2013年职称英语押题综合B完型

1、2013年（综合）教材没有新增文章，以下是2012年新增文章注： +表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；完形填空: 综合B级6*.第六篇： Teaching and Learning 7.*第七篇： The Difference between Man and Computer9.*第九篇： The First Bicycle10.*第十篇： Working Mothers*第六篇 Teaching and learning （综合B）Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the s

2、tudent. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The ideal student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one inte

3、rested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is responsible for learning the material assigned. When research is assigned, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to com

4、plete it with minimum guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how a university library works; they expect students particularlygraduate students to exhaust the reference sources in the library.

5、 Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students should not be too dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties besides teaching，such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of cla

6、ss is limited . If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either approach a professor during office hours or make an appointment.*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer （综合B） What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theori

7、es dont yet account for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand，don't. In fact，computers don't even have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when th

8、ey read. If a computer program is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not make sense to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to fin

9、d a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals give rise to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find information about the name of a

10、 restaurant which serves the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to acquireinformation or knowledge, what we are calling learning goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer might "want" to find out the

11、location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so in the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not arise out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.*第九篇 The First Bicycle （综合B） The history of the

12、bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791，Count de Sivrac delighted onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention ，a machine called the celeriferé. It was basically an enlarged version of a childrens toy which had been in use for many years. Sivrac's "cel

13、eriferé had a wooden frame，made in the shape of a horse ，which was mounted on a wheel at either end. To ride it ，you sat on a small seat ，just like a modem bicycle ，and pushed hard against the ground with your legsthere were no pedals. It was impossible to steer a celeriferé and it had no

14、brakes，but despite these problems the invention very much appealed to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were holding races up and down the streets. Minor injuries were common as riders attempted a final burst of speed . Controlling the machine was difficult，as the only way to change dire

15、ction was to pull up the front of the "celeriferé" and turn it round while the front wheel was spinning in the air. "Celeriferés" were not popular for long，however，as the combination of no springs，no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so，

16、the wooden celeriferé was the origin of the modem bicycle.*第十篇 Working Mothers （综合B） Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems，compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal view is that

17、mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not ，there are a number of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot afford see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure

18、 economic necessity. Many mothers are not cut out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant，they feel trapped and isolated. There are a number of options when it comes to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind l

19、ady across the street. In reality, however，many parents don't have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No matter how good the childcare may be ，some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a perfectly normal stage of child development. Babie

20、s separate well in the first six months，but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family members. Make sure that in the first week you allow plenty of time to help your child settle in. All children are different. Some are independent，while others are more attached to their moth

21、ers. Remember that if you want to do the best for your children ，it's not the quantity of time you spend with them，it's the quality that matters.完形填空: 综合B级6*.第六篇： Teaching and Learning 7.*第七篇： The Difference between Man and Computer9.*第九篇： The First Bicycle10.*第十篇： Working Mothers*第六篇 Teachi

22、ng and Learning （综合B）Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the (1) in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The (2) student is con

23、sidered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of (3) _, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned (4) _ brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is (5) _ for learning the material assigned. When research

24、 is (6) _, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with (7) _guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain (8) _a university library works; they expect students (9) _

25、graduate students to exhaust the reference (10) _ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but (11) _that their students should not be (12) _dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties (13) _teaching，such as administrative or research work. Therefore, t

26、he time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is (14) _ . If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either (15) _a professor during office hours or make an appointment.词汇:assignment / 'sainmnt/n. 任务，作业 administrative / d'ministrtiv / adj. 管理的， 行政

27、的motivate /'muti,veit/ V. 剌激，激发的积极性 appointment / 'pintmn / n. 约定，约会exhaust / ig'z:st / V. 耗尽，使筋疲力尽;彻底 讨论 注释:1. .lie with . :是的责任2. . for the sake of learning . :为了学习3. . approach a professor during office hours . :在办公时间见老师 练习:1. A) suggestion B) context C) abstract D) information2. A) p

28、oor B) ideal C) average D) disappointed3. A) fun B) work C) learning D) prize4. A) by B) in C) for D) with5. A) criticized B) innocent C) responsible D) dismissed6. A) collected B) distributed C) assigned D) finished7. A) maximum B) minimum C) possible D) practical8 A) when B) what C) why D) how9. A

29、) particularly B) essentially C) obviously D) rarely10. A) selections B) collections C) sources D) origins11. A) hate B) dislike C) like D) prefer12. A) too B) such C) much D) more13. A) but B) except C) with D) besides14. A) plentiful B) limited C) irregu1ar D) flexible15. A) greet B) annoy C) appr

