语法专题复习动词和动词短语

1、语法专题复习 动词和动词短语考点一动词词义辨析1While intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.Asacrifice Bsubstitute Csimplify Dsurvive2Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs.Acheck Ballow Cstop Dhelp3A good listener takes part in th

2、e conversation, _ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.Arealizing Bcopying Coffering Dmisunderstanding考点二动词短语辨析4In much of the animal world, night is the time _ for sleep pure and simple.Aset aside Bset down Cset off Dset up5Butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bee

3、s and other insects collect.Acarry on Bfeed on Cput on Dfocus on6Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires.Aget away Btake over Cset off Drun out7Mother always complains that children _ their shoes very quickly.2·1·c·n·j·yAfind out Bwash out Cwear out Dset out一、

4、动词词义辨析It is thought by some people that E­books might substitute traditional books in the future because of various advantages of E­books over paper ones.有些人认为，将来电子书籍可能取代传统书籍，因为电子书籍较纸质书籍有很多优势。The watch was very good, and he paid 20 percent down for it.(2013·新课标卷)那块表很不错，他以20%的折扣价买下了它。A

5、ccording to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.(2012·浙江高考)21*cnjy*com根据科学家的研究，我们的智力在22岁达到最高水平后从27岁开始下降。Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I can't deny that her remarks hurt me.(2011·江苏高考)你还在生她的气吗？不那么生气了，不过，我

6、不能否认她的话伤害了我。动词词义辨析一直都是高考考查的重点，这类题绝大多数情况下所给的四个选项的含义各不相同，没有关联性，此时考查的是对题干和语境的理解。近三年全国各地高考考查到的还有：sacrifice (牺牲); substitute (代替); simplify (简化); surviveconclude; lead; avoid (避免); holdpersuade(说服); promise; invite; supportopen; narrow; widen; leavemake; turn; take; havesponsor (赞助); launch (发射); organiz

7、e; plantell; remind (提醒); warn; advise二、动词短语辨析短语动词是由动词与介词、名词或副词结合在一起而组成的。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。【出处：21教育名师】1动词副词break down坏掉；分解；垮下来 break up 打碎；分解；分手bring down 使降低，使下降 come out 出现，出版，结果是cut down 砍倒；削减 get over 克服make out 辨认出 put away 收起；储存set aside 拨出；置于一旁 set off 出发，引爆take off 起飞，腾飞；脱掉 take over

8、 接管turn out 结果是，证明是 turn down 拒绝，把音量开小work out 解出，进展顺利，锻炼身体 figure out 弄清，搞明白Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.(2013·安徽高考)21世纪教育网版权所有传统上，大学生在开始他们的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。 Old­fashioned phones matter when

9、wireless networks break down in disasters.(2013·福建高考)21无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。点津“动词副词”搭配构成的短语，其宾语若为代词，应放在动词与副词中间。如put it on, think it over。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】2动词介词break into 破门而入 believe in 信任begin with 以开始 come across 偶然碰到depend on 依靠 go through 从穿过see to 处理 come to 共计look into 调查 set about 着手

10、做bring about 引起，导致 agree with 同意，适合I'm so glad you've come here to see to this matter in person.(2012·湖北高考)我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you, I suppose. (陕西高考)你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。3动词副词介词add up to 加起来；总共 break away from 躲开；脱离catch up w

11、ith 赶上；超过 do away with 废除go in for 从事；参加 put up with 忍受；容忍get along with 与相处；进展 get on with 与相处；进展keep out of 使不进入 look forward to 盼望live up to 达到；不辜负 get down to 着手做come up with 想出，提出 look up to 尊敬get across to 使明白，使清楚He will have to find some other work, for he can't put up with this loud nois

12、e any more.他必须找其他工作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪音。A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means.一个好的演讲者应该让听众明白他所表达的含义。4动词名词介词catch sight of 突然发现 make use of 利用pay attention to 注意 make sense of 理解take notice of 注意到 take the place of 代替take part in 参加 take pride in 为自豪make sense

13、of 理解 take advantage of 利用make room for 为腾出空间 keep up with 与保持联系James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television.(天津高考)为给电视机腾出空间，吉姆把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to make good use of it.2这所学校并不是我真正想去的学

14、校，但既然来了，我还是想充分利用它。1.She has_tears because she needs to be “that strong one” and because now it is time to fight, she says, not to Abrought back Bgiven back Cheld back Dlooked back2Despite the fact that all three teams _ different approaches to the problem, they were all immediate successes.21教育名师原创作

15、品Aadopted Battained Cadapted Dattached3For the dance she had been looking forward to for many days, she wore her best clothes that she _ in the closet.Aset down Bset aside Cset out Dset off4He became confused because the book contains new ideas which _ what he has been taught to believe.Acontradict

