物理常用词汇表

1、AAbsoluteacceleration绝对加速度Absoluteerror绝对误差Absolutemotion绝对运动Absolutetemperature绝对温度Absolutevelocity绝对速度Absolutezero绝对零度Absorption吸收Absorptivity吸收率Acceleratedmotion力口速运动Accelerationofgravity重力力口速度Acceleration力口速度Accidentalerror偶然误差Acoustics声学Actingforce作用力Adjustment调节Aether以太Airpump抽气机Airtable气垫桌Air

2、track气垫导轨Alternatingcurrentcircuit交流电路Alternatingcurrentgenerator交流发电机Alternating交流电Altimeter测高仪Ammeter安培计Amperemeter电流计Ampere安培Amperesexperiment安培试验Amperesforce安培力Ampereslaw安培定律Amperemeter安培计Amplitude振幅Angleofrotation自转角转动角Angularacceleration角力口速度Angulardisplacement角位移Angularvelocity角速度Anion负离子Anis

3、otropy各向异性AnnihilationAnode阳极Antenna天线Appliedphysics应用物理学Archimedesprinciple阿基米德原理Area面积Argumentation论证Argument辐角Astigmatoscope散光镜Atomicnucleus原子核Atomicphysics原子物理学Atomicspectrum原子光谱Atomicstructure原子结构Atom原子Atwoodsmachine阿特伍德机Averagepower平均功率Averagevelocity平均速度Avogadroconstant阿伏加德罗常数Avogadrolaw阿伏加德罗

4、定律Bbalance天平ballisticgalvanometer冲击电流计bandspectrum带状谱barometer气压机basicquantity基本量basicunits基本单位batterycharger电池充电器batteryaccumulator蓄电池battery电池组beam光束betatron电子感应加速器Bohratommodel波尔原子模型Boilingpoint沸点Boiling沸腾Bounce反弹Boundcharge束缚电荷Boundelectron束缚电子Branchcircuit支路Breakdown击穿Brightness亮度Buoyancyforce浮

5、力Calorifics热学camera照相机capacitance电容capacitor电容器capillarity毛细现象cathoderay阴极射线cathoderaytude阴极射线管cathode阴极cation正离子cell电池Celsiusscale摄氏温标Centreofgravity重心Centreofmass质心Centrifugalforce离心力Centripetalacceleration向心力口速度Centripetalforce向心力Chainreaction链式反应Chaos混沌Characteristicspectrum特征光谱Chargedbody带电体Cha

6、rgedparticle带电粒子Charge充电Circularholediffraction圆孑L衍射Circularmotion圆周运动Classicalmechanics经典力学Classicalphysics经典物理学Cloudchamber云室Coefficientofmaximumstaticfriction最大静摩擦系数恢复系数滑动摩擦系数CoefficientofrestitutionCoefficientofslidingfrictionCoefficient系数Coil线圈Collision碰撞Componentforce分力Coherentlight相干光源Compone

7、ntvelocity分速度Compositionofforces力的合成Compositionofvelocities速度的合成Compression压缩Concavelens凹透镜Concavemirror凹面镜Concurrentforce共点力Condensation凝结Condenser电容器Conductingmedium导电介质Conductor导体Conservativeforcefield保守立场Conservativeforce保守力Constantforce恒力Constant常量Continuousspectrum连续谱Convergentlens会聚透镜Convexle

8、ns凸透镜Convexmirror凸面镜Coordinatesystem坐标系Coplanarforce共面力Corolisforce科里奥利力Corpuscularproperty例子性Corpusculartheory微粒说Coulombforce库仑力Coulomb库仑Coulombslaw库仑定律counter计数器creation产生creepage漏电crest波峰criticalangle临界角criticalresistance临界电阻criticaltemperature临界温度crystal晶体currentdensity电流密度currentelement电流元curre

9、ntsource电流源currentstrength电流强度curvilinearmotion曲线运动cyclotron回旋加速器DDampedvibration阻尼震动Damping阻尼Daniellcell丹尼尔电池Dataprocessing数据处理Data数据Decay衰变Definitionofampere安培的定义Defocusing散集Density密度Derivedquantity导出量Derivedunit导出单位Dielectric电介质Diffractionpattern衍射图样Diffraction衍射Diffusereflection漫反射Digitaltimer数字