30、oach D) attach练习:1. A) suggestion B) context C) abstract D) information2. A) poor B) ideal C) average D) disappointed3. A) fun B) work C) learning D) prize4. A) by B) in C) for D) with5. A) criticized B) innocent C) responsible D) dismissed6. A) collected B) distributed C) assigned D) finished7. A)

31、maximum B) minimum C) possible D) practical8 A) when B) what C) why D) how9. A) particularly B) essentially C) obviously D) rarely10. A) selections B) collections C) sources D) origins11. A) hate B) dislike C) like D) prefer12. A) too B) such C) much D) more13. A) but B) except C) with D) besides14.

32、 A) plentiful B) limited C) irregu1ar D) flexible15. A) greet B) annoy C) approach D) attach答案与题解:1. D 综合第一句的大意，只有 D 选项"信息"填在这里恰当，A 选项的意思是"提议，暗示" ，B"语境，上下文" ，C"摘要"。2. B 此句大意为"理想的学生是为了学习而学习"，只有 ideal最符合要求，故选 B。3. C 本文讲的是与学生学习相关的内容，A，B，D 均不合文意及句意，故排除。4

33、. D 此处要区分几个介词的含义，be returned with 一般有"带着回来"之意，此句意为 "有时，被发回来的作业上只有简短的评价，并无分数"。be returned by 意为"被带回来"，而 for ，in 于此搭配不当，答案选 D。5. C be responsible for 是固定搭配，表示"对负责任"。其他选项放在此处都不合上下文含意。6. C 此句意思是"当一项研究课题被选定时，教授们期望学生积极去做"。A 和 D 不合题意，最大的干扰项 B 意思为"分配，分布

34、"，一般指一个整体被分散给许多个体，与之相比，C 选项更为合适。7. B 老师肯定希望学生能够在尽可能少的指导下完成研究。只有 B 选项意为"最小的"，为正确答案。8. D 首先排除 B 选项，因为此处需要一个关系副词充当宾语从句的状语，而 what 是关系代词，之后要看整句的意思，教授们没有时间去给学生解释一个大学图书馆是怎样运作的。A和 C 虽然符合语法要求，但放此处意思不通，故选 D。9. A A 选项意为"尤其" ，B"本质上" ，C"明显地"，D"很少地，难得"。此处强调毕业

35、生，A 选项较为合适。10. C 此句意为"教授们期望学生，尤其是研究生阅尽图书馆中的文献资源 "。 A 意为"选集"，B 为"集合"，两者一般都指文学作品的"集合"，而此处是学术界的文献。C 与 D 选项都有"来源，源头"的意思，但 D 选项侧重于"起源，开端"，C 更侧重于"原始资料"，为正确答案。11. D 根据下文意思，A和B 选项可直接排除，教授们肯定是喜欢学生不依赖他们，不是不喜欢。D 选项的含义比 C 选项更递进了一步，符合题意，故选D。12

36、. A dependent 是形容词，前面不能与 such ，much 搭配，D 选项 more 放在此处构成比较级，但前文并无原级与之相比较，因此只剩下 A 为答案，此句意为"教授们愿意帮助那些需要帮助的学生，但更希望学生不要太过依赖他们"。13. D 此题重点在于区分三个有"除之外"含义的介词。A 选项一般翻译成"而不是，并不是" ，B 选项意为"除去之外"，D 选项意为"除去之外还"，此句意思为"美国的教授除了教书之外还有许多其他的职责"，故 D 为答案。14. B 根

37、据上文含义，一个教授能花在学生身上的时间一定是有限的，A，C，D 不合题意，直接排除，B 选项为正确答案。15. C 此题还是承接上文含义，正因为教授时间有限，因此学生若想与之沟通，定要等教授在学校的时候，或是提前约好。C 选项意为"接近，靠近"，为正确答案，其他选项意思与文意不符，A 为"问候" ，B 为"使厌恶"，D 为"依附，伴随，添加"。*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer（综合B） What makes people different from com

38、puter programs? What is the missing element that our theories dont yet (1) _ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) _they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand，don't. In fact，computers don't (3) _ have interests; there is noth

39、ing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) _is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not make (5) _to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide (6)_or

40、der to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) _a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals give (8) _to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger give

41、s rise to goals to find (9) _ about the name of a restaurant which (10) _ the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) _ information or knowledge, what we are calling (12) _ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a c

42、omputer (13) _ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so (14) _ the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not (15) _out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaura

