2018年高考英语通用版短文语法填空汇编解析版

1、2022高考英语通用版短文语法填空汇编解析版共 15页(2022高考选练)语法填空.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.(2022 淄博模拟)According to data from population reports and statistics madeby the World Bank, Japanese people in 2022 _1_ (live), on average, to 83 years old, and the country itself ranks _2_ the top five nations with the

2、 longest life expectancy ( 预期寿命)._3_ major contributor to Japan's high life expectancy and overall health is their diet, as determined by the country's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.According to a recent study _4_ (publish) by the BMJ, Japanese people5 kept on the traditional Japane

3、se diet during the 15 year study had a mortality rate (死亡率)15%lower than those who did not. Further, those who _6_ keep were also _7_ (little) likely to suffer from some diseases.Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare _8_ (break) the traditional Japanese diet downin their version of the

4、food pyramid, called the "Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top . Though the Japanese die t gives special _9(important) to high intakes of fish and soybean productsinstead of fats, it is _10_ (general) a balance of grains, vegetables, fish and meat, and milk and fruits. However, the guide also inclu

5、des snacks, sweets, cakes and alcoholic drinks, which can be consumedin control, rather than completely rejected.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇调查报告.日本位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首, 饮食是日本人长寿的主要原因.本文主要分析了日本传统饮食的特点以及国家对 国民饮食的指导.1. lived 考查动词的时态.根据时间状语“ in 2022 可知,谓语动词应用一般 过去时.故填lived .2. on/among考查介词.句意为：日本人 2022年的平均寿命是83岁,位居预期 寿命最长的

6、五个国家之首.on the top 意为“在顶部；此句也可理解为：位居 预期寿命最长的五个国家当中,用among故填on/among.3. A 考查冠词.空格处修饰名词“ contributor ,表示泛指,应用不定冠 词；且major的读音以辅音音素开头.故填 A.注意首字母大写.4. published考查非谓语动词.逻辑主语“ study与publish之间构成被动关系,因此应用所给词的过去分词形式作后置定语.故填 published.5. who/that考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词为“Japanese people,指人,从句中缺少主语.故填 who/t

7、hat .6. did 考查谓语动词的强调结构.根据上文中的“ had和“did not 可知, 此处应用一般过去时,谓语动词表示强调应借助于助动词did.故填did.7. less 考查副词的比拟级.根据句意及上文中的“ lower可知,此处应用形 容词little 的比拟级形式.故填less.8. breaks 考查动词的时态.本句主语是“ Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare,故谓语动词应用单数形式.本段表达的是客观事实,故 时态主要是一般现在时.故填breaks.9. importance考查词性转换.形容词"

8、special 应修饰名词.故填important 的名词形式 importance .10. generally考查词性转换.根据语境可知,日本饮食通常也是谷类、蔬菜类、鱼类、肉类以及牛奶和水果的一个平衡.generally意为“通常,在句中作状语.故填 generally.语法填空(2022 广州市综合测试一)There once was a forest filled with happyanimals. Oneday a raccoon (浣熊)found somesocks left behind by picnickers, and _1_ (decide) to wear the

9、m. They fitted so well, and felt so _2_(comfort), that he kept them on. He spent his days _3_ (walk) through the forest in his new socks.Other animals became envious of the raccoon's new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in 4 (shirt), then rabbits _5_ hats on, and finally birds

10、 wearing underpants!Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn the clothes wearers. 6 no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow the latest trend too.Soon, the problems started. A squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. A rabbit tried entering h

11、is hole while _7_(wear) his hat and got stuck. Eventhe raccoon, thanks to his bright coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.Whenthe 8 (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don't need _9. Those 10 listened to the doctor's ad

12、vice finally understood they didn't need clothes. They'd only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文讲述了一些动物纷纷效仿穿着袜子的浣熊,穿上各种各样的 衣服,结果却害了自己.1. decided 根据and可知,空处与found构成并列谓语,故应填过去式 decided.2. comfortable felt为系动词,本处应用形容词作表语,故填 comfortable

