英国文学简史复习资料(整理版)

1、1. OldEnglishLiterature&theLateMedievalAges<Beowulf>贝奥武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsGeoffreyChaucer杰弗里疥叟1340（?）1400ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.<TheCanterburyTales欢特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse,heroiccouplet?；双韵体）bymiddleEnglish<TroilusandCriseyde>#罗伊拉斯和克莱希德<TheHouseofFame*誉之宫IITheRen

2、aissancePeriodAperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissancetheactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Three

3、historicaleventsoftheRenaissancerebirthorrevival:1. newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology2. thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansion3. rediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeareBenJohnson.WilliamShakespeare威廉失土比亚15641616_Historicalplays:He

4、nryVI亨利六世；HenryIV:RichardIII查理三世；HenryV；RichardII;HenryVIIIFourComedies:<AsYouLikeIt>皆大欢喜；TwelfthNight>第十二夜；<AMidsummerNight?SDreamH43!夜之梦；<MerchantOfVenice>M/S斯商人FourTragedies:<Hamlet>（姆莱特；<Othello>奥赛罗;<KingLear>李尔王；<Macbeth>麦克白®ShakespeareSonnett54<

5、;TheSonnets>Threequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.thecomedyoferrors错中错，TheTamingoftheshrew驯悍记RomeoandJuliet罗密欧与朱丽叶TitusAndronicus泰特斯安特洛尼克斯,Love'slabour'slost（爱的徒劳）Muchadoaboutnothing（无事生非）The

6、merrywivesofWindsor.温莎的风流娘们KingJohn约翰王All'swellthatendswell终成眷属Measureformeasure（一报还一报）Bacon:OfStudies;OfBeauty；OfMarriageandSingleLifeEnglishBourgeoisRevolution<TheAdvancementofLearning学术的推进III:theperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolution.Milton:16081674ParadiseLost;SamsonAgoniste跳土参到'）;Onth

7、emorningofChrist'sNativity,Pamdisc二Regained复乐园<OnHis81访门6$>我的失明<Areopagitica>论出版自由_<TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople为英国人民声辩Bunyan:1628-1688_ReligionaryAllegory:<ThePilgrim?sProgress次路历程_GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinner;theHolyWarJohnDon:theMetaphysicalpoet医学派诗人）.MetaphysicalPoetry国

8、学诗）：（用语）thedictionissimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,（形式）theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet'sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主题：love,religious,thought）TheFlea;跳蚤ForbbidingMourning,SongsAndSonnets歌与十四行诗，emergentoccasions突变弓I起的诚念HelysonnetsIVThe18thCentury:EnlightenmentArevivalofinterestinthe

9、oldclassicalworks,order,logic,restrainedemotion（抑制情感）andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason（rationality）,equality&science（the18hcentury）小说崛起：Inthemid-century,thenewlyliteraryform,modernEng

10、lishnovelrised（realisticnovel现实主义小说）Gothicnovel（哥特式/、说）：mystery,horror,castles（frommiddleparttotheendofcentury）JonathanSwift乔纳森刖威夫特16671745（十八世纪杰出的政论家和讽刺小说家amastersatirist）<Gulliver?sTrave©格列佛游记fictionalwork）Fourparts:Lilliput小人国Brobdingnag大人国FlyingIsland飞岛Houyhnhnm马岛<AModestProposal一个小小的

11、建议_<TheBattleofBooks书战<ATaleofaTub4桶的故事_<TheDrapper?sLetters一个麻布商的书信BickerstaffAlmanac比克斯塔福历书DanielDefoe丹尼尔加福16601731（小说家，新闻记者，小册子作者；十八世纪英国现实主义小说的奠基人。）Heisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageissmooth,easy,colloquialandmostlyvernacular,andheisthefounderofrealisticnovel.<R

12、obinson_Crusoe>#宾逊漂流记ItpraisethefortitudeofthehumanlaborandthePuritan.Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.Itisanadventurestory,Robinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24-yearst

13、hereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.<MollFlanders><ColonelJacque><Captainsingleton>辛格顿M3长HenryFieldingi尔丁17071754ThefunderoftheEnglishrealisticworldHeiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel”.Hewasthefirsttowritea“Comicepicinprose”（散文体史诗），andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructurea

14、ndstyle.novels:<TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling>弃婴汤姆？琼斯<TheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews>约瑟夫？安德鲁<TheLifeofMrJonathanWild,theGreat>大诗人江奈生？威尔德<Amelia>爱米利亚_plays:<TheHistoricalRegisterfor1736>一七三六年历史记事<DonQuixoteinEngland>堂吉柯德在英国_WilliamBlake威廉？布莱克17571827<

15、;SongsofInnocence认真之歌Ahappyandinnocentworldfromchildren?seye.<SongsofExperience>经验之歌Awordofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefrommeneyes.Include:<TheChimneySweeper>扫烟囱的/J、孩<London><TheTyger>LambisasymbolofpeaceandpurityTygerisasymbolofdreadandoiolence&

16、lt;TheMarriageofHeavenandHell>天堂与地狱的婚姻_RobertBurns罗伯特？彭斯17591796ThegreatestScottishpoetinthelate18thcentury.PoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗<JohnAnderson,MyJo>约翰？安德生，我的爱人，ChieflyintheScottishDialect,苏格兰抒情歌谣集<ARed,RedRose>一朵红红的玫瑰<AuldLong_Syne>友谊地久天长<AMan?saManforA?

