英语口译基础教程--Unit-7-10

1、Unit 7P1Dialogue and cooperation among cultures and civilizations are some of the best ways to further understanding and tolerance among peoples. They help to avoid misunderstandings due to ideological, economic and cultural differences. Mistrust and ignorance among cultures and civilizations can be

2、 the source of tensions undermining peace in the world .Given the richness, diversity and long history of their respective cultures, Europe and Asia, determined to promote unity in diversity, are particularly committed to developing dialogue among their cultures and to protecting and promoting cultu

3、ral diversity in order to meet positively new globalization related challenges .在文化和文明之间开展对话与合作是不同民族间增进理解和包容的最好方式之一，它有助于避免意识形态、经济以及文化差异引起的误解。不同文化和文明间的互不信任和缺乏了解往往会造成紧张局面，危及世界和平。欧洲和亚洲各自都有丰富多彩、历史悠久的文化，有鉴于此，双方都坚定地在多样化中推动统一，致力于在文化间展开对话，保护和弘扬文化多样性，以积极面对全球化带来的新挑战。P 2Indian and Iranian civilizations enjoy a

4、n ancient coexistence. The two nations have experienced friendly relations at least 3500 years. Both civilizations, with their shared racial origin, descending from the Aryan tribes, and the abundant cultural affinities, played an active role in developing human civilization and neither was consider

5、ed a “marginal civilization”. In fact, the civilizations commonalities are unique and the frequent exchanges of visit by both countries educated people and common people have led to close relationship between the nations.印度文明和伊朗文明自古以来就相安共处。3500多年以来，两国一直保持着良好的关系。这两种文明拥有共同的种族渊源都起源于亚利安部落和众多的文化相似性，在人类文明

6、的发展中起到了积极的作用，都不是“边缘文化”。事实上，印度文明和伊朗文明有着许多独特的共性，两国知识分子和平民大众间频繁互访也在也在两国间建立起了密切联系。P 3中国和南非的友谊源远流长，可以追溯到公元16世纪。自1998年1月1日在中南两国建立外交关系以来，双边经贸合作和文化交流受到两国政府的高度重视；各种投资及合作项目雨后春笋般地在两国生根发芽。在经济全球化发展的格局中，中南两国之间的巨大互补性使得两国之间的交往和交流不仅成为一种可能，而且成为一种必然。The friendship between China and South Africa can be traced back to t

7、he sixth century. After the establishment of the formal diplomatic relationship between china and south Africa on January 1,1998, both governments have paid special attention to the bilateral trade cooperation and cultural exchanges. Many investment and cooperation projects have been rapidly set up

8、in both countries. With the globalization of the world economy, the complementation of South Africa and china not only makes the cooperation and exchanges between them possible, but also offers a definite historical choice.P 4金秋十月，肯尼迪中心将带给您崭新的中国表演艺术和文化体验。拥有上下五千年悠久历史和13亿人的中国，正以惊人的步伐迈入21世纪。正当这充满活力的中华文

9、明升起并闪耀在世界舞台之时，肯尼迪中心的“中国文化节”将向您展示这个国家传统与崭新的面貌，熟悉与神奇的风采。During the month of October, the Kennedy center is your destination for a groundbreaking experience in Chinese performing arts and culture. Rich with 5000 years of history and 1.3 billion people, China has moved into the 21st century at a breatht

10、aking pace. As this dynamic civilization catapults to prominence upon the world stage, the Kennedy Centers Festival of China reveals fascinating visions of the country that are ancient and new, familiar and exotic.Unit 8P1Today let me give you not a definition but a description of country music in t

11、he United States, first of all, the themes in country music are traditionally rural-oriented and very often southern. Second, the lyrics-or words of the song- are usually country simple and basic. The guitar is the main music instruments, too, but usually country music is built around the guitar. An

12、d the country singers voice traditionally had a nasal quality and often a southern or southwestern accent.今天，我要给你们讲的不是美国乡村音乐的定义，而是它的描述。首先，乡村音乐的主题是传统的，以乡村为题，经常指南方乡村音乐。其二，歌词通常简单明了。吉他是乡村音乐的主要乐器，你也能听到钢琴和其他乐器声，但乡村音乐通常以吉他为主。乡村音乐的歌手传统上带有鼻音，往往还带有南方或西南方口音。P2 In an age that haughtily made man the measures of

13、all things, Shakespeare betrayed the essential fragility of the species, defining humanity with the stories that continue to be our parable, both existentialist and romantic. His works are still the vessels of our dreams and thoughts. “Shall I compare thee to a summers day? ”A tale told by an idiot,

14、 full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. For the generations after him, Shakespeare would be both goad and god-not only the autocrat of the English language but a seer into what Coleridge called “the inferior nature” of human existence. We know little of Shakespeares interior life, and some even

15、 question his identity. But there is no need for pyramids or monuments. His monument is his name. Shakespeare is now the global code word for culture.在人类能够趾高气扬评判一切事物的时代，莎士比亚讲述了至今仍为我们所传颂的存在主义和浪漫主义故事，给人类重新定义，届时除了人类脆弱的本性。他的话语仍然是我们梦想和思想的导管。“我能把你夏天相比拟？”“人生不过是痴人说梦，充满喧嚣与哗动，却了无异议。”对于莎士比亚之后的一代又一代的人来说，他既催人奋进，