16、Bassess Cacknowledge Dconfirm5I have decided to _ some furniture for my living room, but I'm at a complete loss as to which brand to buy.Adecorate Blaunch Cmaintain Dpurchase6They built strong walls along the borders to _ those who wanted to do them harm.Acut out Bput out Cwork out Dkeep out7The

17、y worked hard and many saved enough money to buy their own land.In this way they came to _ the sugar industry on many parts of the Queensland coast.Adominate Bcontradict Cprohibit Daccumulate8What is most important is facing the hard times, _ the changes, and getting through to the other side where

18、the sun is still shining just for you.21*cnjy*comAmeeting with Bagreeing with Cgoing with Dcoping with9The Chinese football team had experienced a series of reforms.However, its performances【in Shenzhen in October _ all the people, especially the crazy fans.Aknocked down Blet down Cpulled down Dbrou

19、ght down10WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange was in court today, and when asked for his address he said he didn't want to _ that information.Agive out Bkeep out Chold out Dbring out11Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal, which they think will_ the worsening of the

20、 environment.Aadapt to Brefer to Csubscribe to Dcontribute to12I'm looking for a job in which I can _ the different aspects of my experience so far.Acombine Bassociate Ccomprise Daccumulate 基础训练1.The Fifth Euro-Asia Economic Forum, held in Xi'an on 1st October, 2013, is aimed to _ economic e

21、xchanges between Asia and Europe.【出处：21教育名师】A. preserve B. promote C .accomplish D. update 2.Before the economic crisis came John had sensed the firm was to be ruined and he _ just in time. A. pulled out B. pulled off C. pulled up D. pulled down21世纪教育网3. I have to _ my old Samsung mobile phone befor

22、e I buy a more advanced model.A. do with B. disapprove of C. cope with D. dispose of4.The food served in this restaurant especially health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil.A. appeals to B. adapts to C. belongs to D. sees to5. Last night, we attended a

23、 concert _ music by Haydn and Mozart, which was a feast for the ears.A. featuring B. promoting C. generating D. bewaring6.With their market share shrinking, analysts _ that their profits have fallen by around 15%.21*cnjyA. accomplish B. reckon C. promote D. urge【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】7. While I _that he i

24、s an excellent leader, I dont think he can do a good job in this company because he is too careless.A. reflect     B. recommend        C. acknowledge       D. urge8. Lily was talking to our teacher about examination

25、, when suddenly Tom _.21教育网A. cut off     B. cut out       C. cut up       D. cut in9.The discovery of the oil field, to the delight of the whole nation, will largely _ the countrys dependence on imports of energy.A. adj

26、ustB. affectC. settleD. ease10.With the living expense increasing rapidly, I, a fresh clerk in a company, have to take three part-time jobs, which _ about extra $ 4,000 a yearA bring in B take in C get in D put in11. Good ads may well _ the consumers emotional needs as well as providing information.

27、A. see to B. turn to C. lead to D. refer to12. A good listener takes part in the conversation, _ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.A.realizing B. copying C. offering D. misunderstanding13. The policy will _a chain reaction of automatic spending cuts that can lead to thousands of jo

28、b losses.A. set downB. set offC. set outD. set about14.With help from all parts of the country, the people in the flooded area managed to _ that harsh winter.A. get throughB. look throughC. come upD. get out15.Jess was sad and her friend helped her _the first awful weeks after her husband

29、Bill died. A. break through B. break down C. get through D. get rid of16.MoYan, a literary giant, himself as the first Chinese to win The Nobel Prize for literature by writing splendid, influential books which are also best-sellersA motivated B devoted C distinguished D justified 提高强化1. There is no

30、denying that although the educational systems have been _ a lot, the loads of the students are still very heavy. 来源:21世纪教育网A. transformed B. transported C. transferred D. transmitted2. Apple Inc. has _ the news to the public that Iphone5S is coming to market and the remarkable innovation inside Ipho

31、ne5S is the brand-new technology of Touch ID. A. relieved B. released C. related D. remarked【版权所有：21教育】3. The school refuses to the student whose face was terribly burnt just because he might scare others, as every child has the right to attend school.A. tolerate B. represent C. admit D. dismiss2-1-

32、c-n-j-y4. Market research company GFK conducted the study, which that only 53% of Americans actively enjoy their jobs, and 15% actively dislike them. A. exaggerated B. revealed C. recommended D. contradicted5. Considering the boys around Tom a bad influence on him, his parents dont like him _ them.A

33、. corresponding with B. fascinating with C. associating with D. conflicting with6.Cartoons should _ social morality and family values and avoid violent scenes, including those that children could easily imitate.A. demonstrateB. advocateC. approveD. resolve 7. The government has been under growing pr

34、essure to _ the causes of air pollution as smog frequently smothers the countrys large cities.A. releaseB. scheduleC. addressD. maintain 8.On no account can parents always _ with the children, otherwise they will become more greedy and come up with more unreasonable requests. A. compromise B. overlo

