(word完整版)牛津译林版八年级下册被动语态专项练习

1、被动语态八下牛津英语语法讲解与练习一、各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am is are动词过去分词Cars are made by them.一般过去时：was were动词过去分词The MP3 was bought by my father.一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be 动词过去分词The bridge will be completed in ten days.现在完成时：have has been动词过去分词The meeting has been put off.二、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构

2、成，原来带to 的情态动词变成被动语态后“ to仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加 ”be 加 “过分 ”。例如：we can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.We must fi nish this work soon. This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom. The classroom has to be cleaned by us.三、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.( 1)时态保持一致。I

3、have repaired my computer.-My computer has been repaired.( 2)如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by 短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用in 短语。It is made by us.It is made in Wuhan.(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by 的宾语时要用其宾格形式。He cleaned the car. The car was cleaned by him.(4)疑问句的被动语态，用be动词的对应形式代替doDoes she drive this car?

4、 Is this car driven by her?( 5)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。His best friend often looks after him. -He is often looked after by his best friend.(6)主动句中有一些动词如buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,lend,teach 等， 带有双宾语，一个是直接宾语(指物) ，另一个是间接宾语(指人)，主动语态变为被动语态时，可以把间接宾语变成主语，保留直接宾语，也可以把直接宾语变为主语，保留间接宾语，但此时一般在间接宾语前加一个介词。M

5、y father gave me a book. (1)I was given a book by my father. (2) A book was given to me by my father.She showed me some photos. (1)I was shown some photos by her. (2) Some photos were shown to me by her.注意：有些双宾语动词，如do,pass,sell,send,sing， bring,write 等，变为被动语态时，通常以直接宾语作主语，保留间接宾语，其前面根据情况用介词to 或 forShe

6、 wrote me a letter. A letter was written to me by her.有些双宾语动词如answer,save,envy(羡慕)等，通常以间接宾语作被动语态主语，保留直接宾语。Heanswered me that question. I was answered that question by him.( 7)主动语态句中使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语为不带to 的不定式，但变为被动语态时要加上to，这类的动词有make, have, let, notice， see， watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel help

7、等。Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. He was made to wash the dishes.I saw a boy cross the street . A boy was seen to cross the street.（ 8） It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说 ”或 “相信 ”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“ It be过去分词that 从句 ”或 “主语be过去分词to do sth. 。有： ”It is sa

8、id that 据说 ,It is reported that 据报道， It is believed that 大家相信， It is hoped that 大家希望， It is well known that 众所周知， It is thought that 大家认为， It is suggested that 据建议。 例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （ The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1、（1）英语中有

9、很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write， wash,cut,wear等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例 This kind of cloth washes well. The coats sell well.The knife cuts well. 这刀好使。The shoes wear long.这鞋耐穿。注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door won't lock （指门本身有毛病）The door

10、 won't be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指 “门没有锁”是人的原因）（ 2） 表示 “发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out（出现）等以主动形式表示被动意义。（ 3） 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。Your reason sounds reasonable.2、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。（ 1 ） 在need， want， requi

11、re 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（ to be repaired）这房子需要修理。（ 2） 在某些 “形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice， easy， fit， hard， difficult ，important ， impossible ， pleasant， interesting 等。This problem is difficult to work out . （可看作to w

12、ork out 省略了 for me） .（ 3） 在 too to 结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。This book is too expensive （for me） to buy.五、下列情况不能用于被动语态1 .不及物动词没有被动语态这类动词常见的有：take place,happen,last,rise,break out,appear等The accident happened last night. （ ） The accident was happened last night.（ ）×2 .系动词没有被动语态这些动词有：feel,tu

13、rn,taste,sound,smell,look,get,become 等。8 下 被动语态专项练习一、按要求改写下列句子1.Is tea grown in South China ？（改为主动语态）people tea in South China ？1.1 am given a birthday present by my parents every year （同义句转换）A birthday present by my parents every year3 .The children will sing an English song. （ 改为被动语态）An English so

14、ng by the children.4 .You needn't do it now. （ 改为被动语态）It by you now.5 .People use metal for making machines. （ 改为被动语态）Metal making machines.6 .He made me do that for him. （ 改为被动语态）I that for him.1. .Some People noticed those workers making machines. （ 改为被动语态）Those workers making machines.8. They

