高考英语完形填空常考词汇总结+高考英语完形选项必认单词

1、动词类：1“看” look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意catch sight of看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见 see a film watch TV2“说” telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容 talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流 Say sth诉说的内容 speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语 Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 reason /talk

2、/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 Bargain讨价还价 chat聊天 repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 Discuss 讨论debate辩论 figure 指出declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨3“叫” cry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh叹气 quarrel大吵4“问” ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达

3、question审问5“答” answer回答 respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复6 “听” listen to听的动作 hear听的结果 pick up收听 overhear无意听到7“写” dictate听写 write sth 写 describe描写 drop a line 写信 draw画take down/write down写下，记下8“拿/放” take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry扛，挑 (无方向性) fetch拿来拿去 lift举 Put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉/push推9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 g

4、rasp 握住 scratch 抠10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮attack攻击11“扔” throw扔 drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇12“送” send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折叠 /embrace拥抱 / hug抱/hold 握 in ones arms14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15“行” walk run climb jump skip 单腿

5、跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐” sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠17“睡/休息” lie /on ones back仰卧/ on one side斜着/ on ones stomach俯卧 stay in bed卧病在床 have a rest 休息一会儿take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest18“笑” smile 微笑(不出声) laugh 嘲笑，笑声bu

6、rst into laughter= burst out laughing忍不住大笑19“哭” cry vt.& vi.哭; 喊，叫; vt.哭着说 shed（vt 除掉 使流出 使脱落 n.小屋 车棚） tears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying20“找/查” find找到 look for正在找过程 find out查明 discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for 寻找，搜索search for 为寻求seek寻求 寻找 / seek for in search of寻找 Search sb 搜身

7、search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地Check检查，核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测，检验 inspect视察21“穿” put on 动作 wear穿戴 have on试穿 be dressed in 穿的状态 make-up化装get changed换衣服 be in red 穿着红色的衣服Take off 脱 remove 去除 try on试穿22“吃/喝” eat/drink sip吮吸 have a meal吃饭 have supper 吃晚饭toast 烤、敬酒taste品尝treat sb to请某人吃 help oneself to 随

8、便吃23“得” get obtain acquire获得知识和技能 gain possess24“失” lose 丢了 be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见 gone不见(物) great loss die大规模死亡 die off相继死去 die away 逐渐消失25“有” have 有 own是自己的 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess26“无” nothing left 输得精光the remaining thing 剩下的东西disappear 消失be missing /gone失踪，丢失27“增/减” rise / go up /drop人主动

9、抬价 raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease28“买/卖” buy purchase 购买afford 支付得起pay支付 pay off 付清pay for 为。付钱sell卖 on sale廉价出售 bargain讨价还价Bill票据 / cheque支票 / cash/ credit card 信用卡notes票据/ coins 硬币discounts打折29“存在/消失”come into being形成，产生 exist 存在 appear出现 /survive幸存/ live活着 /show 显示/turn up出现/ disappe

10、ar消失 /die /die out灭绝/ pass away去世 /be out of sight 看不见30“变化” develop发展 /improve改善/ become变得/ grow发展，生长/ go +bad /wrong/ sour 变坏，故障，变酸或不再受欢迎/without( negative adj.表示负面的一些不好的变化吧) turn + 颜色 /change /change into 变成/reform改革 31“认识的过程”feel感觉/ sense 感觉/guess猜/ suppose猜想/ wonder怀疑/ doubt怀疑/ know知道 /learn学习

11、/ realize 意识到/ understand理解/ remember记得/ be familiar with 对.熟悉/recall 回想起/recite 背诵/apply to致力于32“成功/失败” make it 做到，好转 /succeed成功 /make progress 取得进步/come true实现 /realize ones dream实现某人的梦想 /win 胜利/lose 失败/fail to do没能做，未做 /failure失败 /defeat 战胜，击败/suffer 容忍，变差/ /beat打败 /turn sth. into reality 把什么变成现实

12、33“努力” try 努力/manage 设法/make efforts 作出努力/attempt 试图/do ones best 尽最大的努力/as much as one can to do 尽某人最大努力34祝贺 congratulations on sth/to sb 祝贺某事/某人 celebrate/ observe 庆祝 get together 聚会35赞美/批评 praise 赞扬think highly of 对。高度评价/ blame sb for sth因。责备某人/ sb is to blame某人该受责备criticize批评 /scold sb. for sth.

