高中英语选修8unit2 Reading

1、 Unit 2 RobotsReading Whats a robot? A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. They are programmed and controlled by a computer. Lets look at some pictures and see what robots can look like.Robots can be made into all kinds of things.What can robots do?Pre-readin

2、gRobotsPlay with humanSecretary Do dangerous workHouseworkAnd so onTypes of robots Industrial robots used in manufacturing Domestic robots such as vacuum cleaners and lawn mowers; Entertainment robots such as toys and those in theme parks; Robots used in toxic waste clean-up and in underwater and sp

3、ace exploration; Do you think it is possible for a robot to: think for itself have feelings have its own needs and desires look and feel like a human beingReadingSatisfaction Guaranteed Asimovs first law for robots: A robot must not injure human being or allow them to be injured. In this case the in

4、jury is not a physical one but a psychological one.About the writer: Isaac AsimovRead the text quickly and answer the following questions:Skimming What is the text mainly about?It is mainly about how a robot used for housework was tested out in a family.2. What did the robot called Tony look like?He

5、 looked like a tall and handsome man, speaking in a deep voice, with smooth black hair and his facial expression unchanged. Because he wanted to test out how a robot was used for housework in a family.3. Why did Larry put Tony into his family?How many characters are mentioned ?Who are they? What are

6、 they?what is the relation between them?Larry BelmontClaireTony Gladys ClaffernA robotOne of the richest and most powerful women around.employed in a company that makes robotshousewife couplewas to be tested out by Claire in their familya woman that Claire enviesMake a list of what the robot Tony di

7、d during the experiment. did houseworkPrevented Claire from being harmed (example) helped Claire make herself and her home elegant by helped Claire be enviedby other womengave her advice on how to decorate her house gave her a new haircut andchanged the makeup she woreThe change of Claires feeling t

8、o Tonyunwilling to accept proud of himalarmed,disturbed and frightened embarrassed, disturbed and frightened trust fall in loveHow did Claire feel? What happened?She saw Tony was _ and _. His hair was _ and _and his voice was _.Tony asked whether she needed help dressing. amazedBy his _ and the _ an

9、d _of his skin.Tony caught her in time, held her firmly in his arms .alarmedtallhandsomesmoothblackdeepembarrassedfingernailssoftnesswarmthhappy, shy, surprisedCareful readingHow did Claire feel? What happened?Tony folded his arms around her, bending his face close to hers and declared that he didnt

10、 want to leave her and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.She was envied by those women.She remembered Tony was just a machine.surprisedhappysad. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired a robot to accompany his wife Claire. 2. Claire didnt like the idea at the beginning, b

11、ut at last she agreed to it. 3. When Tony offered to help dressing, Claire was pleased to accept it. But she thought it was surprising for a robot to be so human.T1FFTrue or False4. Tony could understand Claire when she said she was not clever.5. Claires husband wanted to improve his social position

12、, but she was sorry she could do nothing to help him.6. Tony was eager to help Claire. He scanned quite a lot of books in the library, but he could find no ways out.TT F7. Tony asked Claire to go the town to buy things he needed to improve the house.8. It was Claire that first decided to invite Glad

13、ys and her friends to her house.9. While Tony worked on the improvements of the house, Claire also did her part.1FTF10. Claires guests were filled with admiration when they saw her house was completely changed.11. Claire was very happy to find that Gladys envied her.12. The company was satisfied wit

14、h Tonys report because he had successfully made a woman fall in love with him.TTF1. Why did Larry bring a robot back home?A. To help his wife. B. To test out the robot.C. To accompany his wife. D. For entertainment.- 本题旨在帮助大家练习主旨大意归纳能力。本题旨在帮助大家练习主旨大意归纳能力。 主旨归纳忌讳面面俱到追求理解的彻底完美。主旨归纳忌讳面面俱到追求理解的彻底完美。可采用扫

15、读可采用扫读, 跳读跳读(scan, skim)。For the main idea. B Listen to the text carefully. answer the questions:2. What kind of robot was Tony?A. an industrial robot B. an entertainmentC. a robot that can carries out jobs in the houseD. a robot that can carries out jobs in the shop3. Who did Claire turn to for hel

16、p when a sales man was rude to her in the shop.A. Tony B. her husbandC. The manager of the shop D. Gladys 4. Why did Gladys envy Claire? Because _.A. she had a handsome friend B. she was beautifulC. she was rich D. she is powerfulFor details C A A 5. Why should Tony be rebuilt? Because _. A. he harm

17、s people B. it can not help the housewife in the family C. it is too frightening D. we can not have women falling in love with machinesMake inference D 1. Claires feelings toward Tony changed as the story developed. Read the story, then fill in the occasions when Claire had these feelings. Comprehen