15、 often saw the boy watch the football matches last year. （ 改为被动语态）The boy often the football matches by them.9. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? （ 改为被动语态）a bridge here by them a year ago?10. Harry Jones designed the game. （改为被动语态）The game Harry Jones.11. He often makes us work for ten hours

16、a day. （ 改为被动语态）We oftento for ten hours a day.12. My parents buy me a birthday cake every year. （ 改为被动语态）（1）I a birthday cake by my parents every year.（2）A birthday cake me by parents every year.13. We noticed him eating snacks in class. （ 改为被动语态）Heeating snacks in class by us.14. He plants many tr

17、ees every year. （把句子改为被动语态）Many trees by him every year.15. The teacher made him hand in homework before class. （把句子改为被动语态）He was hand in homework before class （by the teacher）.16. He bought a CD-ROM last year. （ 把句子改为被动语态）A CD-ROMlast year.17. He organizes activities of the Computer Club. （ 把句子改为被动

18、语态）Activities of the Computer Clubby him.18.Does everyone in the world know the Great Wall? （ 把句子改为被动语态）the Great Wallin the world?19.I gave him a present yesterday. （把句子改为被动语态）A presenthim by me Yesterday.20.The workers built the bridge in 2004. （ 把句子改为被动语态）The bridgeby the workers in 2004.二、单项选择1

19、. Each year quite a lot of foodaround the world.A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted2 .The sick man to hospital by the policeman an hour ago.A. is taken B. was taken C. takesD. took3 .Elephantscarry wood by people long time ago.A. was trained B. trained to C. train to D. were train

20、ed to4 . Why are you so excited today?-We were told a picnic this weekend.A. haveB. to haveC. having D. had5 . The meeting two weeks ago.A. hold B. was held C. were held D. is held6 .The thief by the police last night.A. caught B. is caught C. was caught D. were caught7 . Last year Beijing by a big

21、sandstorm.A. is hit B. were hit C. will be hit D. was hit8 Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. I m sorry, but I when to meet.A. don t tell B. didn t tell C. haven t told D. wasn t told9 .Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China.D. be allowedA. allowB. be allow C. allowed

22、10 . This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs,well.A. sellsB. sell C. is sold D. are sold11 . At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chancesto students to learn from each other.A. offerB. are offered C. have offered D. are offering12 . a new libraryin our scho

23、ol last year? Yes, it was.A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did; build13 . What the plane often ? A training centre.A. is; used as B. was; used to C. is; used to D. was; using as14 .He was seen a bank just nowA. to enter B. to enter intoC. enter D. entering into15 .Were they heard at that

24、 time?A. talk and laugh B. to talk and laugh C. talking and laughing D. talked and laughed 16.The new flats in the centre of the town well.A. sellsB. sellC. is soldD. are sold17.The World Cupevery four years.D. Both A and CD. speakinga moment ago.A. takes placeB. is taken placeC. is held18.Old peopl

25、e are often politely by the young in our country.A. spoken toB. speakingC. spoken19. Boys and girls, have you finished drawing the pictures? Yes, theyD. finishedD. hiddenD. was laughedA. have finishedB. were finishedC .are finished20. Mary didn t know where the birthday cardand looked worried.A. was

26、 hidingB. was hiddenC. hid21. Tomby his classmates because he made a careless mistake.A. laughed atB. was laughed at C. laughed22. They day and night.A are made workB are made to work C made to be worked D are making to work23. You may go fishing if your work.A is doneB will be done C has doneD have

27、 done24. These kinds of CD-ROMSin that shop over there. They well.A are sold, are soldB are sold, sell C sell, sell D sell, are sold25. Mr Chen has a loud voice. His voice can clearly even in that big classroom.A hearB be heardC be hearing D have heard26. Do you like the flower? Yes, it sweet.A smel

28、lsB is smellingC smeltD is smelt27. English in many countries, but the Chinese their own language.A. speaks; spoken B. is spoken; is spoken C. is spoken; speak D. is spoken; speaks28. -How many cakes can I have, Mum? -None, dear. They for your father.A. prepareB prepared C. have prepared D. were pre