13、 责骂某人做某事have a low opinion of sb评价甚低；轻视；瞧不起 Speak ill of说某人坏话36喜/恶 like喜欢，爱好love爱be fond of喜欢be keen on热衷；喜爱be crazy about喜欢。adore敬爱，崇敬preferdoing喜欢enjoy欣赏，喜欢dislike不喜欢unlike不同hate厌恶awful极坏的disgusting令人讨厌的ignore忽视turn off37判断 think认为 believe 相信 consider 认为，考虑 find 发现 feel 感觉 conclude 推断 infer 推理 dou

14、bt怀疑38到达 arrive at/ reach/get to 到达/ return to返回到某个地方，状态 stay in sp待在某个地方 visit访问;探望;参观;游览 leave离开 leave for离开去某地on ones way to在某人去1. on ones way to do中的to do作目的状语，短语意思为“在去做某事的路上”，也就是赶路去做某事，这里的“路”可是货真价实的路，土路、水泥路、柏油路等等，绝不是抽象意义上的路。例句1：She was on her way to do some shopping when she was knocked down by

15、 a car.（参见英语搭配大辞典）试译：她在去购物的路上被车撞倒了。2. on ones way to doing中的to doing引出的是某个过程的结果，短语意思为“接近做某事”，也就是说这里的路是抽象意义上的路，是一个过程。例句2：He is well on his way to becoming an officer of the company.（参见现代英语用法词典）试译：他就快当上公司的高管了。巧合的是，Macmillan English Dictionary与现代英语用法词典上给出的例句用的都是动词becoming。从上例我们也可以看到，on ones way to doin

16、g可以被well修饰，强调“就快做某事”。两者的区别说起来似乎有些复杂，其实也有个简单的辨别办法。因为on ones way to do中的不定式是目的，而不是目的地，我们就可以在way后面加上to someplace，而on ones way to doing则加不了。也就是说，能在way后面补上目的地（+to someplace）的就接不定式，否则就接动名词。例句1就可以改写为：She was on her way to the supermarket to do some shopping when she was knocked down by a car.（试译：她在去超市购物的路上

17、被车撞倒了。）很明显，只有在货真价实的路上她才能被撞，或者碰见老朋友之类的。总之，两者的区别主要来源于意义，即具体和抽象的区别。拓展：go back与return等用法类似。 upon ones arrival on doing sth某人一到达就做一些事情39受伤 hurt/ injured /wound /cut受伤 kill drown淹死 bleed 流血get burnt 遭殃suffer from遭受suffer a loss受损失40损坏 damage 损坏，destroy 摧毁 破坏，ruin毁灭 糟蹋（n.废墟） break down分解 发生故障 失败 be broken这

18、个应该是被动语态吧 被打碎 被中断 crash撞击 崩溃 破产41修复 repair 修复/rebuild 复原/ restore 恢复/ fix 修理/ recover oneself 恢复正常42支持/反对 agree 同意 disagree 不同意 accept接受 receive 接受 refuse 拒绝 turn down 拒绝、关小调低、比率减少43 做饭 cook做饭；厨师 wash 洗 cut切 chop 砍 boil煮 fry煎 steam 水汽 make 制作 mix 混合 clean 清洁 brush 刷 cover 覆盖 uncover 揭开 cooker 炊具44 建

19、议 advise suggest recommend/ urge 催促;推进，驱策;力劝，规劝;极力主张propose 提议，建议;打算，计划demand persuade 说服45 花费 sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at ones expense46 省/存钱 save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time4

20、7 参加 take part in参加 join 参加 join in参加 attend出席 compete竞争compete in 在.方面竞争 compete for为了.竞争 compete against 和.竞赛48控告 accuse sb. of 指控某人charge sb. With控告某人做某事49 救治 help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程 / cure 结果sb. Of sthAid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing st

21、h50敬佩 admire赞美/respect尊重/show respect for对.表示尊重/to adore envy 爱慕嫉妒/jealousy嫉妒/in honor of为了向表示敬意51逃避 ran away/ flee /逃跑escape from 从中逃出 hide隐藏52 阻止/禁止 prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit53 对付/处理 handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle54 效仿 c

22、opy imitate learn from learn54 爆发/发生 come about happen to take place break outburst out go off explosion55安装/装备 fasten fix set equipbe armed with 用什么武装 be equipped with装备有56 追求 pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上 keep up with跟上57 想/考虑 think of 考虑/+as把什么看成 think about想起 considerthink o

23、ver仔细考虑 be concerned 担心 be considerate towards sb.58 打算 plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do59 似乎/好象 seem appear look like as if as though60 开办/关闭 open start set up close/close up end close down名词类1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two d

24、ays off2旅游 trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking3职务人员 clerk职员，办事员；书记；店员；记账员 waitress女服务生 secretary秘书；书记；部长；大臣 friend朋友；助手；赞助者 passer-by过路人、经过者 minister部长；大臣；牧师 customer顾客 manager经理；管理人员guest客人；顾客；宾客 host主人；主持人hostess女主人，女老板；女服务员；舞女；女房东 adult成年人 Assistant助手；助理

