MATLAB(GUI)数字图像处理实验报告资料

1、20122013学年第二学期课程名称：教学实践:软硬件提高训练任课教师： 题 目：MATLAB数字图像处理学号：ROB12023姓名： 年级：2012级专业：自动化评语：成绩： 评卷人：提交日期： 年 月 日1.设计目的利用MATLAB的GUI程序设计一个简单实用的图像处理程序。该程序应具备图像处理的常用功能，以满足要求。2.设计要求设计程序有以下基本功能：1）图像的读取、保存和程序退出2）图像转化为灰度图像3）底片处理（反色）4）截图5）亮度和对比度度调节6）图像的翻转与旋转7）添加噪声8）平滑和锐化9）直方图均衡化处理10）图像的腐蚀和膨胀11）边缘检测12）还原和撤销3.总体设计4.程序

2、与运行结果4.1图像的读取、保存和程序退出1图像读取1）主要程序A=imread(str) %读取图片imshow(A) %显示图片2）运行结果 2图像保存1）主要程序imwrite(handles.img,sfilefullname); %图像的保存2）运行结果3退出1）主要程序close all; %关闭所有 2）运行结果（略）4.2图像转化为灰度图像1）主要程序C=rgb2gray(img); %将rgb彩色图像转换为灰度图2）运行结果4.3底片处理（反色）1）主要程序I=imcomplement(handles.img); %底片处理（反色）2）运行结果4.4截图1）主要程序a=imc

3、rop(handles.img); %图像的截取2）运行结果4.5亮度和对比度度调节1亮度调节1）主要程序y=imadjust(handles.img, , ,p1); %亮度调节2）运行结果2对比度调节1）主要程序f=immultiply(handles.img,p1); %对比度增强f=imdivide(handles.img,p1); %对比度减弱2）运行结果4.6图像的翻转与旋转1图像的翻转1）主要程序fliplr(b) %图像的翻转2）运行结果2图像的旋转1）主要程序f=imrotate(handles.img,p1,'bilinear','crop'

4、); %图像的旋转2）运行结果 4.7添加噪声1椒盐噪声1）主要程序f=imnoise(handles.img,'salt & pepper',p1); %添加椒盐噪声2）运行结果2高斯噪声1）主要程序f=imnoise(handles.img,'gaussian',p1,p2); %添加高斯噪声2）运行结果3乘法噪声1）主要程序f=imnoise(handles.img,'speckle',p1); %添加乘法噪声2）运行结果4.8平滑和锐化1平滑1）主要程序Imfilter % 均值滤波medfilt2 % 中值滤波2）运行结果2锐化

5、1）主要程序fspecial( ) %创建预定义的滤波算子imfilter( );imadd( ); %在实现卷积运算的基础上进行滤波2）运行结果4.9直方图均衡化处理1灰度图像1）主要程序B=histeq(C); %直方图均衡化函数2）运行结果2RGB图像1）主要程序B=histeq(C); %直方图均衡化函数2）运行结果4.10 图像的腐蚀和膨胀1图像的腐蚀1）主要程序I1=imerode(handles.img,se); %图像的腐蚀2）运行结果2图像的膨胀1）主要程序I1=imdilate(handles.img,se); %图像的膨胀2）运行结果4.11 边缘检测 1）主要程序rsl

6、t=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2); %边缘检测2）运行结果4.12 还原和撤销1还原1）主要程序global S %设计一个全局变量S，保存初始图像路径，以便之后的还原操作 2）运行结果2撤销（只能撤销一次）1）主要程序global T %设计一个全局变量S，保存每次操作原图像，以便撤销操作 2）运行结果5心得体会通过用（）设计数字图像处理界面，我掌握了有关数字图像处理的相关知识和的操作知识，让理论知识与实际相结合，做出了数字图像处理的图形用户界面。在实践前，通过一天的数字图像处理的相关知识与一天的知识的学习，掌握了其基本入门知识；然后在实践中，结合要设计要求补充自学相关知识，在

7、实践中验证理论知识，充实理论知识，加强动手能力；在实践后，总结实践过程，撰写实验报告，再次加深所学知识。6.附录代码（带注释）function varargout = dazouyematlab(varargin)%DAZOUYEMATLAB M-file for dazouyematlab.fig% DAZOUYEMATLAB, by itself, creates a new DAZOUYEMATLAB or raises the existing% singleton*.% H = DAZOUYEMATLAB returns the handle to a new DAZOUYEMATL