13、.3. walking spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事,故填现在分词walking.4. shirts 此处表示“穿着衬衫的松鼠,应用名词的复数形式,故填 shirts o5. with 本处用“ with +宾语+宾补的复合结构作rabbits的定语,表示“戴着帽子的兔子.6. But前后句之间为转折关系,故应填连词But.7. wearing当兔子戴着它的帽子尝试着进洞时,此处为状语从句的省略,原句应为 “ while he was wearing his hat .8. injured 此处表示“受伤的动物,应用形容词作定语.9. them句意：你们的衣服会要了

14、你的命,你们不需要它们.空处代指 “clothes ,填 them.10. who句意：那些听了医生建议的动物最终理解了它们并不需要衣服. 本处为定语从句,先行词为Those,本文拟人化,应用关系代词 whd(2022高考选练)语法填空.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.(2022 湖南六校联考)Every summer _1_ he was a boy, Satchin Panda would stay on _2_ grandparents' farm near Chandipur on the east coast of India.

15、 He lazed in a hammock(吊床),caught fish in the lake and climbed trees _3_ (pick) _ mangoes. His grandfather spent most of his 91 years there, _4_ (work)_i n his 20-acre field. He produced almost all that his wife and eightchildren needed. They _5_ (cook) what he grew; they sold a little rice_6_ bough

16、t salt. "He did that for his entire life , “ says Panda. "He travelled more than 100 km from his home perhaps eight or nine _7_(time). NowPanda's home 8 (be) thousands of miles away- a four-bedroom house in San Diego, California and he 9 (regular) jets around the world for work. "

17、If I'm within a distance of a five-hour 10 (fly) from India , he says,“I will go and see my mom and my sister. 【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了 Satchin Panda祖父母以前的生活和目前他自己的生活情况.1. when考查定语从句.句意为：当 Satchin Panda®是个小男孩时,每年夏天 他总会待在位于印度东海岸昌迪普尔附近的他祖父母的农场里.分析句子结构可 知,空格处引导定语从句,指代先行词“ Every summer,且在从句中作时间状 语,

18、故应用when引导该从句.故填when2. the/his考查定冠词/代词.根据下文可知,Satchin Panda是待在他祖父母的农场里,此处他祖父母的农场也可以看做是特指.故填 the/his .3. to pick考查非谓语动词.根据语境可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语,表明他爬树是为了摘芒果.故填to pick .4. working考查非谓语动词.分析句子结构可知,该句已经有谓语动词“spent,故work在此处应用非谓语动词形式；且 work与主语“Hisgrandfather 之间是主动关系,故应用 work的现在分词形式作伴随状语.故填 working .5. cooked考查动

19、词的时态.分析句子结构可知,空格处作谓语.根据上下文 的时态可知,此处描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时.故填 cookedo6. and考查连词.根据语境可知,卖点儿大米与买盐之间是并列关系,故应用 并列连词and连接.故填and.7. times 考查名词.分析句意可知,time在此处表示次数.eight or nine times意为“八九次,符合语境.故填 times.8. is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致.根据句中“ noW的提示可知,此处表达现 在的情况,应用一般现在时；且句子的主语是“ Panda's home,谓语应用第三 人称单数形式.故填is.9. regularly考

20、查词性转换.根据词法知识可知,此处用 regular的副词形式修饰动词“jets .故填regularly .10. flight考查词性转换.空格前的“five-hour 相当于形容词作定语.由此可知,此处需用名词,表示五小时的航程.故填 flight .语法填空2022 -长沙四校模拟二A recent study shows that most adults did household chores _1_(active) when they were young. Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before,

21、 _2_ same study shows.An expert sai d, “Parents today want their kids to spend more time _3_ things that can bring them money and honour. They have stopped _4_(do) _ the one thing that has proven to bring success. That is doing household chores. Another study finds that compared with the kids _5_ di

22、dn't _do household chores, young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely _6_(succeed). They had better family relationships, did better in school, performed better at work and were more independent.Personal happiness _7_(say) to come from strong relationships. It begins by learn

23、ing to be kind and _8_(help) to their parents at home.If your kids say they have to skip chores because it's time they9(deal) with their homework, you'd better not let them off the hook.If you do, your child may think grades are more important than caring about others. “What may seem like sm