35、ok C. disapprove D. cooperate9. Many parents prefer kindergartens to spend more time teaching math and Chinese to help their kids _ an early lead in primary school performance.A. bring upB. take upC. build upD. add up10. Women are now achieving higher economic and social status. These changes _ marr

36、iage into a mutually (互相地) satisfying partnership.A. rangeB. exchangeC. varyD. transform 11.To reduce emissions (排放) and waste, Tianjin has _ the European Union to fund one of China's first “industrial symbiosis” programmes.A. sped up withB. mixed up withC. put up withD. teamed up with12. Emails

37、 are efficient and convenient, but the best way to _ a message is still to talk it out in person.A. attend toB. break through C. result fromD. get across语法专题复习 动词和动词短语解析：选C考查动词辨析。句意：聪明的人常常能把复杂的事情简单化，而愚蠢的人更可能把简单的问题复杂化。根据句意可知，这里用simplify与后面的the simple对应，the complex与后面的complicate呼应。sacrifice“牺牲”；substi

38、tute“代替”；survive“幸存”。解析：选D考查动词辨析。句意：尽量不要过多咳嗽，因为咳嗽过多可能引发你的肺部问题。not more than one can help意为“能少尽量少”，符合句意。解析：选C考查动词辨析。句意：善于倾听的人在谈话的时候，往往会提出想法和问题，从而使得谈话能流畅地进行下去。offer“提供，主动提出”，符合句意。realize“意识到”；copy“复制”；misunderstand“误解”。解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很多动物世界里，夜晚完全是用来睡觉的时间。pure and simple“完全是，不折不扣是”。set aside“留出，拨出(时

39、间等)”，符合句意。set down“写下”；set off“出发，引起”；set up“建立”。21·cn·jy·com解析：选B考查动词短语辨析。句意：蝴蝶以花产生的一种甜甜的液体为食，蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。carry on“继续”；feed on“以为食物”；put on“上演，穿上”；focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于上)”。根据句意可知应选B。解析：选B考查动词短语辨析。句意：米切尔退休时布里格斯将接任总经理职务。take over“接管，接收”，符合句意。get away“脱身”；set off“出发”；run out“用完”。解析：选C

40、考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲总是抱怨孩子们的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用坏，(使)磨损”，符合语境。find out“查明”；wash out“把洗掉”；set out“启程，动身”y解析：选C考查动词短语辨析。句意：她已经抑制住泪水，因为她需要成为坚强的人，她说，因为现在到了战斗，而不是哀悼的时候。hold back“抑制住(泪水、愤怒)”；bring back“拿回来”；give back“归还”；look back“回头看”。www.21-cn-解析：选A考查动词辨析。句意：尽管三个队伍采取了不同的解决方法，但这些方法都立刻奏效了。adopt“采纳，采取”，符合句意。attain

41、“获得，达到”；adapt“(使)适应，调整”；attach“连接，附上”。解析：选B句意：这场舞会她已经期盼好久了，她穿上她留在衣柜中的最好衣服。set aside“留出，拨出”，符合题意。set down“记下”；set out“开始，出发”；set off“出发，引起”。解析：选A句意：他被弄糊涂了，因为这本书里讲的新观点驳斥了他所学的。contradict“与矛盾，驳斥”，符合题意。assess“评估”；acknowledge“承认”；confirm“证实”。解析：选D句意：我已经决定为我的起居室添置一些家具，但完全不知道购买什么品牌的家具。purchase“添置，购买”，符合题意。d

42、ecorate“装饰”；launch“发射”；maintain“维持，维修”。解析：选D句意：他们沿着边界建起坚实的城墙，不让想伤害他们的那些人入侵。keep out“阻止进入”，符合题意。cut out“删去，裁剪”；put out“熄灭，出版”；work out“制订”。解析：选A考查动词辨析。句意：他们努力工作，很多人省下了足够的钱买了他们自己的土地，这样他们就控制了昆士兰海岸很多地方的制糖业。dominate“控制，支配”，符合句意。contradict“反驳，与矛盾”；prohibit“禁止”；accumulate“积聚”。解析：选D考查动词短语辨析。句意：最重要的是正视艰难时刻，应

43、对变化，到达太阳仍只为你发光的那一边。这里用cope with表示“对付，应付”。meet with“遇见”；agree with“同意”；go with“伴随”。解析：选B考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国足球队已经经历了一系列的改革。然而，它十月份在深圳的表现让所有的人失望，尤其是疯狂的球迷们。let down“使失望”，符合句意解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：维基解密创始人Julian Assange今天出庭，当法官问他住址时，他回答说，他不想公布这一信息。give out“公布，宣布”符合句意。keep out“阻止进入”；hold out“坚持”；bring out“出版”。解析：选D考