8、AB or the handle to% the existing singleton*.% DAZOUYEMATLAB('Property','Value',.) creates a new DAZOUYEMATLAB using the% given property value pairs. Unrecognized properties are passed via% varargin to dazouyematlab_OpeningFcn. This calling syntax produces a% warning when there is an

9、 existing singleton*.% DAZOUYEMATLAB('CALLBACK') and DAZOUYEMATLAB('CALLBACK',hObject,.) call the% local function named CALLBACK in DAZOUYEMATLAB.M with the given input% arguments.% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singlet

10、on)".% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help dazouyematlab% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 18-Jul-2014 11:52:53% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, . 'gui_Singleton',

11、gui_Singleton, . 'gui_OpeningFcn', dazouyematlab_OpeningFcn, . 'gui_OutputFcn', dazouyematlab_OutputFcn, . 'gui_LayoutFcn', , . 'gui_Callback', );if nargin && ischar(varargin1) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);endif nargout varargout1:nargout = gui

12、_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% - Executes just before dazouyematlab is made visible.function dazouyematlab_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject h

13、andle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin unrecognized PropertyName/PropertyValue pairs from the% command line (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for dazouyematlabhandles.out

14、put = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes dazouyematlab wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% - Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = dazouyematlab_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% var

15、argout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout1 = handles.output;% -

16、Executes on button press in pushbutton14.function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%退出% hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)clc;close all;close(gcf);cle

17、ar;% - Executes on button press in pushbutton15.function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%图像载入% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)filename,pathname=u

18、igetfile('*.jpg''*.bmp''*.tif','选择图片'); str=pathname filename;global S %设计一个全局变量S，保存初始图像路径，以便之后的还原操作S=str;A=imread(str);set(handles.axes1,'HandleVisibility','ON');axes(handles.axes1);imshow(A);set(handles.axes1,'HandleVisibility','OFF')

19、;axes(handles.axes2); imshow(A);cla(handles.axes2);handles.img=A;guidata(hObject,handles);% - Executes on button press in pushbutton16.function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%图像保存% hObject handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version o

20、f MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)sfilename,sfilepath=uiputfile('*.jpg''*.bmp''*.tif''*.*','保存图像文件','untitled.jpg');if isequal(sfilename,sfilepath,0,0) sfilefullname=sfilepath,sfilename; imwrite(handles.img,sfilefullna

21、me);else msgbox('取消保存','保存失败');end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton22.function pushbutton22_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%腐蚀% hObject handle to pushbutton22 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles a

22、nd user data (see GUIDATA)temp='腐蚀圆盘半径:'defans='0'p=inputdlg(temp,'请输入',1,defans);p1=str2num(p1);se=strel('disk',p1,0);global Taxes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;I1=imerode(handles.img,se);imshow(I1); handles.img=I1;guidata(hObject,handles);% - Executes on button press

23、 in pushbutton23.function pushbutton23_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%膨胀% hObject handle to pushbutton23 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)temp='膨胀结构长度:'defans='0'p=inputdlg(t

24、emp,'请输入',1,defans);p1=str2num(p1);se=strel('line',p1,0);I1=imdilate(handles.img,se);global Taxes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;imshow(I1);handles.img=I1;guidata(hObject,handles);% - Executes on button press in pushbutton21.function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%R

25、GB图象% hObject handle to pushbutton21 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global Taxes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;RGB=handles.img;R=RGB(:,:,1);G=RGB(:,:,2);B=RGB(:,:,3);G1(:,:,1)=histeq(R);G1(:,:,2)=

26、histeq(G);G1(:,:,3)=histeq(B);imshow(G1);handles.img=G1;guidata(hObject,handles);% - Executes on button press in pushbutton19.function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%添加噪声% hObject handle to pushbutton19 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB%

27、 handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)I=handles.img;global Tstr=get(handles.popupmenu7,'value');axes(handles.axes2);switch str case 1 T=handles.img; prompt='输入椒盐噪声参数1:' defans='0.02' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); f=imnoise(h

