【备考高考】高考英语专题复习任务型阅读(附答案)

1、任务型阅读（附答案 ）一、高中英语任务型阅读1 Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Spacewalk!Most people don't know that the anniversary of an important event in space explorati

2、on occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity （EVA） or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that i

3、s vital for the success of manned space missions.In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomesfirm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerou

4、sly sick after returning to their spacecraft.Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EVAs. On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the

5、 first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity about 17 percent of Earth's, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon's surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from

6、the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren't the only danger to astronauts.The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles （颗 粒 ） left over from the numerous meteorite （陨石 ） strikes on the moon. Whenastronauts would leave the moon's g

7、ravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut's eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, new EVA suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astrona

8、uts safe also means keeping their suits clean.A. However, EVAs don't just happen in empty space.B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail.C. Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk.D. Unfortunately, most people have no idea about space

9、 exploration or spacesuits.E. Without the ability to work in space, we are unable to keep our space programs functional.F. There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective 【答案】F； C； A； B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。1965年3月18日，宇航员阿列克谢列奥诺夫成为完成舱外活动（EVA）第一人。现在，宇航员穿着现代宇航服

10、在太空从事许多复杂的工作。为 了保证宇航员的安全，新宇航服的设计也有更高的要求。（ 1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后" In space, a spacesuit must protectpeople from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide." 可知宇航服必须保护人们免受极冷和极热的伤害，提供空气，并去除多余的二氧化碳。F.There are a few things that must be taken into account t

11、o make an EVA both safe and effective “为了使舱外活动在太空中既安全又有效，有几件事必须被考虑进去”承接上文，afew things 就是指后文的protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, andremove extra carbon dioxide. 故选F。（ 2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“T oo much of it, and the spacesuitbecomes firm and difficult to move in. Too li

12、ttle of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft. 可知（气压）太高的话，宇航服就会变硬，很难穿进 ”去。如果（气压）过低，宇航员回到飞船后可能会生病。连接下文，C. Spacesuits alsohave to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk. “宇航服还必须在（宇航员）太空行走时保持理想的气压。”切题。C项的air pressure与下文的代词it相呼应。故选C。（ 3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断

13、能力。根据空前"Astronauts now perform complexjobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits" 可知宇航员现在穿着现代宇航服，在空旷的太空中从事复杂的工作；再根据空后“ On Juyl20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrongset foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity 可知除了在太空工作，19

14、69 年美国宇航员阿姆斯特朗第一次登上月球。承上启下，月球上没有大气，但有地球引力。A. However, EVAs don't just happen in empty space. “然而，舱外活动并不只是发生在广阔的太空中。”切题，故选A。（ 4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"The moon surface is covered with afine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles （颗粒 ） left over from the numerous meteorite （陨石）

15、strikes on the moon" 可知月球表面覆盖着一种灰尘，这种灰尘由撞上月亮的陨石留下的小颗粒组成的。承接上文，B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing jointsand seals to fail. “它可以粘在任何东西上，最终导致连接和密封（的东西）没法用。”切题。 B 项的 it 代指前文的a fine and flour-like dust 。选B。【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。2 Read the passage carefully. Fill in each

16、blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.If you shower before bed, you've probably wondered whether sleeping with damp hair is a problem. Maybe you've heard it could make you sick, or that it can

17、damage your hair or skin.What's the truth? Let's address the "it can make you sick" myth first. "" says Dr.William Schaffner, a professor of medicine. While this idea persists, Schaffner says it was long ago disproved. It's true that you're much more likely to cat

18、ch a common cold during the winter months. But this has to do with the ways respiratory （呼吸的 ） viruses spread, he says.Illness-causing bacteria and viruses don't appear naturally, and so you're not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little damp at night, Schaffner says. But

19、there is a possible exception. Some research has shown that pillows especially those made with synthetic materials can contain asthma- or allergy-triggering molds （哮喘或致敏菌） and fungus, whichtend to do well in damp environments, and so do dust mites, says Dr. Payel Gupta, a spokesperson for the Americ

20、an Lung Association.Gupta says there's no evidence that people who sleep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms. But if you wake up with a stuffy nose, itchy or watery eyes,breathing problems or other allergy or asthma symptoms or even if you don't you should wash your pill

21、ow cases and sheets in hot water at least once a week to reduce your exposure to any potential irritants （刺激物）.When it comes to the health of your hair and skin, there may be a few other reasons to worry about wet hair. "Generally, it's thought not to be good for hair to sleep with it wet,&

22、quot; says Dr. George Cotsarelis, a professor of dermatology （皮肤病学）, ""It's also worth noting that almost anything you do to your hair from brushing and blow-drying it to coloring it or exposing it to the sun can damage it.A. Hence, any concerns about wet hair are theoretical.B. In som

23、e cases, wet hair may actually be a helpful sleep aid.C. Over time, it can lead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine.D. There may be some mild risks associated with going to bed with wet hair.E. Another wet-hair rumor （谣传） is the idea that harmful bacteria will colonize your pillow.F. This idea