43、nts.词汇:element / 'elimnt / n. 元素，成分，要素 intellectual /,intil'ektul/ adj. 智力的，聪明的 entertainment /,ent'teinmnt/ n. 娱乐，消遣 physiological /,fizi'ldikl/ adj. 生理学的，生理的 cognitive / 'kgnitiv / adj. 认知的，认识上的注释:1. . attribute to computers . :把归于电脑，归属于电脑2. . in the case of computer . :对于电脑来说练

44、习:1. A) express B) explain C) account D) count2. A) why B) how C) what D) when3. A) once B) even C) ever D) often4. A) program B) instruction C) system D) function5. A) success B) sense C) scene D) point6. A) of B) or C) in D) and7. A) find B) search C) look D) watch8. A) way B) play C) rise D) birt

45、h9. A) place B) food C) reference D) information10. A) orders B) sells C) supports D) serves11. A) acquire B) ask C) require D) consult12. A) understanding B) learning C) knowledge D) awareness13. A) could B) might C) should D) would14. A) as B) on C) by D) in15. A) arise B) rise C) consent D) deriv

46、e练习:1. A) express B) explain C) account D) count2. A) why B) how C) what D) when3. A) once B) even C) ever D) often4. A) program B) instruction C) system D) function5. A) success B) sense C) scene D) point6. A) of B) or C) in D) and7. A) find B) search C) look D) watch8. A) way B) play C) rise D) bi

47、rth9. A) place B) food C) reference D) information10. A) orders B) sells C) supports D) serves11. A) acquire B) ask C) require D) consult12. A) understanding B) learning C) knowledge D) awareness13. A) could B) might C) should D) would14. A) as B) on C) by D) in15. A) arise B) rise C) consent D) der

48、ive答案与题解:1. C 此处考查对固定搭配的掌握情况，只有account能与for 搭配，意为"解释"，其他三个选项的词都是及物动词，不与介词搭配。2. C 分析全句，此处应填一个宾语从句的引导词，从句中缺少宾语，故应填 what ，此句意为"去了解他们所感兴趣的东西"，其他三个选项均为关系副词，不能充当从句中的宾语。3. B 此处选 even 加强语气，"事实上，电脑甚至都没有兴趣"。4. A computer program 是常见搭配，意为"电脑程序"，其他选项与句意不符，故排除。5. B make se

49、nse 是固定搭配，意思是"有道理, 合理, 能被理解"。整句的意思为"当然人也有目标，但这些目标若被归在电脑身上便不合逻辑了"。6. C in order to 是固定搭配，表示目的，意为"为了"，故选 C。7. A 结合上下文我们得知，此处应填具有"寻找"含义的词，watch 没有此含义，首先被排除，C 选项后若加上 for ，便符合文意，search 有"搜寻，查找"的含义，但一般指深人彻底地调查，只 有 A 选项 find 在含义和语气上都符合句意。8. C 从下一句便可找到答案为 C

50、选项，give rise to 意为"引起，导致，使发生"。9. D 选择 D 意为"找到关于餐馆名字的信息"，其他选项放此处均不合适。10. D 此处需填一个谓语动词，因此要搞清主语"餐馆"与宾语"食物"之间的关系，只有"餐馆供应食物"合乎逻辑，故答案为 serve。11. A 上文提到了种种人生理的、智力上的、认知的目标，因为饿得到了有关餐馆的信息，因而此处要填"获取" ，B ，C，D 与文意不符。12. B 此空依然承接上文的意思，那些目标都是获取信息的目标，都是学习的

51、目标,答案为 B 选项。13. B 此处缺一个情态动词，阅读到后半句时便很容易选出答案，此处的 might 与后面 as a person might 相呼应，表示不确定的推测，意为"可能，也许"。14. D 能与 way 搭配的介词一般只有 in ，表示"以方式"，此处的含义为"与一个人可能想要做事的方式相同"。15. Aarise out of 是固定搭配，意为"起于"，即使不知道短语的含义，看到后面又出现一次 arise out of ，也应可以选出答案。*第九篇 The First Bicycle （综合B

52、） The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791，Count de Sivrac (1) _onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention ，a machine called the celeriferé. It was basically an (2) _version of a childrens toy which had been in (3) _ for many years. Sivrac's "celeriferé had a wooden frame，made in the (4) _ of a horse ，which was mounted on a wheel at either end. To ride it ，you sat on a small seat ，just like a modem bicycle ，and pushed (5) _ against the (6) _with your legsthere were no pedals. It was impossible to stee