28、andles.img,'salt & pepper',p1); imshow(f); handles.img=f; guidata(hObject,handles); case 2 T=handles.img; prompt='输入高斯噪声1:','输入高斯噪声2' defans='0','0.02' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); p2=str2num(p2); f=imnoise(handles.img,'

29、gaussian',p1,p2); imshow(f); handles.img=f; guidata(hObject,handles); case 3 T=handles.img; prompt='输入乘性噪声1:' defans='0.02' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); f=imnoise(handles.img,'speckle',p1); imshow(f); handles.img=f; guidata(hObject,handles)

30、; end% - Executes on selection change in popupmenu7.function popupmenu7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: contents = cell

31、str(get(hObject,'String') returns popupmenu7 contents as cell array% contentsget(hObject,'Value') returns selected item from popupmenu7% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function popupmenu7_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popup

32、menu7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'Backgroun

33、dColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton17.function pushbutton17_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%平滑% hObject handle to pushbutton17 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be

34、defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global Tstr=get(handles.popupmenu5,'value');axes(handles.axes2);switch str case 1 T=handles.img; prompt='请输入模版维度:' defans='3' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2n

35、um(p1); h1=fspecial('average',p1 p1); I=imfilter(handles.img,h1); imshow(I); handles.img=I; guidata(hObject,handles); case 2 T=handles.img; prompt='请输入模版维度:' defans='3' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); if numel(size(handles.img)>2 A=handles.img;

36、 R=A(:,:,1); G=A(:,:,2); B=A(:,:,3); GP(:,:,1)=medfilt2(R,p1 p1); GP(:,:,2)=medfilt2(G,p1 p1); GP(:,:,3)=medfilt2(B,p1 p1); imshow(GP); handles.img=GP; else A=handles.img; I=medfilt2(A,p1 p1); imshow(I); handles.img=I; end guidata(hObject,handles); end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton20.fun

37、ction pushbutton20_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton20 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)clc;close all;close(gcf);clear;% - Executes on button press in pushbutton16

38、.function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global Tstr=get(handles.popupmenu5,'value');axes(handles.axes2)

39、;switch str case 1 T=handles.img; prompt='请输入模版维度:' defans='3' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); h1=fspecial('average',p1 p1); I=imfilter(handles.img,h1); imshow(I); handles.img=I; guidata(hObject,handles); case 2 T=handles.img; prompt='请输入模版维度:

40、' defans='3' p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); if numel(size(handles.img)>2 A=handles.img; R=A(:,:,1); G=A(:,:,2); B=A(:,:,3); GP(:,:,1)=medfilt2(R,p1 p1); GP(:,:,2)=medfilt2(G,p1 p1); GP(:,:,3)=medfilt2(B,p1 p1); imshow(GP); handles.img=GP; else A=handles.i

41、mg; I=medfilt2(A,p1 p1); imshow(I); handles.img=I; end guidata(hObject,handles); end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton18.function pushbutton18_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%锐化% hObject handle to pushbutton18 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

42、% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global Tstr=get(handles.popupmenu6,'value');axes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;g=handles.img;switch str case 1 h=fspecial('sobel'); case 2 h=fspecial('prewitt'); case 3 h=fspecial('laplacian');endif numel(size

43、(g)>2 R=g(:,:,1); G=g(:,:,2); B=g(:,:,3); R1=imfilter(R,h); GP(:,:,1)=imadd(R,R1); G1=imfilter(G,h); GP(:,:,2)=imadd(G,G1); B1=imfilter(B,h); GP(:,:,3)=imadd(B,B1); imshow(GP); handles.img=GP;else g1=g; g2=imfilter(g1,h); g3=imadd(g2,g1); imshow(g3); handles.img=g3;endguidata(hObject,handles);% -

44、 Executes on selection change in popupmenu5.function popupmenu5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(

45、hObject,'String') returns popupmenu5 contents as cell array% contentsget(hObject,'Value') returns selected item from popupmenu5% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function popupmenu5_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu5 (s

46、ee GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor&#

47、39;), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% - Executes on selection change in popupmenu6.function popupmenu6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a

48、future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String') returns popupmenu6 contents as cell array% contentsget(hObject,'Value') returns selected item from popupmenu6% - Executes during object creation, afte

49、r setting all properties.function popupmenu6_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have

50、 a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)%检测% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global Tstr=get(handles.popupmenu4,'value');axes(handles.axes2);if numel(size(handles.