThyritot:xnpara.lle-1vitha.se-fiesESZstYubhireiteuiI.Itton-stateth亡Thfjri航deTindclhasanitrtefnaltesiEtarice(Komi：aridiniuctance(Lon)Forlostapplicationstheintmwalinduct购旳shouldbesflttorercBInoff-3t:atetheThyrdstnruxninfln

6、itelipedan匚已.Tiitr-basedisrecoruieridjadfotyithava.tiabLeMuiveijvhileSniple-ba_Eedi_ErecanntniLedfaruseficdstepsnlvierorhiriadiscreteportionofusing1variablestepg口IvetParametersResistanc?Ron(Ohns)eO.DOLInductancrLon(H):1：ForuardvnltiigeVf(V):O.SIriitLilcurrentIc：5DDSmibbet:capacitariceCstF):JlShnvrTi

7、c-ajurerientportAiKplitudc;图3改变器件和触发脉冲参数：利BlockPa-amrieTs;SerissRLCBranch舉SeriBSKLCBiancK厲日曲)(lirihiInt'lrientsa5ecj.esbtanch.£ELCEltMfitJuUsethsrBran.chtyjerp8r：uieteitoaddorxernoueeleient3£roithebranchIBlackParamMrn:ThyristorITiyrLstoi朋叱(lirii)Ihyiistoti±ipsualLmlwithaseties-ECs

8、tuobliciicuitInDn-itatetheTh/tijtnrnndflhaz-aninternii.tesiEtance(Xori)anceCLonhForiLOtapplicstiCiTisthebitemalitiductricshouldbesettarera.Inoff-ctartcth亡ThyfistnrisanlTifinitelipedancc,V.SourceElcckPfirame:er«:PulseGeneratDTTine-bisedijiecoronendedforsdItcLjvtiileSajiplcbascdisfixedstepsoldero

9、rwithinausingavariablestepsolver.usewitha匚iabletecoinendcdfdcusediseteteportinnofitejTvthaanodePat-ariet>9X2AmplitudE；O.DOLTnductanccLon(H):0.1P&ticid(secsJzFotuiEdualtac?7f(7):PulseVidth(Nofpeiiud):SnubbBEcaDajcit：anceCs(F):Resditan匚已Bm(OJuiz):V販宙皿as旳nentport0.6图42)GTO参数设置：器件和触发脉冲参数：图5改变器件和触

10、发脉冲参数：BlackPararneters:Gto£iCto(link)鼻IntDlenentsaCidthTTistor:inparallelwithaseriesECEtiubleiciicuit.Inoji.-rtattthe*G-LOJiQchlhsjxiternslzefLE±anc?(Kan?artditidactaartce(匚on).ForlostDjli-catiotiSjiLonshouldbeserttolisro.Inoff-statethano>ielha呂infiniteinpedaricePirarietetsReidsd:anceFu

11、n(Ohns):2DInckictancrLu口(M):0FaruardunitaeVf(V):o.aCurrentLDNfalltheIf(i):LDe-SLurrentta.iltineTt(sj:2Da-6Initia.1curientI匚(A):0Snuhber匚eristanceRs(Ohns-)侧I亡anZHelpAppLj翔DurteBloclkParameters:PulseGeneratorend*.Pulittypedeterm口已wthe匚口ngjutst1口te-EhniqUEuxed.Iine-liased.isrecDnuienddforuseiriihavaria

12、tleEterivkileSaiipls-hasedis-xecauinddfoiusewitha£lxe-ditepzdIveiarwitbinbdix匚匸=七亡poitionafa.nodensiriE-afinablestepsolirer.Pat：anetersPulsetype;|Tulebsssd审riMft)sVsesinwlaticoitine于Aiiplitude:L=LL5PulzeWidth聽£period):20Phueieliry(ieCM：0NIrrtErpretTcctoEparanttersa_zL-D*iiiI»狙|亡an

13、4;HelpBBlockParameters:Gto|疥G-td(m.axk)(link)*Iiilennitzz>GTOthyri3tnrxnpa.rzillelwithbsetie-sRCsimbbercircuitInon-fftiate七HeGTO血口日"haz-intemaJ.xe-sj-jtanw(Bon)andinduetatric：匕(Lon),Fdewstpplicitions,.LanshouldbesettoInaffstatrthfimiidfilhajLnEin.iteinpe-dancc.ParsiaterERes-istan匚已Ran(Ohns-)

14、:20InductanceLori(E0:Forvardolt驢亡Vf(V)sCuiceatLDfalltineTf(s)t10EfiCurrenttailtingTt(s);Ini七ialcurrerrtI匚(A):Ojcl|CanonHelpApplyL=”ftSource-BlockParameters:PulseGmerntor探endPulsetypedeteiiineslhecafiputatLonilt日cioiiqaeused.TijiB-basedisr&CDmietndBEiforusevithavariableEtapsdIvCjvhil>=Szaple-b