18、ding Exercise 1OccasionsClaire1disliked him 2 When he arrivedwas alarmed 3 felt embarrassed 4 admired him Before he arrived When he offered to help her dressWhen he offered to help her improve her house and herselfOccasionsClaire5called him a dear 6felt his warmth 7 felt being envied 8 cried all nig

19、ht When he helped her with the salesmanWhen she fell off a ladder and caught by Tony When she heard Gladys whispering to another woman that she had never seen anyone so handsome as Tony.She remembered Tony was just a machine.Read the story again and answer the following questions in groups.1. Why di

20、d Tony open the curtains? Exercise 2He wanted Claires guests to see him and Claire together so that she would be envied by women guests.2. What did Tony do to prevent Claire from being harmed? By making her feel good about herself. He helped her make her and her home elegant so that she would not fe

21、el like a failure.3. Why did Tony have to be rebuilt?Because the company felt that it could not have women falling love with a robot.5. Claire spent three weeks with Tony in her house. What sentences in the story show that she kept forgetting and then remembering that he was a machine?How absurd, sh

22、e thought. He was just a machine. He held her firmly in his arms and she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed, pushed him away and ran to her room for the rest of the day. Then she remembered Tony was just a machines. She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed.In groups, list Tonys charact

23、eristics that were similar to and those different from those of a human being.CharacteristicsSimilar DifferentPhysicalMentalExercise 3CharacteristicsSimilarDifferentPhysicalLooks like a human being. Body and skin soft and warm. Hair and fingernails realistic. Voice like a humans.Facial expressions n

24、ever change. Quicker reactions (She fell off a ladder and even though Tony was in the next room, he managed to catch her in time.)CharacteristicsSimilarDifferentMentalAble to make suggestions and predictions. Able to make a plan and follow it through. Has good communication skills.Behaviour not appr

25、opriate (Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing) Which law is the story “Satisfaction Guaranteed” based on?2. What might happen in a world where there were robots if Asimovs three laws did not exist? Discussion阿西莫夫机器人三大定律：阿西莫夫机器人三大定律： 机器人不得伤害人类机器人不得伤害人类, ,或看到人

26、类受到伤害而袖手旁观；或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观； 在不违反第一定律的前提下在不违反第一定律的前提下, ,机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令； 在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下, ,机器人必须尽力保护自己。机器人必须尽力保护自己。1. desire v.1) 渴望渴望; ;希望希望(做某事做某事): desire to do sth.2) 要求某事要求某事 3) 要求要求(请求请求)某人做某事某人做某事desire thatdo/should do; desire sb. to do sth.我请您立即回信。我请您立

27、即回信。 I desire _ of yours.我们希望有个好结果。我们希望有个好结果。 _去请他进来。去请他进来。_an immediate answer We desire to have a good result. Please desire him to come in.Language Points 他们要求你马上回来。他们要求你马上回来。They desire _.that you should come at oncedesire n. (1) 愿望愿望; 欲望欲望 (2) 要求要求 (3) 食欲食欲 (4) 向往的东西向往的东西他有强烈的求知欲。他有强烈的求知欲。He ha

28、s _.a strong desire for knowledge / to learnmeet ones desirehavefeel a great desire forat ones desire满足某人的欲望满足某人的欲望渴望渴望照某人希望照某人希望2. satisfaction n. ( opp. dissatisfaction)1) 满足满足; 满意满意; 舒服舒服 (at; with) 2)令人满意的事物令人满意的事物 我听了这个消息非常满意。我听了这个消息非常满意。 I heard the news _.with great/ much satisfactionsatisfy

29、vt.satisfied adj.satisfying adj.satisfactory adj.满足满足; 使满足使满足满意的满意的; 满足的满足的令人满意的令人满意的令人满意的令人满意的She smiled with great satisfaction.the satisfactions of doing work 工作的乐趣工作的乐趣v. satisfyIts not easy to satisfy him.adj. satisfied satisfying 令人满意的令人满意的I am satisfied with the result of the exam.The result

30、of the exam is satisfying. adj. satisfactory 满意的满意的/良好的良好的/圆满的圆满的Its a satisfactory excuse for his absence. express ones satisfaction at/ withfind satisfaction in to sbs satisfaction/ to the satisfaction of sb. with satisfaction对对表示满意表示满意对对感到满意感到满意到使某人满意的程度到使某人满意的程度满意地满意地3. test out 考验考验 test vt. ex

31、amine and measure the qualities 考验考验; 试验试验; 测验测验 The long climb tested (out ) our powers of endurance. 这次长距离爬山考验了我们的耐力。这次长距离爬山考验了我们的耐力。 She tested the whole class on irregular verbs. 她对全班学生进行了不规则动词的测验。她对全班学生进行了不规则动词的测验。test n. examination or trial of the qualities, 考验考验; 试验试验; 测验测验; 化验化验She left her