10、计时器Dimensionalexponent量纲指数Dimension量纲Diode二极管Diopter屈光度Directcurrent直流（dc）Directimpact正碰Directmeasurement直接测量Discharge放电Disorder无序Dispersion色散Displacement位移Divergentlens发射透镜Dopplereffect多普勒反应Doubleslitdiffraction双缝衍射Drivingforce驱动力Drycell干电池Echo回声Eddycurrent涡流Effectivevalue有效值Elasticbody弹性体Elasticfo

11、rce弹性力Elasticity弹性Electriccharge电荷Electriccircuit电路Electriccorona电晕Electricenergy电能Electricfield电场Electricfieldintensity电场强度Electricfieldline电场线Electricflux电通量Electricleakage漏电Electricneutrality电中性Electricpotential电位；电势Electricpotentialdifference电位差；电势差Electricpower电功率Electricquantity电量Electrificati

12、on起电Electrificationbyfriction摩擦起电Electrifiedbody带电体Electrode电极Electrolysis电解Electrolyte电解质Electromagneticdamping电磁阻尼Electromagneticinduction电磁感应Electromagneticradiation电磁辐射Electromagneticwave电磁波Electromagneticwavespectrum电磁波谱Electromagneticinductionphenomenon电磁感应现象Electromagnet电磁体Electrometer静电计Elec

13、trometerforce电动势Electron电子Electronbeam电子束Electroncloud电子云Electronmicroscope电子显微镜Electronvolt电子伏特Electroscope验电器Electrostaticequilibrium静电平衡Electrostaticinduction静电感应Electrostaticscreening静电屏蔽Elementarycharge基本电荷；元电荷Energy能量Energylevel能级Equilibrium平衡Equilibriumcondition平衡条件equilibriumofforces力的平衡equi

14、libriumposition平衡位置equilibriumstate平衡态equivalentsourcetheorem等效电源定理erectimage正像error误差ether以太evaporation蒸发excitation激发excitationstate激发态experiment实验experimentalphysics实验物理学externalforce外力eyepiece目镜FFarsight远视Faradaycylinder法拉第圆筒Faradaylawofelectromagneticinduction法拉第电磁感应定律Faradayslawofelectromagneti

15、cinduct法拉第电磁感应定律Farad法拉（电容的单位）Filminterference薄膜干涉Finalvelocity末速度Firstcosmicvelocity第一宇宙速度Fission裂变Fixedaxisrotation定轴转动Flotationbalance浮力秤Fluid流体Focallength焦距Focusing调教；聚焦Focus焦点Force力Forcedvibration受迫震动Fractal分形Freecharge自由电荷Freeelectron自由电子Freeperiod自由周期Freezingpoint凝固点Frequency频率Frictionforce摩擦

16、力Fusion聚变GGalvanometer电流计Gas气体Generalphysics普通物理学Generator发电机Goodconductor良导体Gravitation引力Gravity重力Gravitationalpotentialenergy重力势能Gravityfield重力场Groundearth接地Groundstate基态Groundwire地线HHadron强子Halflifeperiod半衰期Heat热Heattransfer传热Henry亨禾Hertz赫兹（频率的单位）Hookelaw胡克定律Humidity湿度Hydrogen氢原子Hypothesis假设IIcep

17、oint冰点Idealgas理想气体Image像Imagedistance像距Imageheight像高Imaging成像Imperfectinelasticcollision非完全弹性碰撞Impulse冲量Incidentangle入射角Incidentray入射线Indirectmeasurement间接测量Inducedelectriccurrent感应电流Inducedelectricfield感应电场Inductioncurrent感应电流Inductionelectromotiveforce感应电动势Inductionmotor感应电动机Inertia惯性Inertialsyste

18、m惯性系Infraredray红外线Infrasonicwave次声波nitialphase初位相nitialvelocity初速度Input输入Instantaneouspower瞬时功率Instantaneousvelocity瞬时速度Instrument仪器Insulatedconductor绝缘导体Insulatingmedium绝缘介质Insulator绝缘体Intensityofsound声强Interference干涉Interferencefringe干涉条纹interferencepattern干涉图样Interferometer干涉仪Internalenergy内能Inte

19、rnalforce内力Internalresistance内阻Intonation声调Invertedimage倒像Invisiblelight不可见光Ionbeam离子束Ionization电离Irreversibleprocess不可逆过程Isobaricprocess等压过程Isobar等压线Isochoricprocess等体积过程Isothermal等温线Isothermalprocess等温过程Isotope同位素Isotropy各向同性Joule焦耳（功的单位）Jouleheat焦耳热Joulelaw焦耳定律KKeplerlaw开普勒定律Kinematics运动学Kinetice