15、zisedls匸亡匚aniHLdsdforuze-ivit:hzifixedstepsolet:orwithinadiscreteportionofamodeuii厚2usti-abLst9psolwiParajictersPulietype:Timebas-ed*line(t)£UsesinulationliieAmplitude:Period(5ccs):0.5PulseWidth(SofpEiod):50Phaseielacr1(sees!=M'CsiLcelBelp图7改变器件和触发脉冲参数：图6（3）MOSFET参数设置：器件和触发脉冲参数：FE7resistati

16、cQElati(OhzEs0.rnternxldiodeinductin匚己Lon(H):10EntcmaldioderesistmiceEd(Ohms:0-03EnternalliodefciiwatdvoLtaae7f(71;LL8InitialcurrentIc(A):SnubberresistanceKe(Ohnsie5SnubbercapacitancECs(F)sinf35havneasurenetitpartOE币#SaurceBieckParameerE：PulseGeneraSarandPulsetypedrtrrriincsthecoin(pirtartLanaltechn

17、ique5tflptha.2nLodeuseyLtha.wzablerecormendedforusediscreleportionofIiaLE-lia.se-di.sce-cDiwnnde-d±DrsnlvetfjwhileEarplebaiedisfieiistepedIvecoraOK图84)IGBT参数设置：器件和触发脉冲参数：图9改变器件和触发脉冲参数：9BlockPoranictens:IK50T|駆IGBTf巧k)(link)IipleiictirtsanIB7deviceinjjarallelmtbaseEicsRCswbb&tCLEcuitInarrsta

18、tethe-IG-B?node-1haslrrtErniilreristance(lonlandinductance(Lon)ForHost可卩lLca.tj.on5.iLunshouldlierettoIkoff-5tatetheIGBTnodclhaslrifinitclinpcdanEc,EeistanceKoti(OJuisls20Inductm:巴Lnn(H):Foewardi.roLtage7t(7);Curtawt10®falLtineIf<s):匚口匸匸亡nttblItinc-Tt(5):2e-fiIriitialcurietitIc仏)t0Snuliberte

19、sistancBRs(OhnsSourceBlockParameters:PulseGeneratar7't：=DendPulsetypedeterriiricsth亡cnmpirtatinaal±创曲1砂亡used.TinB-bedisr$coiii.etidedf£wewithavaziablestepsolver?vhi1eSarple-base-disi*已匚口unde-d£：*us-e-withzifuied.stepsolveidewitbin-adisetetepottionofanodeusingavariablestepsolver.II

20、IIOECancJE日pkji_1.fQE|CshcbLHbIpHIBlock嘉畑陀伽引TGBT1GBI(naskl(1：'ImpleiieiYtsanI&BTdevi匚亡in.parallelwith.a.serLe-s1rnubbei匚i匸:心七Inon-sistetheICfiTnodelEvas3iit&inaLtesistaruce(Eton)aridinductatuc日(Lloi).FornoETtajplicationsjLnnahouldbesetto酣“Inoff-stat5theICBTiiodelhasinfinit5imp&dance-

21、WSourceBlockParsmeters:Pul?eGeneratorTine-baiedisrcconmeridedfnrjalveiuhileSanple-bzistd.12fucedEtepsalvororvxthiiLa.usme3vatiablestepsolvetuu_sevithavaviahlerecanneride-d.£口匸uiediscretepnetion.ofstepvilha.3.nodeFataiut0XSKesistaruceEcri血)：2DrnductanceLon(H);0.IFarurardvoltageVf(V)eCurrent%fall

22、tirwIf(i:Cutietittailtil自It(s):2e-firitialcurrentIcs图103仿真波形与分析1)Thyristor的仿真模型和仿真波形如下：1rhyrimw'HliEdi>lnSknutaaonrcrmaiTt»4at1«口Wd尸，廿口：上卜昭闺已目心曲E曲鑒'IIIP.ML3W&c>dH5图11、Thyristor的仿真模型EJ加:”«IS因卫AQG'l-图12、Thyristor的仿真波形1图13、Thyristor的仿真模型和仿真波形2波形分析：Thyristor为半控型器件，触发脉冲只能触发导通，无法使其关断。器件的电压和负载端电压由器件的导通电阻和负载的电阻值按分压定律确定。若存在导通电感，则导通电流存在一个缓慢上升直至稳定的过程，比较接近于器件的实际导通情况。（2）GTO的仿真模型和仿真波形如下：图14、GTO的仿真模型图15、GTO的仿真波形1图16、GTO的仿真波形2