24、all _10(message) at the moment add upto big ones over time , " says an expert.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文是说明文.一项研究说明,现在的大局部成年人小时候都做 过家务,而现在的大局部孩子不像以前的孩子那样做很多家务了.1. actively分析句子结构可知,空处修饰谓语动词,故要用副词形式actively .2. the 此处的“study就是上文提到的“ study ,故用定冠词the表示 特指.3. on 根据固定搭配spend sth. o

25、n sth. 可知,此处填介词on.4. doing 根据语境可知,这里说的是“停止做某事,而不是“停下来去 做某事,故用stop doing sth.5. who/that分析句子结构可知,空处在句中引导定语从句,先行词为kids ,关系代词在从句中作主语,因此本空填who/that .6. to succeed 此处是be likely to do sth. 句型,故用不定式.7. is said本句含有“be said +动词不定式结构,且这里说的是现在的一般情况,主语为 Personal happiness ,因此填is said .8. helpful本空应填形容词helpful与k

26、ind并列作表语.9. dealt/should deal It's time (that) .句型中,that 从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用一般过去式或“ should + do,其中should不可以省略.10. messages messaged可数名词,其前没有冠词,故要用其复数形式.(2022高考选练)语法填空.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.(2022 云南高中统一检测) Starbucks, an international coffee chain , is to offer its customers a discou

27、nt if _1_bring their own cups to have drinks at the cafe. This will start from April in the UK as a two-month trial and could go on if it is a _2(succeed). Customers who bring their own cups will get adiscount on almost all drinks. Starbucks states on its website , “Our plan focuses on three main ar

28、eas: reducing the waste of paper cups, increasing recycling rates _3 promoting the use of reusable cups. This 4 (decide) comesas a major victory for the campaign 5_ (reduce) the waste of paper cups. It was revealed(透露)earlier that 7 million paper cups are used in Britain every day, 6 means2.5 billio

29、ncups are throwninto dustbins each year. The coffeeshops make false claims of the numberof paper cups they actually recycle. That makes customers _7_ (wrong) believe that a coffee shop is environmentally friendly. But according to a recycling service in the UK, only 1 in 400 cups actually gets _8_ (

30、recycle) . One _9 the coffee drinkers said,“I am disappointed thatcafes recycle so little. I 10 (think) they were more responsible. Now I will bring my own cup. 【解题导语】国际咖啡连锁店Starbucks为顾客提供了这样一种效劳：如果顾客自带咖啡杯,咖啡店将提供打折的咖啡.此举在于减少使用纸杯带来的浪费, 从而保护环境.1. they 考查代词.根据该句中的“ customers"和"their 可知,空处指代 c

31、ustomers ,且在从句中作主语,故用代词 they.2. success 考查名词.根据空前的不定冠词 a可以判断,空处应用名词形式.3. and 考查连词.分析该句结构可知,句中的“ reducing the waste of paper cups" " increasing recycling rates 和 "promoting the use of reusable cups是并列关系,故用and连接.4. decision 考查名词.根据空前的代词 This可知,空处用名词形式.5. to reduce考查动词不定式.根据语境可知,减少纸杯浪费是活

32、动的目的,故用动词不定式.6. which 考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,空处 指代前面的整个句子,在从句中作主语,故用 which引导.7. wrongly 考查副词.空处修饰动词 believe ,故用副词形式.8. recycled考查过去分词.分析句子结构可知, cups和recycle之间是动宾关系.9. of 考查介词.根据该句中的“ One'和可数名词复数“ drinkers 可知,此 处为“one of +可数名词复数结构.10. thought 考查动词的时态.根据空后的 were和"NowI . 可知,这里陈 述的是过去发生的事情

33、,故用一般过去时.语法填空2022 陕西省教学质检二I drove to a local supermarket the other day.My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I _1_ pay for it all.As I walked into the door, I saw a manwith kind _2

34、_ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was _3_collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed mea second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store. I really wanted to help, _4_ wa

35、sn't sure if I could this time.I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item ( 项)off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart ( 购物车)I wondered again _5_ I even ha