44、查动词短语辨析。句意：大多数与会者都不看好这一提议，他们认为它会导致环境的恶化。contribute to“导致，是的原因之一”，符合句意。解析：选A考查动词辨析。句意：目前我正在寻找一份能综合应用我不同经验的工作。combine“(使)结合，组合，综合”，符合句意。associate“把某人/某物与联系起来”；comprise“构成，组成”；accumulate“积累，积聚”。 解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2013年10月在西安举行的第五届欧亚经济论坛旨在促进亚洲和欧洲之间的经济交流。promote提升，促进，推销，符合句意。其他三个选项preserve 保存，保留；accompli

45、sh 完成；update更新，都不符合句意，选B。解析：A考查动词短语辨析。句意：在经济危机到来之前，John感觉到公司将要被毁掉，他及时退出了。pulled out拔出，退出,驶离；pulled off停车，成功完成；pulled up停车；pulled down毁坏，拆毁；感觉。根据句意可知A正确。解析：D本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我买更先进的手机之前，我不得不将我旧的三星手机处理掉。do with 需要；处理；disapprove of 不同意； cope with 对付；dispose of 解决；将某物处理掉。根据句意可知D项正确。21·世纪*教育网解析：考查动词短语辨

46、析。句意： 因为每道菜都限制油脂摄入，十分健康，所以这个餐馆里提供的食物对重视健康的食客们尤其具有吸引力。appeal to“ 向投诉;向呼吁;对有吸引力”； adapt to“使适应于”；belong to“属于”；see to“照料；料理”。由句意可知，答案为A。解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意:昨晚，我们去听了以Havdn和Mozart的作品为专题的音乐会，那是一饮听觉的盛宴。feature“使有特色;描写的特征”；promote“提升”; generate“产生，发电”；beware“当心”。根据句意选A.21教育名师原创作品解析：B考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着他们市场份额的萎缩，分析家

47、认为他们的利润已经下降15%。accomplish完成; reckon估计，认为; promote提升; urge督促。根据句意选B项。解析：C考查动词词义辨析。句意:尽管我承认他是位很优秀的领导，但是我想他不能在公司干好工作，因为他太粗心了。 reflect反映，反思;recommend推荐; acknowledge承认;urge强烈要求。根据句意可知应该选择C项。21世纪教育网版权所有解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:莉莉正在和老师谈论关于考试的事情，这时汤姆突然插话。cut off切断;cut out剪下;cut up切碎;cut in插话。根据句意可知应该选择D项。解析：D考查动词词义

48、辨析。句意:油田的发现，令整个国家都很高兴，很大程度地减轻了这个国家对于进口能源的依赖。adjust调整;affect影响; settle解诀；ease。根据句意可知应该选择D项。www-2-1-cnjy-com解析：A考查动词短语辨析。句意:因为生活费的迅速增加，我一个公司的新职员不得不做三份兼职工作，这每年可以赚4,000美元。bring in引进，赚钱；take in吸收，理解欺骗；setin收割; put in置入。根据句意可知应该选择A项。解析：A考查动词短语辨析。句意:好的广告很可能在提供信息的同时，也照顾到消费者的情感需求。see to照料，处理；turn to转向; lead

49、to导致，通向; refer to参考，指的是，提到。根据句意可知应该选择A项。21世纪教育网解析：C考查动词词义的区分。句意:一个好的听众参与谈话，提出意见和间题使谈话进行下去。realize意识到; copy抄写;offer提供；misunderstand误解。根据句意可知应该选择C项。解析：B考查动词短语辨析。句意:这项政策将会引起无意识的花费减少的连锁反应，这会导致成千上万的人丢掉工作。set down记下; set off引起; set out动身; set about开始做某事。根据句意可知应该选择B项。来源:21世纪教育网解析：A考查动词短语辨析。句意：在全国各地的帮助下，洪水地

50、区的人们能设法度过严峻的冬天。get throw约接通，完成，度过；look through浏览;come up想出，提出; get out出去。根据句意可知应该选择A项。2·1·c·n·j·y解析：C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在丈夫Bill去世后，Jess很难过，她的朋友帮助她度过前几个难过的星期。break through突破；break down崩溃，垮掉，抛锚；get through 接通，度过，完成；get rid of克服。根据句意可知应该选择C项。解析：C考查动词词义辨析。句意:莫言，一个文学巨匠，通过写为众人所推崇的有影响力的同时也是畅销的书，做为第一个获得诺贝尔又学奖的中国人而著名。motivate激发勉励，使振作；devote专献，投入；distinguish 区分，使杰出；justify证明有理，为辩护 。根据句意可知应该选择C项。解析：A考查动词短语辨析。句意：不可否认尽管教育制度已经有了很大的改变