25、；助教 neighbor邻居 relative亲戚；亲属 Patient病人；患者 vet兽医 staff职员 crew船员 nurse护士；保姆teacher老师；导师conductor售票员；管理人；领导者 tailor裁缝 Sailor水手；海员 inventor发明家 gardener园丁；花匠；园艺家 Guard守卫；警卫4餐馆/定餐/就餐 inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit t

26、ray napkin5诊所/看病/服药 clinic hospital take ones temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6车站/机场 airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身体部位 arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8意志 will courage patience deter

27、mination faith effort confidence ambition energy9才能/品质 talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proudStrict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable10优缺点 advantage disadvantage strength weakness11目标 aim goal intention purpose belief faith12方式 means method

28、way manner approach13身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight14图表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日记 Files form make a

29、list of16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degreeSubject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17 学校活动 match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommendation19气候/天气 climate weat

30、her storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth20交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bikegive sb. a lift/ride21习惯 habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词) practice惯例(名词)22感觉 sight hearing touch smell sense23情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness

31、sorrow24 财富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off25 运动比赛 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/26衣服 clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名

32、词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of27事件 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容词类1人的各种感受乐happy delighted to ones joy pleased amused悲 sad unhappy painful bitter平静 calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed怕 in fear be fri

33、ghtened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with /be content to do生气 Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage2 表程度的副词类narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quiteAccidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by farFarther/ further be

34、tter/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus.易考的近义词组Run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ matchHit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performerContain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ doFall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ accountCause/ reason that

35、s why/ thats because because/ since,as/ forLast/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divideStand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/rangeProvide/supply/offer/ give/send高考英语完形选项必认单词gain vt. 获得， 增加 concentrate vi. 集中（思想、注意力等）connection n. 联系， 连接 accurately adv. 精确地，准确地 pred

36、ict vt. 预言，预测deserve vt. 应得，值得 disability n. 残疾；无能力 athletic adj. 喜爱运动的 desire n. 渴望，欲望 assistant n. 助手 bleed vi. 流血 astronomy n. 天文学allergic adj. 过敏的 ， glare v. 怒视，瞪 grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的cant help doing sth. 禁不住要做某事 devote vt. 献身于， 专心致志于insurance n. 保险， charge vt. 收费，要价 take charge of 接管， 控制，consul

37、t vt. 请教，查阅， casual adj, 随意的，非正式的， make out 假装nursery n. 托儿所，保育室， moral n. 道德， overcome vt. 克服，战胜inspect v. 仔细检查 pay off 得到好结果，取得成功， commit vt. 投入constantly adv. 不断地 beneath adv. 在底下， hesitate v. 犹豫，踌躇multiply v. 乘；大量增加， dynamic adj. 精力充沛的， bother v. 打扰，烦扰booming adj. 迅速增长的，迅速发展的 arithmetic n. 算术dis

38、tinguish vt. 区别，辨别；表现突出 in addition 此外， simplify vt. 简化qualification n. 资格，资历， secure adj. 稳定的，无忧无虑的 lay off 裁员，conservative adj. 保守的，旧式的 alternative adj. 可选择的，另类的worthwhile adj. 值得努力的， be accustomed to 习惯于bureaucratic adj. 官僚的 beneficial adj. 有用的，有益的 assume vt. 假定，假设高考英语易混淆词对比：the people, a peoplet

39、he people, a people the people 指人; a people 指民族，例：The Chinese is a peace-loving people.it, one it 同一物体; one 同类不同一，例：I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.that, this that 指代上文所提到的;例：I was ill. Thats whythis 导出下文所要说的。none, nothing, no one none 强调有多少; nothing, no one 强调有没有;nothing 指物，no one 指人。anyone,

40、 any one anyone 指人，不能接of; any one 指人物均可，可接of 例：any one of youwho, what who 指姓名或关系; what 指职业或地位，例：What is your dad? He is a teacher.what, which what 的选择基础是无限制的; which 在一定范围内进行选择，例：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?other, another other 后接名词复数，例：other students another 后接名词单数，例：another studentnot a

41、 little, not a bit not a little 非常; not a bit 一点也不，例：Im not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累many, much, a lot of many 和可数名词连用，例：I dont have many books. much 和不可数名词连用; a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句。much morethan, many morethan much morethan 后接形容词或不可数名词，例：much more water, much more beautiful many morethan 后接可数名词，例：ma

42、ny more peopleno, not no=not a/any 例：no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any waterno more than, not more than no more than 相当于only，仅仅，只有; not more than 至多，不超过。majority, most majority 只能修饰可数名词，例：the majority of people most 可数不可数均可。by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself 单独的，独自