17、That>不管那一套_<M>Heart'siullie_HiglilandQ我的心在那高原上<BruceAtBannockburn><TheTreeOfLiberty>自由树FarewelltoScotland再见苏格兰VTheRomanticPeriodTheromanticperiodbeganin1798thepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge?s<LyricalBallads>,andendin1832withSirWalterScott?sdeath.Romanticism:Itemph

18、asizethespecialqualitieofeachindividual'smind.(人应该是独立自由的个体)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.TwomajornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realist

19、ic)andWalterScott(romantic).“TheLakePoets”湖畔诗人，wholivedinthelakedistrict.WilliamWordsworth;SamuelTaylorColeridge;RobertSoutheyWilliamWordsworth威廉珅兹华斯17701850<LyricalBallads>抒情歌谣集(withSamuelTaylorColeridge)<IWonderedLonelyAsACloud>MyHeartLeapsupWhenIBehold,AboveTinternAbbey;IntimationsofI

20、mmortalityLinesComposedAFewMilesAboveTinternAbbeyTheSolitaryReaper孤独的害U麦女<ThePrelude序曲GeorgeGordonByron乔?台?戈登？拜伦1788T824(拜伦式英雄Byronicheroes孤傲、狂热、浪漫，却充满了反抗精神。内心充满了孤独与苦闷，却又蔑视群小。恰尔德？哈罗德是拜伦诗歌中第一个“拜伦式英雄”。)_“Byronichero"isaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin,againsttyrannicalrulesormoralprinc

21、iples.<DonJuan>唐？璜<ChildeHarold'sPilgrimage>恰尔德？哈罗德尔游记<Cain>该隐<WhenWeTwoParted>当初我们俩分别<SheWalksInBeauty>MySoulisDark;TheFirstKissofLove;PersyByssheShelley波西？比希？雪莱17921822PoeticDrama:<PrometheusUnbound解放了的普罗米修斯Theme:thedramacelebraiesman？svictoryovertyrannyandoppr

22、ession<QueenMab>麦布女王<RevoltofIslam>伊斯兰的反叛<TheCenci>钦契一家<ADefenceofPoetry>诗辩<TheNecessityofAtheism无神论的必要性Lyrics:<OdetotheWestWind>西风颂Love'sPhilosophy;TheCloud;ToaSkylark(致云雀);.>11II-七：；二约翰？济慈17951821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名诗句。)Fourgreatodes:<OdeonaGrecianUrn>希腊古

23、瓮颂<OdetoaNightingale>夜莺颂<OdetoPsycheAl!、灵颂<OdeOnMelancholy>忧郁颂<ToAutumn>秋颂一IsabellaVITheVictorianPeriod1832-1900EnglishCriticalRealism(VictorianEra)Commonsenseandmoralpropreity,againbecamethepredominantpreoccupation.Criticalrealistswereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommonpeoplean

24、deverydayevents.CharlesDickens查尔斯？狄更斯18121870(批判现实主义小说家)thegreatestrepresentativeofEnglishcriticalrealistwriter<ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub>匹克威克外传OliverTwist>奥利弗？特维斯特(雾都孤儿) <TheOldCuriosityShop>老古玩店 <AChristmasCarol>圣诞颂歌 <DombeyandSon>董贝父子<DavidCopperfield>大

25、卫？科波菲尔BleakHouse>荒凉山庄<HardTimes>艰难时世 <ATaleofTwoCities>双城记(London&Paris) <GreatExpectations>远大前程 <OurMutualFriend>我们共同的朋友SketchesbyBoz;AmericanNotes美国札记WilliamMakepeaceThackeray威廉？麦克匹斯？萨克雷1811T863VanityFair>oraNovelwithoutaHero名禾U场(thenameisanexcerptfrom<ThePilgr

26、im'sProgress>byJohnBunyan)<TheBookOfSnobs>Cox'sDiary庸人之书JaneAusten简？奥斯丁17711817口Shecomparedherworkstoafineengravinguponaliterarypieceofivoryonlyinchessquire.<SenseandSensibility>理智与感情<PrideandPrejudic>傲慢与偏见MansfieldPark>曼斯菲尔彳i庄园<Emma>爱玛<NorthangerAbbey>诺桑觉