29、pared29. His new book has.A come onB been come on C come outD been come out30. Food and clothesto the children in poor areas by the volunteers .A. hand out B are handed out C are handing out D worked out 三、用()里词的适当形式填空1 .Young trees(water) well every day.2 .Thirty bikes(repair) by Uncle Wang last we

30、ek.3 .This kind of machine (use) for cutting things.4 . Many strange things(take) place every year.5 .Rice (grow) twp thousand years ago by Chinese people.6.1 nformation (keep) in the computer just now.7.Children under 1.2m in height should(not take)to the concert hall.8.Activities(plan)to help the

31、poor every year.9.Our classroom is so dirty and it needs(clean).10 Jack is very funny. I am always made (laugh)11 . The good news is that most of the cases of blindness can (cure).12 .Children should (treat)with kindness.13 .She was made ( wait) half an hour.14. Usually those letters(write) in Engli

32、sh in the past.15. Do you know that Oxfam (set) up in the UK in 1942?16. A new film (show) at Red Star Cinema yesterday.17. Whatyour computer(use) for? Sending and receiving e-mails.18. You may go out and play as soon as your homework (finish).五、完形填空1Now computers are very 1 among young people. Last

33、 week, we asked thirty young people 2 fourteen and eighteen. We asked how much 3 they usually spent on their computers in a week, but we 4 most interested in 5 they used their computers for.The usual time spent on a computer in a week was about twelve hours, with 6 user about thirty-two hours, and t

34、he lowest user only five hours.All the children said they usually used computers 7. Fourteen children told us they did some wordprocessing (文字处理) 8 . Only two of them said computers 9 their lessons, and eight children told usthey kept addresses and phone numbers in their computers or used 10 to writ

35、e diaries. Only three childrensaid they were learning to make computer programs and nobody looked up databases (数据库). None of themused computers for any 11 use.The 12 show that computer use is quite high among young people of 14-18 years old. They also show quite clearly that computers 13 by most yo

36、ung people as little more than game machines. 14 , though computers are common in the homes of young people, they have not yet become 15 in everyday life.()1. A. commonB. cheapC. easyD. difficult()2. A. amongB. betweenC. fromD. about()3. A. hoursB. moneyC. timeD. /()4. A. isB. wasC. areD. were()5. A

37、. whatB. whyC. howD. whether()6. A. highB. higherC. highestD. the highest()7. A. to readB. readingC.to play gamesD. playing games()8. A. at timesB. as usualC. in the endD. all the time()9. A. found outB. worked atC. helped withD. looked over()10. A. theirsB. themC. itsD. it()11. A. anotherB. otherC.

38、 the otherD. others()12. A. waysB. questionsC. reportsD. results（结果）()13. A. are seenB. have seenC. will be seenD. see()14. A. More or less B. From now onC. By the way D. It seems to us that()15. A. wonderfulB. popularC. usefulD. expensive六、阅读理解Life comes in a package. This package includes happines

39、s and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair.Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to deal with various situations.Love plays a main role in our life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person

40、could become cruel(残忍的 ). In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with love and care. They teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we don t always care about it. It is only after marriage anhaving kids that a person understands others feelings.Happiness

41、 can bring people a peaceful mind. No mind is happy without peace. Sadness is the cause of the death of a loved one or the failure. But all of these things will pass away.Failure is the way to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.Success brings in

42、money, pride and self-respect.Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day.Life teaches us not to regret( 后悔 ) over yeste

43、rday, for it has passed and is out of our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark. So the only choice is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.() 1. We usually have to accept if we want to be successful.A. loveB. failureC. sadnessD. hope() 2. In whic

44、h section can readers probably read the passage?A. Business. B. TravelC. Lifestyles.D. Education.() 3. What does the word “ despair ” mean in Chinese?A. 颓废B . 遗憾C. 悲伤D. 绝望() 4. What s the meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage?A. When choosing between “ today ” and “ tomorrow ” , you d better enjoy tomorrow.B. If you work hard today, you ll have a better life in the future.C. What you can only choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.D. The only choice you make i