数量增加或减少的翻译

1、一、数量增加的翻译（一）数量的增加表达数量的增加必须拿原来的数量作底数。 “增加增加”（了）（了） 、增长、增长”（了）（了） 、上升、上升（了）（了） 、提高（了）、提高（了）” 表示净增数，不包括底数。 “增加到（为），增长到（为），上升到增加到（为），增长到（为），上升到（为）（为）” 指增加后的总数，包括底数。 by- to to + 数量：表示具体增加多少。数量：表示具体增加多少。Forest cover rose from 18.21% in 2003 to 20.36% in 2011. 2. Our per capita GDP rose from 1,000-plus US

2、dollars to 5,432 US dollars. by +数量：表示净增数。数量：表示净增数。The project increased the transmission line by five miles.2. In the first half of this year, Chinas GDP grew by 7.8% year-on-year.(二)倍数的增加（1）“n times/ n-fold +表示增加意义的形容词或副词比较级+than” 译：比（高，大，长）n-1倍 或“是的n倍” 例1:This red dress is exactly five times more

3、 expensive than that blue one. 例2: The Yangtze River is almost 2-fold longer than the Pearl River. (2) “n times +as +表示增加的意义的形容词或副词+as” 译：是的n 倍，或比大/高/长 (n-1) 倍例1：The damage caused by the earthquake is four times as huge as the flood.例2：The book is twice as long as that one.（3）“表示增加意义的动词（如：increase,

4、grow, rise, exceed, improve, go up to）+n times”译：增加了（n-1）倍；增加到原来的n 倍。例1：The new technique improved the working conditions and raised efficiency four times.例2：Her income has increased three times since the year before. (4)“ 表示增加意义的动词+to+ n times 译：增至原来的n倍。例1：The equipment will increase the efficiency

5、 to three times. 例2：The speed exceeded the average speed to three times.（5）比较级）比较级+by+ n times/ by a factor of n. 是的n倍 或增加了n-1倍例1：The weight of this suitcase is heavier than that one by 3 times.(6) “n times +the size(length/height)/ that of ”大小/长度/高度等是的n 倍 例：Shanghai is about 4 times that of Changsh

6、a.(7) n times +upon （over/ as against）增加到增加到n 倍倍例：The temperature in summer may be 5 times over against winter.（8）“n-fold +increase/growth in size/number” 译：增加到译：增加到n倍倍例：There is a 4-fold growth in the number of stamps I have collected. two-fold increase in size.（9）“double, triple, quadruple, duplic

7、ate”例1：The African athlete doubled the score of his opponent.例2：He has tripled his income during the last few years.二、数量减少的翻译（一）“to+数量” 表示具体减少到多少 decrease to “by+数量” 表示净减数。（二）英语习惯是表示成倍的减少，汉语里没有减少了多少倍之说； 汉语说法：减少了几分之几，减少到原来的几分之几；，（1）“n times/nfold +表减少到形容词或副词比较级+than”译：减少为原来的1/n；减少了(n-1)/n This kind o

8、f material is three times thinner than ordinary paper.(2) “n times +as +表减少意义的形容词+asThe old lady walks twice as slow as her son.(3) “表减少意义的动词+to/by +n times.(4) decrease/decline/ fall + n times.(5) “be +n-fold+形容词(比较级) +than” The house is 3-fold small than that one.(6) “n-fold +表减少的名词decrease, reduc

9、tion The principal advantage over the old-fashioned machine is a four-fold reduction in weight.百分数增减n% +比较级+thann% +比较级+名词 Increase/decrease by +n%A +n%+ increase/decreaseDecrease to + n%n% +(of)+ 名词代词 John works 50 percent faster than Susan The new truck wasted 10 percent less gas. The energy suppl

10、y has increased by20%. There is a 15 percent increase of applicants as compared with last year. The cost is about 50 percent that of last year. The price of farm tools has decreased to 80%. “increased 3 times/folds”， “increased by 3 times”， “increase to 3 times”以及 “increase by a factor of 3”， 均应译为均应

11、译为“增加到增加到3倍倍”，或者，或者“增加增加2倍倍”， A is 3 times as great（long，much，）as B”， “A is 3 times greater （longer， more，）than B”， “A is 3 times the size （length， amount，）of B”， 均应译为；均应译为； “A的大小（长度，数量，的大小（长度，数量，）是）是B的的3倍倍”，或者，或者“A比比B大（长，多，大（长，多，）2倍倍”， 而不应译为而不应译为“A比比B大（长，多，大（长，多，）3倍倍”。 “decrease 3 times/folds ”； “d

12、ecrease by 3 times”； “decrease by a factor of 3” 均应译为“减少到1/3”，或者“减少2/3”。 “A is 3 times as small （light，slow，）as B”， “ A is 3 times smaller （lighter， slower，） than B”，均应译为“A的大小（重量，速度，）是B的1/3”， 或者“A比B小（轻，慢，）2/3”， 而不应译为“A比B小（轻，慢，）3倍”。 需要注意的是，增加用倍数表示，减少用分数表示。增加用倍数表示，减少用分数表示。数字翻译练习1.The Asia Pacific regi

13、on accounts for almost 60 percent of the worlds GDP. 2.The operational mileage of railways increased by 13,500 kilometers. The mileage of highways was extended by 376,000 kilometers, including the 24,600 kilometers of expressways. 3. From 2002 to 2011, Chinas GDP grew at an average annual rate of 10

14、.7%, and moved up from the sixth to the second place in the world. Our per capita GDP rose from 1,000-plus US dollars to 5,432 US dollars. 4. Chinas foreign trade volume also climbed from the sixth to the second place in the world, and foreign exchange reserves exceeded three trillion US dollars.5.

15、Our budget deficit and outstanding government debt in 2011 were 1.8% and 15.28% of the GDP, both lower than their 2002 levels of 2.57% and 16.07%.6.The ratio of non-performing loans in the banking sector went down from 15.2% at the end of 2003 to 1.8% in 2011.7.Forest cover rose from 18.21% in 2003

16、to 20.36% in 2011.8.Our current account surplus as a percentage of GDP came down to 2.8%9.The number of granted patents increased by 18.2 times.10. Over 100 million new urban jobs were created in the past ten years, including more than 10 million jobs annually for the past five consecutive years.11.

17、 More than 1.3 billion urban and rural residents subscribed to the programs and the coverage of basic medical insurance programs topped 95%. 12.Basic pension for enterprise retirees increased at an average annual rate of 10% for eight consecutive years.13.The per capita urban disposable income and p

18、er capita rural net income increased at an average annual rate of 9.2% and 8.1% respectively in real terms.14.We scaled up input in building low-income housing and raised its coverage from less than 4% in 2008 to the current 11%.15.The Consumer Price Index (CPI) in July rose 1.8% over the same period o