【英语】高中英语被动语态技巧阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)

1、【英语】高中英语被动语态技巧阅读训练策略及练习题（ 含答案 ）一、单项选择被动语态1. - Are the repairs finished yet?-Yes, they when I came back home.A would be completed B would completeC had completed D had been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。2. The two nurses 100 ， 000 yuan by the polic

2、e but donated it to victims of theexplosion.A rewardedB would be rewardedC have been rewardedD had been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100， 000 元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“ but donated it to victims of the explosion. ，可知 “她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受”害者 ”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100， 000 元 ”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和

3、 “奖赏 ”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。考点：考查时态和语态3. Louis Cha （金庸） passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment,“ He the Nobel Prize fo r Literature with his written works translated into English.”A could have been rewardedB must have been rewardedC should be rewardedD need have been rewarded【答案】A【解析

4、】【详解】考查情态动词+have done 用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded 本可以被授予； B. must have been rewarded 一定被授予；C. should be rewarded 应该被授予；D. needhave been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境， A选项正确。【点睛】could have done 可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“ 本来能

5、”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经） ”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A 选项正确。4. The house, which last night,my aunt but she doesn' t live there any more.A. was broken into; is belonged to B . broke into; is belonged toC. broke into; belonging to D . was broken into; belongs to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房

6、子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据 last night及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，breakinto破门而入”，答案为was broken into;第二空，belong to属于"，无进行和被动语态， 结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为 belongs to。故选D。5. To my, he was not a little at the news that he had won the first prize inthe English speech contest, for he thought that he didn'

7、t perform so well.A. astonishment; astonishingB. astonished ； astonishingC. astonishment; astonishedD. astonish ； astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查astonish相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是，他对这个消息并不感到惊讶.to one'sastonishment使某人感到惊讶的是 "；be astonished at sth.对某事感到惊讶”。故选 C.6. Due to the country ' s growing rate of urban

8、ization, China' s migrant population to beover 200 million by 2020.A. predicts B. is predicted C. will have been predicted D . will be predicted 【答案】B【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：由于中国城市化的速度不断提高，到2020年，中国的流动人口预计将超过2亿。结合句意可知，用一般现在时态的被动语态，句子主语是population ,单数第三人称形式，故答案为B。该题容易误选 D项，是现在预计，而不是将来预计，故用现在时态。7. 8 stud

9、ents and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.A. killed B. were killedC. have killed D. have been killed【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪，在圣塔菲高中杀害了 8名学

10、生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动关系，再根据 in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的 事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为B。8 The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we admitted.A will getB getC gotD have got【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：我们校长希

11、望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主语 we 和动词 admit 是被动关系，入学发生在过去，此处用一般过去时的被动语态；got 在此相当于were ,故选C。9 You can t move in right now. The house now.A has painted B is paintedC is being painted D is painting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C 选项正确。10 Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the

12、office just now? Yes, he , and he looked a little bit nervous.A had interviewed B was interviewedC was being interviewed D is being interviewing【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意： 迈克 ,你刚才看到Mr. Chapman 在办公室吗?是的,他正在接受采访,他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过去进行时，句中he 和动词 interview 是被动关系，所以此处用过去进行时的被动，故选C。11 I want to buy that kind o

13、f cloth because I the cloth well.A have told ； washesB have been told ； washesC was told； washedD have been told ； is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且 I与tell是被动关系，所以使用 现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用，用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及主语+不及物动词+

14、主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste（吃起来）,sound （听起来），prove（证明是），feel（摸上去感到）等,例如：Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口。2）一些与can't（不能）或won't（不会）连用的动词。常用的有：lock（锁住），shut（关上），open （打开，营业）,close （关门），cut （切割）,wei

15、gh （重）,act （上演），例如：The door won't open. 这打不开。It can't move.它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3）一些与well（很），easily（容易地），perfectly（十分地）等连用的动词，如：sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种 动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有 的属性。例如：The book sells wel

16、l.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well. 这些衣服很耐洗。4）用在主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词， 例如：This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this artic