36、d enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the food bank list under it. I smiled and _6_ (decide) to trust my heart.With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put 7 (they) in my cart. It took another

37、 six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times8 (large) whenI did. And wheneverything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a _9_ (child) hungry stomach. _10_ (kind)_can change

38、 another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文是记叙文.一天,作者开车去当地的一家超市购物的过程中 做了一件好事.1. could 句意：我停好车,低头看了看我的清单,希望自己可以付得起. 根据句意,此处表示“能够,可以,且此处讲述过去的事情,故用情态动词can的过去式could .2. e

39、yes句意：当我进门时,我看到一个眼神友善又面带温和笑容的人. 一个人有两只眼睛,且空前无冠词或所有格,故用 eye的复数形式.3. collecting 句意：他说他在为一个当地的食物赈济处募集 食物.根 据空前的“ waS'和collect与主语he之间是主动关系可知,此处应用过去进行 时,故填 collecting .4. but句意：我真的想帮助,但是不确定这次是否能做到.前后分句之间 是转折关系,故填but “但是.5. if/whether 句意：当我低头看着满满的购物车时,我又一次想知道我 是否有足够的钱来支付.wondered后是一个宾语从句,从句成分完整,此处表示 “

40、是否",故填 if/whether .6. decided 句意：我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心.and连接两个并列的谓语,故应做decided与smiled并列.7. them put 后的宾语指的是 two of the biggest boxes of rice ,故用 they 的宾格形式them.8. larger 句意：但是我这样做时,我感觉我的心是原来的六倍大.虽然 句中没有than ,但是根据语境可知,此处有比拟的意味,倍数表达法中,三倍及 以上用“基数词+ times +比拟级+than 表示,故用larger.9. child's 句意：几美元就能帮助填满一个

41、孩子饥饿的胃.空后是名词 stomach,所给提示词是child ,空前是不定冠词a,故此处应该用child的所有 格形式.10. Kindness 句意：善行能够改变另一个人的一天和生活.空处作句子的 主语,因此要用kind的名词形式kindness “善行.注意首字母大写.2022高考选练语法填空.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个或者3个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.2022 湖南省六校联盟联考Have you ever noticed that you feel happier and more relaxed after you eat bread, pasta or fruit

42、? Do you find that you are more energetic and awakeafter eating yogurt or beans? These things are not accidents. Food affects _1_ wefeel more than wethink. Scientists researching _2_ (it) effect on our moodsare beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.Although our

43、moods relate _3_ having various food, it is not quite as simple as choosing the food for the right occasions. If that _4_ (be) the case, athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race. Another chemical _5_ (connect) with our moods is caffeine, which _6_ (find) in coffee, chocolate and m

44、anytypes of tea, and it is perhaps _7_ worst thing you and have when you are feeling stressed.Of course, _8_ (enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.Most 9 (important), though, remember t

45、he following old rule: try to eat different food, _10_ not too much.【解题导语】我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响.因此,我们要尝试吃不同的食物,但是不要吃太多.【段意梳理】第一段：研究发现,我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响. 第二段：为不同的场合选择适宜的食物不是一件简单的事. 第三段：在有压力时吃含有咖啡因的食品是最糟糕的选择. 第四段：和家人及朋友共进美食,无论吃什么,都让我们快乐. 第五段：最重要的是尝试吃不同的食物,但是不要吃太多.1. how考查宾语从句.分析该句结构可知,空处引导定语从句,由“ we feel

46、more than we think 可知,从句不缺成分；结合语境可以判断,应用疑问副词 how引导该从句.2. its 考查代词.由名词effect可知,应用形容词性物主代词its .3. to 考查动词短语.relate to 为固定搭配,意为“和有关系.4. were 考查虚拟语气.根据该句中的“ athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates be fore a race 可知,该句为虚拟语气,表示对目前情况的虚 拟,故从句谓语动词用过去式were.5. connected 考查过去分词.chemical和connect为动宾关系,故用过去分

47、词 短语作后置定语.6. is found 考查动词时态和语态.此处 which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词 为caffeine ,和find之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态；此处是对客观情况的描 述,应用一般现在时.7. the 考查定冠词.根据空后的形容词最高级 worst可知,空处应用the.8. enjoying考查非谓语动词.分析该句结构可知,此处为动名词短语在句中作主语.9. importantly考查副词.空处修饰全句,故用副词形式.10. but/yet考查连词.根据语境可知,尝试吃不同的食物,但是不要吃太多.根据句意可知,空处应用转折连词.语法填空(2022 合月巴市第一次质检)

48、SammyArmstrong was driving to his office when he 1 (notice) a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran toward the car.2 elderly man, Jean Papich, eighty-four, sat in the driver's seat, 3 (turn) the key and hitting the gas.