16、又令人望尘莫及，逼近英语无人匹敌，而且对于人类的本性的洞察入木三分。对于莎士比亚的内心世界，我们知之甚少，有人甚至怀疑是否确有其人。但是莎士比亚不需要金字塔，不需要纪念碑。他的纪念碑就是他的名字。莎士比亚已经是全球文化的代名词。P3电影节明星云集无疑是锦上添花的点睛之笔，但电影节最大的亮点无疑是成百部精心挑选的国际影坛佳作的集中放映。在入选的影片中，文艺片、商业片、独立制作的小成本影片甚至另类电影比比皆是，更有电影短片、纪录片的加入，影片展映可谓异彩纷呈，满足了境外嘉宾，电影专业人士以及广大影迷电影艺术的不同追求。电影节的影片放映不同于常规的影院业放映，它充分体现了电影的多元与多变，强化了电影

17、的艺术性和纯粹性，为那些追求卓越生活品质、享受艺术和崇尚艺术的人提供不可多得的机会。Numerous shining stars perfects the festival with glory, but the true focus of the film festival is the screening of excellent films selected from hundreds of films. These films include art films, commercial films, low-budget independent films, and also with

18、 the join in of short films and documentaries, the international panorama becomes much more diversified and splendid. The enriching selection is able to fulfill the multi needs of foreign guests, film specialist, and of course the local mass audience. Screenings during the festival is different from

19、 the usual box office line of screening. Festival screenings fully display the diversity and everchanging phases of films. The pureness and aesthetics of films are intensified, thus making it easier for people in persuasion of high quality life and artistic taste.P4在中国每星期的标准工作时间为40小时，如此可使工作的人有充分的时间娱

20、乐和进修。除体育和健身外，摄影、集邮、缝纫和园艺是大众喜爱的消遣。其他的爱好包括绘画、雕塑、木工及金属工。The standard work hours every week in china is 40 hours. This gives workers ample times for recreation and educational pursuits. In addition to sports and keep fit activities, photography, stamp collecting, needlework, and gardening are popular le

21、isure pursuits. Other hobbies people enjoy include painting, sculpture, wood and metal work.Unit 9P1 Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the way by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with gasses and smoke, poisons the water with chemicals and other substances,

22、and damages the soil with too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings in various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by scattering junk and litter on the land and in the water. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with disturbing nois

23、e. Nearly everyone causes pollution in some way.环境污染是指人们利用各种方式污染周围环境的一个术语。人们通过气体和烟雾来污染空气，用化学物质以及其他物质污染水源，还用大量的化肥和杀虫剂破坏土壤。人们还通过其他的方式污染着环境。例如，总有人往地面上和水里扔垃圾，破坏自然美。人们使用的一些机器和交通工具噪音很大。可以说，几乎每个人都在某种程度上对周围环境造成污染。P 2People may differ in what they consider to be a pollutant, on the basis of their assessment

24、of benefits and risks to their health and economic well-being. For example, visible and invisible chemicals spewed into the air or water from a plant nearby pose a danger to the people nearby and other animals and plants. However, if the installation of expensive pollution controls leads to the redu

25、ction of productivity, the unemployed might feel that the risks from polluted air and water are minor weighted against the benefits of profitable-some forms of air pollution might be a slight annoyance to a healthy person but life threatening to someone with emphysema or another respiratory disorder

26、.基于环境污染对人类健康和生活所带来的利弊的不同估计，人们对同一污染源持有不同的看法。例如，有形和无形的化学原料从附近的工厂排放到空气或水中，这对于附近的人和其他的生物构成危害。但是，如果该工厂因装置昂贵的控污的设备而导致生产成本提高，失业工人也许会觉得废气废水所造成的危险与拥有丰厚利润的工作相比真是微乎其微。同种程度的污染对不同的影响也不同。比如说，某些空气污染对于一个健康的人来说只是小烦恼，而对患有肺气肿或呼吸道疾病的人来说却是生死攸关的。P 3水污染使我们用来饮用和清洗的纯净新鲜的水资源不断减少，用于游泳、垂钓的水源也在减少。水污染源主要来自工业、农场以及排水系统。每年有数千万吨工业废物

27、被倾倒入水中，这些废物包括化学原料，来自动植物的废物，以及其他上百种废物。农场废物包括动植物排泄、化肥和杀虫剂。其中大部分物体都从田地里排除流入附近的水中。排水系统将来自每家每户，办公室和工业中的废水排出。Water pollution reduces the amount of pore, fresh water that is available for such necessities as drinking and cleaning, and for such activities as swimming and fishing. The pollutants that affect water come mainly from industries, farm, and sewerage systems. Industries dump millions of tons of waste products into bodies of water each year. These wastes include chemicals, wastes from animal and plant matter, and hundreds of other substances. Wastes rfrom farms include animal w