27、寺Persuasion劝导CharlotteBronte夏洛蒂？勃朗特18161855<JaneEyre>简？爱<Shirley>雪莉Professor>教师EmilyBronte艾米莉？勃朗特18181854<WutherillgLIUe地呼啸山庄OldStoic>GeorgeEliot乔?台？艾略特181SM880U<TheMillontheFloss>弗洛斯河上的磨坊<Adailll灰加>亚当？比德SilasJMarner织工马南<Middlemarch>米德尔马契MidandLate19thCenturyRo

28、bertBrowning罗伯特？白朗宁18121889MyLastDutchess>我已故的公爵夫人HomeThoughtsFromAbroad>海外乡思MenandWomen;DramaticLyrics;PippaPaaaes;TheRingandtheBook;ElizabethBarrettBrowing:<SonnetfromthePortuguese葡萄牙十四行诗Christina.G.Rossetti:1830-1894SeekandFind;AStoryforGirls;Song;ABirthdayVII19001950The20thCenturyPlaywr

29、ights OscarWilde GeorgeBernardShawHenrryJames:thewingsofadove;aportraitofawomen;DaisyMiller;theambassadors;thegoldenbowlGeorgeBernardShaw乔?台?伯纳？萧1856T950（英国杰出的批判现实主义剧作家）criticalrealisticdramatistPlaysUnpleasant<MrsWarren'SProfession华伦夫人的职业<Widowers'Houses>鳏夫的房产PlaysPleasant<ArmsA

30、ndMan>武器与人<TheManOfDestiny>左右命运的人Plays<ManAndSuperman>人与超人<Pygmalion>匹格玛利翁<TheAppleCart>苹果车<SclintII圣女贞德HeartbreakHouse.ThomasrHardy托马斯？哈代18401928（小说多以农村生活为背景；自然主义小说家。Wessexnovels;novelsofcharacterandenvironment）?Novels<TessOfTheD'Urbervilles>德伯家的苔丝Theme:exper

31、ienceisastointensity,andnotastoduration<JudeTheObscure>无名的裘德<UnderTheGreenwoodTree>绿荫下mFarFgrrTTheMaddingCh用4>远离尘嚣<TheMayorOfCasterbridge>卡斯特桥市长<TheReturnoftheNative>还乡?Poems:WessexPoemsAndOtherVerses,PoemsOfThePastAndPresentTheDynasts列国OscarWilde奥斯卡？王尔德18561900salome（TheA

32、estheticMovement:ArtforArt'sSake） 4Comedies:<TheImportanceOfBeingEarnest>认真的重要<LadyWindermere;sFan>温德米尔夫人的扇子<AWomanOfNoImportance>一个无足轻重的女人<AnIdealHusband>理想的丈夫 Novel:<ThePictureOfDorianGray>多利安？格雷的画像 FairyStories:<TheHappyPrinceAndOtherTales>快乐王子故事集TheTruthOf

33、Masks.WilliamButlerYeats威廉渤特勒？十茨18651939（爱尔兰诗人，居【J作家；TheIrishnationalistmovement爱尔兰独立运动；TheIrishLiteraryRevival爱尔兰文艺复兴；TheIrishLiteraryTheater,ortheAbbeyTheater爱尔兰民族剧团）?collections<TheWindAmongTheReeds>苇风<Responsibilities>责任<TheTower>塔<TheWindingStair>旋转的楼梯?Poems<Easter191

34、6或活节，1916<TheSecondComing>第二次来临/冉世<SailingToByzantium>到拜占庭航行WhenYouareOldTheLakeIsleofInnisfree;ThomasSternsEliot（诗人，剧作家，批评家）?Poems<TheWasteLand><FourQuartets>四个四重奏<TheLoveSongOfJ.AlfredPrufrock>?Plays<MurderInTheCathedral>大教堂谋杀案MorningattheWindow;DavidHerbertLawr

35、ence戴维嬲伯特然伦斯18851930Modernist<SonsAndLovers>X子与情人（autobiographical）®<TheRainbow>#H<WomenInLove>恋爱中的女人<LadyChatterley?sLove>查特莱夫人的情人JamesUJoyce詹姆斯？乔伊斯18821941Modernist（爱尔兰小说家，意识流小说的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness<Ulysses>尤禾【J西斯（S_O_C）<APortraitOfTheArtistAsAYoungMan>一个青年艺术家的肖像<FinnegansWake芬尼根的苏醒<Dubliners>者B柏林人VirginiaWoolf弗吉尼娅？沃尔芙18821941Modernist（意识流/卜说的代表人物）stream-of-consciousnessNovels<Mrs口Dall。5达洛维夫人<ToTheLighthouse灯塔去<TheWaves>®<TheLighthouse&