第二章饱和脂肪烃 上

1、C C H H3 3C C H H3 3（ 乙乙 烷烷 ）烷烷 烃烃饱饱 和和 烃烃C C H H2 2= = C C H H2 2（ 乙乙 烯烯 ）烯烯 烃烃C C2 2H H2 2( ( 乙乙 炔炔 ) )炔炔 烃烃不不 饱饱 和和 烃烃开开 链链 烃烃 （ 脂脂 肪肪 烃烃 ）环环 己己 烷烷脂脂 环环 烃烃C C6 6H H6 6（ 苯苯 ）芳芳 香香 烃烃闭闭 链链 烃烃 （ 环环 烃烃 ）烃烃CCHHHHCHHCHHHHCCHHHHCHHHHC2H6C3H8C4H10C5H12CH4H HCHHCHHHHCHHC CHHHHHHCHHCHHHCHCHHHHCHHCHHHCHHCHH

2、CHHHCHHHCHCCHHHHHHCHHCHHHCHHCHHCHHCHHHCHHHCHCCHHCHHHHHHCCHCHCHC HHHHHHHHHCH3CH2CHCH3CCH3CH3CH31。1。1。1。1。2。3。4。 分别与伯、仲、叔碳原子相连的氢原子，则相应分别与伯、仲、叔碳原子相连的氢原子，则相应称为称为。（。（ ）( (注；无季氢原子注；无季氢原子) )伯、仲、叔氢原子：伯、仲、叔氢原子：CCCCCH3CH CH3CH3名称名称熔点熔点沸点沸点正丁烷正丁烷-138.3 -0.5 异丁烷异丁烷-159.4 -11.7 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC123CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

3、CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCH3CHCH2CH3CH3CH2CH3CH3CH3CCH312345612356H3CH2CCH2CHCH3CHCH3H3CCH2CH3CCH3CH2CH3CCH3H3CCH2CH3CH3CHCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3CHCHCH2CH3CH2CH3CH3CH3CHCH2CHCH2CH2CH3CHCHCH3CH3CH3CH2CH31 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 99 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 110 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1CH3CCH2CH3CH2CH3123452,2CH3CH3CHCH2CH

4、3CHCH2CH2CH2CH3CHCH3CH3CHCHCH2CH3CH3CH2CH3CH2CH2CH3CHCH2CH3CHCH3CH2CH3CH2CH33甲基4乙基己烷4甲基3乙基己烷CH2CHCH212345CH3CH2CCH3CH367CH3CH3CH312345672,2,4,6-四甲基庚烷而不是2,4,6,6-CHCHCH12345CH3CH2CHCH3CH3CH2H2CCH3672,3,5-三甲基-4-丙基庚烷2,3,-二甲基-4-仲丁基庚烷CH3CH3HCH3CCH2CH3CH2CH3123452（CH3）2CHCH（CH3）CH2CH31,3二甲基戊烷二甲基戊烷2,3二甲基戊烷二甲基戊烷CHCHCHCH CHCH3CH2CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3 2,3,5三甲基三甲基4异丙基庚烷异丙基庚烷CHCHCH2CHCH3CH3CHCH3CH2CH2CH2CH3CH3CH32甲基5乙基4异丙基