32、 purse on the table as a test of the childs honesty.She gave the students a test in math yesterday. an eye test 眼睛检查眼睛检查 a blood test 验血验血4. alarm n. 警报警报; 惊慌惊慌; 恐慌恐慌 火灾引起很大恐慌。火灾引起很大恐慌。 _The fire caused much alarm.give/raise/sound the alarmtake (the) alarm ata fire alarma false alarmair alarmwater l

33、evel alarm发警报发警报; 敲警钟敲警钟对对感到吃惊感到吃惊;火警火警虚惊一场虚惊一场空袭警报空袭警报水位警告水位警告alarm vt. 使警觉使警觉; 惊动惊动; 使惊慌使惊慌不要惊慌不要惊慌 Dont alarm yourself.be alarmed at (the news) 被被(那消息那消息) 吓了一跳吓了一跳.be alarmed for (the safety of )放心不下放心不下; 担心担心(的安全的安全)完成句子完成句子:1) A small boy saw the smoke and _ (发出警报发出警报).2) _ (人人都感到惊恐人人都感到惊恐) the

34、 news that war might break out.raised the alarmEverybody was alarmed at5. smooth adj. 平坦的平坦的; 平滑的平滑的; 顺利的顺利的 路平坦了路平坦了/困难扫除了。困难扫除了。 _ vt. 使使光滑光滑, 平坦或顺利平坦或顺利 用熨斗把这件衣服熨平。用熨斗把这件衣服熨平。 _ smoothly adv. 平稳地平稳地; 顺利地顺利地 一切进展顺利。一切进展顺利。 _The way is now smooth.Smooth this dress with a hot iron.Everything went sm

35、oothly. 6. embarrass vt. 使困惑使困惑; 使局促不安使局促不安销路下降使公司陷于财政困难销路下降使公司陷于财政困难.The decline of sales _.在生人面前局促不安在生人面前局促不安embarrass sb. with sth./ by doing sth. 做做使某人尴尬使某人尴尬/害羞害羞/窘迫窘迫 不要问隐私不要问隐私, 会让他们觉得不好意思会让他们觉得不好意思 Dont _ (by asking) personal questions.embarrassed the companybe/ feel embarrassed in the prese

36、nce of strangersembarrass them withembarrassed adj. 尴尬的尴尬的, 难堪的难堪的, 害羞的害羞的他对我衣服的评论使我很尴尬。他对我衣服的评论使我很尴尬。 _ by his comments about my clothes.embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的使人尴尬的; 令人难堪的令人难堪的你什么时候最尴尬你什么时候最尴尬? What has been your _?I was embarrassedmost embarrassingmoment7. sympathyn. 同情同情; 同感同感; 同情心同情心相关短语：相关短语：e

37、xpress sympathy for 慰问慰问feel sympathy for, have sympathy for 同情同情in sympathy with 同情同情; 赞成赞成; 跟着跟着; 和和一致一致out of sympathy for have no / some sympathy with sb /sth 不支持不支持 / 支持某人支持某人/ 某事某事 出于对出于对的同情的同情 翻译翻译:我确信她一定赞成你的建议。我确信她一定赞成你的建议。(in sympathy with)Im sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.

38、我不同意他的意见。我不同意他的意见。(have no sympathy with)I have no sympathy with him.我同情你。我同情你。(sympathize)I sympathize with you.8. pile n. 堆堆; 摞摞; 叠叠 v. 堆起堆起; 堆积堆积a pile of / piles of = lots of 成堆的成堆的/ /成批的成批的pile up 增多增多; 积累积累; (车辆车辆) 相碰相碰There were a pile of magazines on the desk .Ive got piles of work to do thi

39、s evening .The fallen leaves piled up. 堆积堆积9. with wonder: 疑惑地疑惑地 with + n 作状语作状语 with surprise / embarrassment / fear 10. reach for / reach out ones hand for He reached out his hand for an apple. n. reachwithin ones reach out of ones reach= beyond ones reach 11. accompany v. 1) to go / stay with Id

40、 like you to accompany me to the supermarket.What accompanies him is always a dog.2) to exist at the same time 和和一起发生一起发生 Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 12. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 1) 倒装句倒装句: Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks.In rushed the boys! A. 谓语是谓语