24、seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold.【答案】F； E； A； C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人们普遍认为湿着头发睡觉不利于健康，但是毫无科学依据，但湿头发睡觉对头发有不利影响。（ 1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ While this idea persists, Schaffnersays it was long ago disproved. 可知，尽管这个观点仍然存在

25、，但是很久之前就被证明是错 ”误的， F. This idea seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold. “这个观点似乎和旧的观念相融合，这一观念认为感受到冷和湿润很可能会感冒”，承接下文，切题，故选F。（ 2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ Illnes-scausing bacteria and virusesdon't appear naturally, and so yo

26、u're not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little damp at night, Schaff ner says. 可知，致病病菌不会自然出现，因此，不用因为打湿了一点枕 ”头就觉得会感冒，E. Another wet-hair rumor （谣传 ） is the idea that harmful bacteria willcolonize your pillow. “关于湿头发的谣言就是细菌会占满你的枕头”，后文对这个观点进行了反驳，切题，故选E。（ 3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前

27、“ Guptasays there's no evidence thatpeople who sle ep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms 可知，没有证据”表明因为湿头发睡觉更有可能过敏或者风湿症状，A. Hence, any concerns about wet hairare theoretical. “因此，任何关于湿头发的担忧都是理论上的”，没有实际意义，开启下文，切题，故选A。（ 4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“ Generally, it's thought not t

28、o be goodfor hair to sleep with it wet 可知，一般说来，湿头发睡觉对头发不好， ”C. Over time, it canlead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine. “长时间这样的话，头发容易断，无光泽”，承接上文，切题，故选C。【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。3 任务型阅读Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the

29、box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Most parents know that they need life insurance. But many would rather have a root canal than shop for the best life insurance policy.“ People don't think about, What will my family do if I am gone and

30、 not earning a living?'Peter Katt, a fee-only life insurance adviser.“ The whole point of this kind of planning is to providethe family with maximum flexibili ty so they're not stuck.”Planning for your death is not a cheerful topic. Too often, parents make a quick decision, ignoring importan

31、t considerations. Among their mistakes one is that they do not buy enough life insurance. “ They don't thiantkththe person who is not bringing in an income needs lifeinsurance,” says Greg Daugherty, executive editor of Consumers Union. But if that person dies,the other parent can't stop work

32、ing and usually has to pay someone to help care for the family.Katt recommended that one young couple should buy $3 million for the husband who earns $100,000 a year and $1 million for the stay-at-home wife.At the same time, many families rely on employer-provided life insurance, but employer- provi

33、ded coverage is rarely sufficient to support your family. Many employer-provided policies provide a death benefit of $10,000 to $25,000 barely enough to cover your funeral expense. Some employers provide a year's salary, but that may also fall well short of the amount your family would need to m

34、aintain its standard of living.Some employers let workers buy group life insurance through payroll deductions. They may be a good deal for workers who have health problems that would disqualify them for an individual policy. But if you're young and healthy, you may be able to get a better rate o

35、n your own.Another drawback is that if you leave your job, you may not be able to take your insurance. “ Given the job market, most of us are not absolutely certain that our jobs are secure, Daugherty says. “ ”On the other hand, some families buy too much insurance. Not everyone needs life insurance

36、. Some people buy life insurance for babies, which is unnecessary, unless the baby is a child model who is supporting the family, Daugherty says: The purpose of insurance is to replace the income that a family has been relying on. Single people and those who have no children to care for usually don&

37、#39;t need life insurance.Katt says a man with substantial savings in stocks and bonds and other sources of income recently asked him how much life insurance he needs.“ I said none, ” Katt says.A. There are people who don't need life insurance but have it and many more people who need it but are

38、 woefully uninsured.B. Families don't always insure a parent who is staying home to care for the children.C. Most people put off buying life insurance for any number of reasons if they even understand it.D. Even if you have a lot of insurance at work, it makes sense to have some more insurance o

39、nyour own.E. If you fall seriously ill of suffer significant injury later, it will make it tougher to get that kind of policy, if any at all.F. To make insurance more affordable, you may not need to buy the same amount of insurance for both parents.【答案】B; F; D; A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数父母都知道他们需要生命保险，但不愿

40、购买最优质的人寿保险。有些人不需要保险却持有着保险，而许多需要保险的人不幸的是，没 有保险。(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“They don't think that the person whois not bringing in an income needs life insurance "因为他们不认为没有收入的人需要人身保 险。可知前面说的是人们不会为在家照顾孩子的一个家长买保险。故选 Bo(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Katt recommended that one youngcouple should buy $3 mil

41、lion for the husband who earns $100,000 a year and $1 million for the stay-at-home wife.”凯特建议一对年轻夫妇给每年收入10万美元的丈夫买300万美元保险，给当家庭主妇的妻子买1百万。可以得知夫妻双方购买的保险数目不用相同。故选F。(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"Given the job market, most of us arenot absolutely certain that our jobs are secure考虑到务工市场；多数人不能确定自己工作的保障性。因此即