20、nergy动能Laplacesequation拉普拉斯方程LLaser激光；激光器Law定律Lawofconservationofangularmomentum角动量守恒定律Lawofconservationofenergy能量守恒定律Lawofconservationofmass质量守恒定律Lawofconservationofmechanicalenergy机械能守恒定律Lawofconservationofmomentum动量守恒定律Lawofelectricchargeconservation电荷守恒定律Lesystemeinternationald'unites国际单位制（s

21、i）Lead导线Length长度Lens透镜Lensformula透镜公式Lenz'law楞次定律Lepton轻子Lightray光线Lightsource光源Lightwave光波Lightningrod避雷针Light光Linespectrum线状谱Linesofcurrent电流线Linesofforceofelectricfield电力线Liquefaction液化Liquefactionpoint液化点Liquid液体Longitudinalwave纵波Loop回路Lorentzforce洛仑兹力Luminousintensity发光强度Mmageneticfield磁场ma

22、gneticfieldintensity磁场强度magneticfieldline磁场线magneticinductionflux磁感应通量magneticinduction磁感应强度magneticinductionline磁感应线magneticmaterial磁性材料magneticneedle磁针magneticpole磁极magnification放大率magnifier放大镜；放大器manometer流体压强计mass质量massdefect质量亏损massenergyequation质能方程matter物质matterwave物质波Maxwell'sequations麦克

23、斯韦方程组Meanspeed平均速率Meanvelocity平均速度Measurement测量Mechanicalenergy机械能Mechanicalmotion机械运动Mechanicalvibration机械运动Mechanics力学Medium介质Meltingfusion熔化Meltingpoint熔点Metrerule米尺Microdetector灵敏电流计Micrometercaliper螺旋测微器Microscope显微镜Microscopicparticle微观粒子Mirrorreflection镜面反射Mirror镜Mixedunitsystem混合单位制Modernphy

24、sics现代物理学Molarvolume摩尔体积Molecularspectrum分子光谱Molecularstructure分子结构磁场的动量Momentofforce力矩MomentumofelectromagneticfieldMomentum量Motor电动机Multimeter多用电表Musicalquality音色NNpole北极Naturalfrequency固有频率Naturallight自然光Negativecharge负电荷Negativecrystal负晶体Negativeion负离子Negativeplate负极板Network网络Neutralization中和Neu

25、tron中子Newton牛顿Newtonfirstlaw牛顿第一定律Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第二定律Newtonthirdlaw牛顿第三定律Nonequilibriumstate非平衡态Northpole北极Nucleusforce核力Nucleusofcondensation凝结核OObject物Objectdistance物距Objectheight物高Objective物镜Observation观察Oersted'sexperiment奥斯特实验Ohm欧姆Ohmlaw欧姆定律Opencircuit开路Opticalbench光具座Opticalcentreoflens透

26、镜光心Opticalfiber光导纤维Opticalglass光学玻璃Opticalinstrument光学仪器Opticallever光杠杆Opticalpathdifference光程差Opticalpath光程路Opticallydensermedium光密介质Opticallythinnermedium光疏介质Optics光学Orbit轨道Order有序Oscillograph示波器Output输出Overweight超重PParallelconnectionofcondensers电容器的并联Parallelogramrule平行四边形定律Parallelresonancecircu

27、it并联t皆振电路Parameter参量Particle质点；粒子Pascallaw帕斯卡定律Path路程Peak峰值Pendulum摆Penumbra半影Perfectelasticcollision完全弹性碰撞Perfectconductor理想导体Perfectinelasticcollision完全非弹性碰撞Periodicity周期性Period周期Periscope潜望镜Permanentmagnet永磁体Permittivityofvacuum真空介电常数Permittivity电容率Phase位相Phenomenon现象Photocurrent光电流Photoelectrice

28、ffect光电效应Photoelectron光电子Photography照相术Photon光子Physicalbalance物理天平Physicalquantity物理量Physics物理学Piezometer压强计Pitch音调Planckconstant普朗克常量Plasma等离子体Pointcharge点电荷Polarization偏振Polarizedlight偏振光Polycrystal多晶体Poorconductor不良导体Positivecharge正电荷Positivecrystal正晶体Positiveion正离子Positiveplate正极板Positron正电子Pote