41、是 go, come, run,等表示位置转移的动词和等表示位置转移的动词和 be动词，动词，B. 句中有表示方位的副词句中有表示方位的副词 there, here, up, down , in, out, away 等，等， 为强调该副词为强调该副词, 可将副词置于句首可将副词置于句首, 但要注意：但要注意： There came the bus! Here he is ! 若主语是名词若主语是名词, 用倒装用倒装; 若是代词若是代词, 则不倒装。则不倒装。2) turn around 转身转身; 回转回转; 旋转旋转;好转好转, 有起色有起色 他突然转过身来他突然转过身来, 看见了我。看见

42、了我。 _ _All of a sudden he turned around/aboutand saw me.turn aboutturn againstturn awayturn onturn offturn out转身转身; 转向转向; 调向调向背叛背叛; 反抗反抗, 使对抗使对抗把把(脸脸)转过去转过去; 抛弃抛弃开开(电灯电灯, 收音机收音机, 自来水自来水)解雇解雇; 关掉关掉; 使失去兴趣使失去兴趣结果是结果是; 证明是证明是; 生产生产(产品产品)13. affair n. 事情事情/ 暧昧关系暧昧关系/ 私通私通 pl 业务业务/ 事务事务/ 事态事态Affairs at p

43、resent in that country are unsettled.那个国家当前的局势动荡不安那个国家当前的局势动荡不安.Big countries dont try to direct the affairs of other countries.current/foreign/world affairs 时事时事/外交事务外交事务/ 世界事务世界事务 affairs of state 国事国事/ 国务国务/ 政务政务14. declare vt. 宣布宣布; 声明声明; 表明表明; 说明说明; 宣称宣称1) declare +n. 宣告宣告 他们将很快宣布选举的结果。他们将很快宣布选

44、举的结果。 _ _2) declare+n.+(to be) n./ adj. 宣布宣布为为 裁判宣布他为比赛的冠军。裁判宣布他为比赛的冠军。 _ _They will declare the results of the election soon.The judge declared him (to be) the winner of the competition. 我宣布这次会议开始我宣布这次会议开始. _3) declare +(that)从句从句宣称宣称; 声称声称 她宣称她是对的她宣称她是对的. _I declared this conference (to be) open.S

45、he declared (that) she was right.declare war on/ upon 对对宣战宣战declare against 声明反对声明反对declare for (in favour of) 声明赞成声明赞成15. more than + n 不仅仅是不仅仅是, 不止不止Student Times is more than a newspaper. It helps us to learn English.What he wants is more than money. more than + adj / adv / v 很很 / 非常非常He is more

46、than scared of cats.more + adj / adv / n / v + than 与其说与其说, ，不如说，不如说He is more scared than ill. 他与其说是病了他与其说是病了, 倒不如说他是受了惊吓。倒不如说他是受了惊吓。16. It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains 强调句强调句 It is / was + 强调部分强调部分 + that / who + 其他其他 It is not where you come from or what you are

47、, but the ability to do the job_ matters. A. one B. that C. what D. it It was after the invention of printing _to publish large numbers of books and pictures. A. were people able B. that people were able C. when were people able D. people were able B B 17. impress sb with sth impress sth on / upon s

48、b make an impression on sb 这位姑娘既活泼又有幽默感这位姑娘既活泼又有幽默感, 给这位男孩留给这位男孩留下了深刻的印象。下了深刻的印象。The girl impressed the boy with her liveliness and sense of humor.他的话铭记在我心里。他的话铭记在我心里。His words was impressed on me.他给我留下了深刻的印象。他给我留下了深刻的印象。He made a strong impression on me.18. envy vt. & n. 忌妒忌妒; 羡慕羡慕1) envy+sb.(for s

49、th.)2) envy sb. sth. 忌妒忌妒/羡慕某人某事羡慕某人某事 我真羡慕您！我真羡慕您！ _ 他们羡慕我们的成功他们羡慕我们的成功. _ envy sb. doing sth. 羡慕某人做某事羡慕某人做某事 be in envy of ones success 羡慕某人的成功羡慕某人的成功 envy at / of sth. 对某事物的忌妒对某事物的忌妒/羡慕羡慕How I envy you! They envied us for our success.I dont envy him his money problems.我庆幸自己没有他那些金钱的麻烦。我庆幸自己没有他那些金钱

50、的麻烦。He couldnt conceal his envy of me. 他遮掩不住对我的忌妒。他遮掩不住对我的忌妒。Her many talents were the envy of all her friends.她多才多艺她多才多艺, 所有的朋友都很羡慕她。所有的朋友都很羡慕她。归纳拓展归纳拓展: envious adj. be envious of = be jealous of 我羡慕我羡慕Tom的成功。的成功。Im envious of / jealous of Toms success.I envy Toms success. I envy Tom his success. 19. leavealone 不管不管; 不打扰不打扰; 让让独自待着独自待着 不要动我的书。不要动我的书。 _ 由我来做吧。由我来