42、使你有工作保险，拥有一些保障自己的保险仍然是重要的。故选Do(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"Katt says a man with substantialsavings in stocks and bonds and other sources of income recently asked him how much life insurance he needs.”卡特说，一个在股票、债券和其他来源上有大量储蓄的人咨询自己要 买多少人寿保险，说明卡特想要指出有些人不需要保险却持有着保险，而许多需要保险的 人不幸的是，没有保险。故选Ao【点评】本题要求在理解细节

43、信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。4.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Porridge doesn't have a very tasty name, does it? . I'm here to try and convince youthat porridge can be a delicious, convenient and very healthy way to start the day.Porridge is a type of food served for breakfast, usuall

44、y a type of grain with either milk or water.It is thicker than liquid, but not solid. , so it's a very good option for people who are ill,and it provides long-lasting energy for the day.Porridge preparation, such as the amount of materials and cooking time depends on what you choose to use as yo

45、ur porridge base., I put a very big handful of oats （ 麦片）in a pot, add a little bit of water and about 200ml of milk, and let the mixture boil. It takes about five minutes to cook.Once it's cooked, the fun part is adding the flavors ( 味道).Porridge alone doesn't have a very strong flavour., I

46、 think this is what makes porridge exciting! It is like a blank piece of paper-you can add almost anything you want to the porridge base. Seeds, nuts and dried fruits are very healthy options to add and can give you energy for the day. But if you don't like these, or you're allergic, then su

47、gar and chocolate are also very tasty options. Either oats or corn or both are "staple foods" for most people on the earth. You can usually buy big bags of either, then add local materials to make your porridge interesting- whatever is cheap and convenient to find, wherever you are.Hopeful

48、ly porridge sounds a lot tastier now! A. If you've never eaten itB. If I'm cooking for myselfC. The porridge base is very easy to digestD. It doesn't have a very tasty reputation, eitherE. It is often heated up but lacks all kinds of nutritionF. You can make porridge almost anywhere in t

49、he worldG. Although some people think this makes porridge boring【答案】D; C; B; G; F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。粥是很好的早餐，但是很多人不喜欢它，认为其寡淡无味。在读完文章之后，你会对粥有一个全新的认识。(1)根据前文 “Porridge doesn't have a very tasty name, does it?可知，粥听起来并不美味， 因此本空承接上文论述，故答案选 Do(2)根据后文 "sot's a very good option for people who are i

50、ll, and it provides long-lasting energy for the day.司推测粥很好消化，所以对于生病的人来说是一个很好的选择，它能为 人体提供持久的能量，故答案选 Co(3) 根据下文 “p ut a very big handful of oats (麦片)in a pot, add a little bit of water and about 200ml of milk, and let the mixture boil. It takes about five minutes to cook. 可知是作者在 叙述煮粥的方法，故对应下文应选B如果我煮粥的

51、话”，我会把一大把燕麦放进锅里，加一点点水，约200克牛奶，然后煮开这种混合物。故答案选Bo(4)根据后文 “I think this is what makes porridge exciting!(我认为这正是粥令人兴奋的地 方)可知，此空应为与后文完全相反的观点，故可对应到G选项：虽然有些人认为这使粥无聊。故答案选Go(5)根据本段最后一句 "whereveryou are可知，你几乎可以在世界上任何地方做粥。故 答案选F。【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤1)分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。2)研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3)复读短文，核对

52、答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要 把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。5 任务型阅读Help Migrant WorkersThere is nothing like going home. More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion. For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more. To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year's toil in his pocket is the b

53、est thing he can think of. They had topress hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up.About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades. It is almost impossib

54、le to imagine life in these places without them. However, they still form a disadvantaged group. Their rights are violated in different forms. Among other things, unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions. They have taken m

55、easures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them. Yet, as the financial crisis bites deep, some small enterprises that are struck the most try to reduce their economic losses by laying off migrant workers or refusing to pay them. So it is particularly important for governments at all

56、levels to do an even better job in helping villager- turned-workers recover their unpaid salaries before the Spring Festival.It is good news that quite a number of local governments have organized special taskforces to conduct inspections in those labor-intensive enterprises to make sure they have p

57、aid their migrant workers in a timely and fair manner. Construction commissions in almost all provinces have published hotlines for farmer-turned-construction workers to lodge complaints against their employers for withholding their salaries. But we need to look for solutions that willwork at all ti

58、mes. We need to put in place a mechanism that will effectively prevent employers from holding back salaries to workers.A. Some have reportedly climbed up chimneys to jump to their death unless they get their defaulted salaries.B. It is something every Chinese look forward to as the traditional gala

59、draws near.C. Unfortunately, weeks preceding the Spring Festival have turned out to be hard times for migrant workers.D. Hopefully, these efforts will send more workers on a happy journey home for the Spring Festival with their salaries in their pockets.E. However difficult the situations they are in, it is too cruel and unfair for employers to hold back salaries they should pay their migrant workers.F. Objectively speaking, governments at variou