17、le reads easily.5）某些不及物动词，如 happen, occur, cost以及短语，如 come out （出版），come up （出现）,come into being （产生）come to one' smind （想起）,turn out （证明是） ,come about （发生），break out （爆发），belong to （属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以 它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 1

18、8th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you.12 . Various efforts in the past decades to protect the environment.A. had made B. have madeC. were made D. have been made【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据 in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，

19、和谓语动词D。make 之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为13 Have you moved into the new house?Not yet. It .A has been built B was builtC is being built D had been built【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意： 你搬进新家了吗？ 仍旧没有，它仍旧正在建设。根据语境可知，It指代上文提到的the new house,是第三人称单数，与 built是被动关系，用被动语态，结合句意，built 这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选C。14 With more for

20、ests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.A is washing awayB is being washed awayC are washing awayD are being washed away【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity 的用法，quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时，quantities of. 后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity

21、of. 的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、 D 项。 2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D 项。【名师点拨】quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of 后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of 后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1.Large quantities of money havebeen sent there 大量的钱已经被送到那里

22、；A large quantity of money has been wasted. 大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us. 大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table. 大量的坚果在桌子上。15 It s so humid these days! Don t worry! The rain to stop from tomorrow.A will expect B expectsC will be expected D is expected【答案】D

23、【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意： 这些日子天气潮湿。 不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，"expec诔示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语 The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。16. The window is dirty.I know. It for weeks.A. hasn ' t cleanedB. didn ' t cleanC. wasn' t cleanedD. hasn' t been cleaned【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1.确定时态：这里表达过去

24、没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2.确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意： 一窗户很脏。一我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选 Do17. Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?Pity he to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.A. was sent B. has been sentC. had been sent D. would be sent【答案】B【解析】考查时态

25、和语态。句意：一一Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？一一很可惜他已经被派到 Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派至ijZimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时 态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上， B选项正确。18. The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A. elected B. settledC. developed D. contained【答案】Bsettle ,【解析】考查动词。句意为

26、：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选 意为 解决"。elect选举；develop发展；contain包含，控制。故选 B。19. It is the third time so far that such a festival in my hometown.A. is heldB. has been heldC. will be heldD. had been held【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。 This is the first (second, third)tirmethafe是第一(二，三)次。一般来说，This is the first (se

27、cond, third)time向th抠个句式中that 从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。考点 : 考查句式用法20 Usually Beijing Roast Duck together with special pancakes, green onions and sweetsauce.A was served B will serveC is served D served【答案】C【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主

28、语 Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词serve 之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为C。21 As is expected, it will be not long before our domestically built aircraft Carriers intooperation.A will be putB are putC will have been putD have been put【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意: 按照预计，在不久的将来，我们国内制造的航母就会投入使用。时间状语从句中使用主将从现，如

29、果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。 before 是从句要用一般现在时。投入和主语是被动关系。故选B。22 Mum, is the pair of gloves mine? Yes. You have to wear another pair.A washingB have washedC being washedD having washed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意： 妈妈，这双正洗的手套是我的吗？ 是的。你不得不带另一双了。根据下文可知，手套是正在被洗，用现在进行时的被动，故选C。23 This project considered thoroughly,

30、 and I m sure it finished on time.A must be; may beB should be; can beC may be; must beD can be; should be【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个项目应该被全面地考虑，并且我确定可以准时完成这个项目。should be 表示 “应该 ” 这个项目要求考虑的全面，can be 表示 “能够 ” 有能力完成这个项目，所以选B。考点：考查情态动词24 With the development of science, more new technology to the fields of IT.A

31、 has introducedB is being introducedC is introducedD was introduced【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意，随着科技的发展，更多新的技术被引进到IT 领域。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。且主语new technology 与动作 introduce 之间是被动关系，用现在分词的被动语态，故选B。考点：时态和语态考查题点评：动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16 种时态，但是常用的只有9 种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时

32、。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成，时态通过be 表现出来。25 -The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.-Yes. It nearly 20 metres.A measuresB is measuredC will measureD is measuring【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意： 演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。 是的。它近20 米。measure此处意为 测量，量起来 ；为不及物动词，后接量的