43、的; for oneself 为自己; to oneself 供自己用的; of oneself 自行的，自动的，例：The door opened of itself.at all, after all at all 根本，全然; after all 到底，毕竟，例：After all he is a child.tall, high tall 常指人或动物，例：He is tall. high 常指物体。fast, quickly fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，例：run fast quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快，例：answer the question qu

44、icklyhigh, highly high 具体的*ighly 抽象的高，高度的，例：think highly ofhealthy, healthful healthy 健康的，健壮的; healthful 有益于健康的，例：healthful exercisesleeping, asleep,sleepy sleeping 正在睡觉，例：a sleeping baby asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，例：The baby is asleep. sleepy 困的，有睡意的，例：I*eepy.gold, golden gold 指真金制品，例：a gold ring golden 指金

45、色的，但金鱼用gold fishmost, mostly most 用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，例：most people mostly 大部分，是副词，例：the people are mostlyjust, very just 表强调时是副词，作状语，例：just the man very 表强调时是形容词，用作定语，例：the very manwide, broad wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离; broad 侧重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shoulderswide, broad wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离; broad 侧

46、重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shouldersrespectful, respectable respectful 尊敬，有礼貌，例：be respectful to the aged respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的。outwards, outward 二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面; outward 还可用作形容词，例：an outward voyagepleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant 常用作定语; pleased, pleasing 常用作表语; pleased 主语常为人，pleasing 主语常为物，例：a pleasant t

47、rip; The trip is pleasing.understanding, understandable understanding 明白事理的，能体谅的，例：an understanding girl understandable 可理解的，能够懂的，例：an understandable mistakeclose, closely close 接近，靠近，例：stand close closely 紧紧地，紧密地，例：closely connectedill, sick ill 做表语; sick 定语、表语均可，例：a sick boygood, well good 形容词; we

48、ll 副词，但指身体状况是形容词，例：He is well again.quiet, silent, still quiet 安静的，可以发出小的声音; silent 不发出声音，但可以动; still 完全不动，完全无声响，例：He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。hard, hardly hard 努力，例：work hard hardly 几乎不，例：I can hardly believe it.able, capable able 与不定式to do连用; capable 与of连用，例：He is capable of doingalmost,

49、 nearly 二者均为“几乎，差不多”，和否定词连用用almost，例：almost nobody。late, lately late 迟，晚; lately 最近，近来 例：I havent seen him lately.excited, exciting excited 使人兴奋的，例：Im excited. exciting 令人兴奋的，例：The news is excitingdeep, deeply deep 具体的深，例：dig deep deeply 抽象的深，深深地，例：deeply movedaloud, loud aloud 出声地，例：read aloud 出声地读

50、 loud 大声地worth, worthy 二者均为值得，worth后接doing; worthy后接to be done, of being done; 例：It is worth visiting. = Its worthy to be visited. = Its worthy of being visited.bad, badly bad 形容词，例：go bad badly 副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为“很，非常”，例：I need the book badly.before long, long before before long 不久以后; l

51、ong before 很久以前; 例：not long before = before longquite, rather quite 完全地，相当于completely，例：quite impossible rather 修饰比较级happy, glad happy 高兴，幸福，定表均可，例：a happy girl glad 高兴，只能做表语instead, instead of instead 是副词，放在句首或句末，例：He didnt see a film. Instead he watched TV. instead of 是介词短语，放在句中，例：He watched TV in

52、stead of seeing a film.too much, much too too much 后接不可数名词; much too 后接形容词，例：much too heavybe about to, be going to, be to do be about to 表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语; be going to 侧重打算，想法; be to do 侧重意志，计划，安排 例：Im to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)raise, rise raise 及物动词; rise 不及物动词，例：The sun rises in the east.bring, take,

53、 carry, fetch bring 拿来; take 带走; carry 随身携带; fetch 去回这一往返动作，例：fetch a box of chalkspend, take, pay, cost spend 人做主语，花钱，花时间，spendon sth./in doing sth; take 物做主语，花时间; pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost 物做主语，花钱。join, join in, take part in join 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员，例：He joined the army five years ago. join in 参加小型的活动

54、，join sb. in; take part in 参加大型的活动。learn, study learn 学习，侧重学习的结果; study 学习，侧重学习的过程，研究，例：study the problemgo to sea, by sea go to sea 当海员，出航; by sea 乘船，由海路;by the sea 在海边。the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师; the doctor and the teacher 两个人，一个医生和一个老师。

55、in office, in the office in office 在职的，例：He is in office, not out of office. in the office 在办公室里。in bed, on the bed in bed 卧在床上，例：He is ill in bed. on the bed 在床上，例：The book is on the bed.in charge of, in the charge of in charge of 管理，负责照料，例：He is in charge of the matter. in the charge of 由照料，例：The matt