29、ntialenergy势能Potentiometer电位差计Power功率Pressure压强；压力Primarycoil原线圈Principleofconstancyoflightvelocity光速不变原理Prism棱镜Projectile抛体Projectilemotion抛体运动Projector投影仪Proton质子Pulley滑轮Pulleyblock滑轮组QQuantityofheat热量Quantization量子化Quantum量子Quantummechanics量子力学Quantumnumber量子数RRadar雷达Radioactivesource放射源Radiusofg

30、yration回旋半径Randommotion无规则运动Range量程Ratedvoltage额定电压Reactingforce反作用力Realimage实像Realobject实物Reasoning推理Recoil反冲Rectilinearmotion直线运动Referenceframe参考系；坐标系Referencesystem参考系Reflectedangle反射角Reflectedray反射线Reflectioncoefficient反射系数Reflectionlaw反射定律Reflectivity反射率Refractedangle折射角Refractedray折射线Refractio

31、nlaw折射定律Refractioncoefficient折射系数Refractiveindex折射率Relativeacceleration相对加速度Relativeerror相对误差Relativemotion相对运动Relativevelocity相对速度Relativity相对论Resistance电阻Resistancebox电阻箱Resistivity电阻率Resistor电阻器Resolutionofforce力的分解Resolutionofvelocity速度的分解Resonance共振；共鸣Reasonantfrequency共振频率Resultantforce合力Resul

32、tantvelocity合速度Reversibilityofopticalpath光路可逆性Reversibleprocess可逆过程Rheostat变阻器Righthandscrewrule右手螺旋定则Rocket火箭Rotatingmagneticfield旋转磁场Rotation自转；转动Rutherfordscattering卢瑟福散射Rutherfordaparticlescatteringexperiment卢瑟福a散射实验SSpole南极Saturation饱和Scalar标量Scalarfield标量场Scanner扫描器Secondcosmicvelocity第二宇宙速度Se

33、lectiveabsorption选择吸收Selfinducedelectromotiveforce自感电动势Selfinductance自感Selfinductionphenomenon自感系数Semiconductor半导体Semitransparentfilm半透膜Sensitivegalvanometer灵敏电流计Sensitivity灵敏度Sensitometer感光计Sensor传感器Seriesconnectionofcondensers电容器的串联Seriesreasonancecircuit串联t皆振电路Shortcircuit短路Shortsight近视Shuntresis

34、tor分流电阻Significantfigure有效数字Simpleharmonicmotionshm简谐运动Simpleharmonicwave简谐波Simplependulum单摆Singlecrystalmonocrystal单晶体Singleslitdiffraction单缝衍射Sinusoidalalternatingcurrent简t皆交流电Sinusoidalcurrent正弦式电流Slidingfriction滑动摩擦Slit狭缝Solarcell太阳能电池Solenoid螺线管Solidification凝固Solidificationpoint凝固点Solid固体Solut

35、ion溶液Salvation溶解Sonar声纳Soundsource声源Soundvelocity声速Soundwave声波Sound声音Source电源Southpole南极Space空间Sparkdischarge火花放电Specialrelativity狭义相对论Specificheatcapacity比热容Spectacles眼镜Spectralanalysis光谱分析Spectralline光谱线Spectrograph摄谱仪pectrography摄谱学spectroscopy光谱学spectrum光谱speed速率sphericalmirror球面镜spontaneousradi

36、ation自发辐射springbalance弹簧秤stability稳定性stabilizedcurrentsupply稳流电源stabilizedvoltagesupply稳压电源standardatmosphericpressure标准大气压standardcell标准电池standingwave驻波staticfriction静摩擦stationarystate定态steadycurrent恒定电流steadycurrentsource恒流源steadyvoltagesource恒压源steampoint汽点stiffness劲du系数stimulatedradiation受激辐射sto

37、pwatch秒表sublimation升华superconductivity超导电性superconductor超导体电场强度叠加原理superpositionprincipleofelectricfieldsupersaturation过度饱和supersonicspeed超声速supersonicwave超声波supplytransformer电源变压器surfaceresistance表面电阻switch开关systemofconcurrentforces共点力系systemofparticles质点系systemofunits单位制systematicerror系统误差Telescope望远镜Temperature温度Tension张力Thelawofgravity万有引力定律Theorem原理Theoremofkineticenergy动能定理Theoremofmomentum动量定理Theoreticalphysics理论物理学Theory理论Thermalcapacity热容量Th