33、结果，不用于被动语态或进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为it,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选A。26 I want to buy that kind of cloth because Ithe clothwell.A have told;washedB have been told;washesC have been told;washedD was told;washes【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。“我 ”和 “告诉是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一些动词wash，

34、 lock， sell， wear， read， open， shut， clean 等，如果主语如果是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth washes well 是指 “这种布料很好洗 ”就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。故选B。27 The father,alongwith his four children,hangzhou.When they willbe backfixed.Ahave gone to;isn Bt had gone to;is notC went to;aren tD has gone to;hasnotbeen 【

35、答案】D【解析】【详解】考查的是主谓一致性及时态。句意：这位父亲和他的四个孩子去杭州了。他们什么时候回来还没有定下来。along with ， together with ， as well as, with 引导并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持主谓一致，根据When they will be backfixed. 可知，说话时他们不在现场，应使用have/has gone to 到某地去“ ”； When they will be back 是主语从句，谓语动词应使用单数形式，结合从句中的时态可知，此处应使用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响。故选D。28 The hurricane to r

36、each the coast tomorrow morning. If so, we d better make full preparations for it.A will be predictedB is predictingC has predictedD is predicted【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词的时态及语态。句意： 预测飓风明天早上会到达海岸。 如果是这样的话，我们最好做好充分的准备。A. will be predicted 将被预测；B. is predicting 正在被预测；C. has predicted 已经预测；D. is predicted 被

37、预测。分析句子可知，空格处的主语是thehurricane与动词predict二者是被动关系，要用被动语态。B和C是主动语态，故不正确。根据第二句话可知，飓风明天早上才到，现在还没到，即飓风到达海岸是现在做出的预测，所以要用一般现在时，故选D。29 Can we play basketball in the school gym? No, it during the summer holidays.A is repaired B is being repairedC was repaired D has been repaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：-我们可以在学校操

38、场上打篮球吗？-不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it 和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选B。30 We didn t play football yesterday.The match.A was canceled B is canceledC has canceled D had canceled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天我们没有踢足球，比赛取消了。根据句意可知，match 和cancel 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由yesterday 可知，这是发生在过去的一件事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故

39、选A。31 People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult so long as the wholenation works hard for it.A realizingB to be realizedC realizedD to realize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficultto do 结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand

40、at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,pleasant, safe, unpleasant 等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。32 In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones yet.A haven t builtB haven t been bu

41、ilt C hadn t builtD hadn t been built【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：在20 世纪 80 年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知，“混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在“ therewere only muddy roads 这一过去的动作之前，属于 ”“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时；build 与 concrete ones 是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选D。33 With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _

42、in the past few years.A discoveredB have discoveredC had been discoveredD have been discovered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：因为有高科技的帮助，在最近几年中，越来越多的新物质已经被发现了。根据时间状语in the past few years, 说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D 正确。34 A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth .A to be visitedB being visited

43、C visitingD to visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doingsth 值得做某事“”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C 项。35 More efforts, as reported, in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structuralreform.A are madeB will be madeC are being madeD have been made【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，未来几年将会有更多的努力来

44、加快供给侧结构性改革。本句的时间状语in the years ahead"在将来的几年”和一般将来时连用，且 efforts与动词 make 构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B 项正确。36 An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed at the Meridian Gate Gallery.A was held B would hold C has hold D will be held【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。【详解】句意：午门画廊将展出885 件文物。上文中的t

45、o be displayed 表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition 与谓语动词hold 构成被动关系，故用will be held 。故选D。37 in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.A. Being dressed; pick outB. Dressed; pick outC. Dressed; be picked outD. Having dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被

46、认出来。be dressed in穿着，作状语表状态，故用 dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形 式表达被动意思，所以用 pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1 .主语+ be +adj. +to do。能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome（使人疲劳的）,interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc. 注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补 足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2 .主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。3 .主语+be +too +adj. +to do。4 .不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主 动形式表被动概念。I have a meeting to attend