49、His wife, Marion, seventy-eight, was looking _4_ (nervous) at him. Then Sammywalked _5_ the car and pushed it forward, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt ( 沥青).He could see the train approaching fast.It might be _6_ (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of

50、 the vehicle and shouted at Jean _7_ (put) the car in neutral (空挡).Sammytould feel the ground trembling under his feet.He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully.Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of 8 (foot) away. Sammy,shocked an

51、d 9 (speech), went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene.Weeks later, Mario n called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I just did10 I had to do. 1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文.SammArmstrong在开车上班的路上解救了一 辆卡在铁轨上的汽车.1. noticed文章的整体时态为过去时,且主句中用的是过去进行时,故填noticed.2. An manft文中第一次提到,

52、应用不定冠词,且 elderly的读音以元音音 素开头,故填An.3. turning空处与句子主语之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作伴随状语,并与hitting 并列,故填turning .4. nervously副词作状语修饰动词,故填 nervously .5. behind 根据下文的“pushed it forward 可知,此处表示走到车的后 面推车,故填behind.6. easier根据语境可知,向前推车不好推,所以他想向后面推可能更容易,故填easier.7. to put此处为不定式作宾补,他向老人喊让老人挂空挡,故填 to put o8. feet a couple of 后

53、跟可数名词的复数形式.故填 feet .9. speechless 与 shocked 并歹!J,根据语境可知,应填 speechless 010. what分析句子结构可知,空处引导的从句作 did的宾语,且空处在从句中充当do的宾语,故填what.(2022 湖南常德市高三 3 月模拟测试)Imagine life as a game in which you are playing some five balls in the air.You name _1_(they)work, family ,health , friends and spirit , and you' re

54、 keeping all these balls in the air. You understand that work is a rubber ball.If you drop it, it will bounceback.But the other four balls are made of glass.If you drop one of them,it will be scuffed(磨损),damagedor even broken into _2_(piece). Theywill never be the same.You must understand the balanc

55、e in your life.How?DoH t compare yourself with others.It is because we are different and each of us 3 (be) special.Don ' t set your goals by what other people consider important.Only you know _4is be st for you.Don ' t give _5when you still have something to give.Nothing is really over until

56、 the moment you stop _6_(try). Knowledge is weightless , 7_ treasureyou can always carry _8_(easy). Don' t run through life so fast thatyou forget n ot only where you ' ve been , where you are , but also where you _9_(go).Life is not a race , but a journey to _10_(enjoy) slowly each step of

57、the way.Yesterday is history , tomorrow is a mystery , and today is a gift.That ' s why we call it the present.【语篇导读】文章旨在说明：生活中我们一定要处理好工作、家庭、健康、朋友和精神这五者之间的平衡关系.1. them 考查代词.name!叫 名字,是个动词,后面用宾格形式.2. pieces 考查名词复数.如果你扔掉他们其中的一个,就会碎成片3. is考查主谓一致.句意：由于我们是独一无二的,每个人都是特别的.each of us作主语,谓语动t用单数形式.4. what 考查宾语从句.句意：只有你知道什么对你来说是最好的.5. up 考查动词短语.give up 放弃.6. trying 考查v. 一 ing形式作宾语.stop doing停止做某事.7. a 考查冠词.句意：知识是无形的,一种可以随身携带的财富.表示泛 指.8. easily考查副词.easily 用来修饰carry.9. are going/are to go/will go考查动词的时态.句意：不要让生活过得如何快,这样你就忘记你去过哪,你在哪和你将要去哪.10. be