step-by-step-3000第二册答案

1、SpeakingTopic 1 春节词汇 Spring Festival Words节日名 Greeting season春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month bylunar calendar除夕 New Year's Eve; eve of lunar NewYear初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern Festival习俗 Customs过年 Guo-nian; have the SpringFestival对联 poetic

2、 couplet: two successiverhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for theSpring Festival ; do Spring Festivalshopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (People scare offevil spirits and ghosts with

3、 the loudpop.)舞可币 lion dance (The lion is believedto be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show; vaudeville灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年 pay New Year's call; give

4、NewYear's greetings; New Year's visit禁忌taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗offer sacrificesto one'sancestors压岁钱 red envelopes/redpackets/acash gift; gift money; money given tochildren as lunar New Year gift辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning; generalhouse-cleaning祝福语Ble

5、ssings金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home生意兴隆 Business flourishes岁岁平安 Peace all year round恭喜发财 Wishing you prosperity和气生财 Harmony brings wealth心想事成 May all your wishes come true吉祥如意 Everything goes well国泰民安 The country flourishes andpeople live in peace招财进宝 Money and treasures will be plentiful一帆风顺 Wishing

6、 you every success步 步高升 Promoting to a higher position出入平安 Safe trip wherever you go祝您新的一年快乐幸福！ Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year!祝您事业成功，家庭美满Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!食品FoodTraditions and cultures of Spring Festival年糕 Nian-gao; rise cake; New Yea

7、r cake团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Year's Eve饺子 Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings糖果盘candy tray什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growthand go

8、od health金桔 cumquat - prosperity糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfillinglove relationship红枣 red dates - prosperity花生糖 peanut candy - sweetThe Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and iswhen all family members get together, j

9、ust like Christmas in the West. All peopleliving away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.The Spring Festival falls on the 1st

10、 day of the 1st lunar month, often one monthlater than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every

11、 year in the early days of the12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Ofthem, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.Manycustoms ac

12、company the Spring Festival. Someare still followed today, but others have weakened.On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many familiesmakelaba porridge, a deliciouskind of porridge madewith glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.The 23rd day of the

13、 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Nowhowever, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves.After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming New Year. Thisiscalled "Seeing the New Year in".Store own

14、ers are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for theNew Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fishand meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts f

15、or the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing.Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors andoutdoors oftheir homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils.Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of

16、rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck for the NewYear.Also, pictures of the god of doors and wea

17、lth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the "reversedfu" is homophonic with &q

18、uot;fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole."What's more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.People attach g

19、reat importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all familymembers eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes suchaschicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," me

20、an auspiciousness, abundance and richness.After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV.Inrecent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central TelevisionStation (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad.According to custo

21、m, each family will stay up to see the New Year in.Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to theirparents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift,wrapped up in red paper.People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast,as they think&q

22、uot;jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this

23、occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year afteranother."The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives,friends,and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chatleisurely.Burning fireworks was once the

24、most typical custom on the Spring Festival. Peoplethought the spluttering sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, such an activity was completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. As a replacement, some

25、buy tapes with firecracker sounds to listen to, some break littleballoons toget the sound too, while others buy firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room.The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dr

26、agon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished.China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost thesame day as the Han people, and they have different customs.

27、Useful words and expressionsfamily 家庭spouse 配偶 single 单身 life span 寿命 marriage life婚姻生活bachelor 单身汉 spinster 老处女 courtship 求爱 lad 少年，少女 female friend 女性朋 友 play house 过家家 play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏 puppy love 初恋 friendship 友谊 engagement 订婚 fianc e 未婚夫 fianc e e 未婚妻 wedding ceremony 婚 礼 honeymoon 蜜月 newl

28、yweds 新婚夫妇 husband 丈夫 wife妻子 happiness 幸福 mother-in-law 婆 婆dowry 嫁妆mama's boy 没有男子气 概的男人uxorious疼爱妻子的twin 双胞胎 daughter 女儿 son 儿子 maternal 母亲的 paternal 父亲的 children 子女 parental 父母亲的 filial 子女的 divorce 离婚 consolationmoney 抚慰金alimony 抚养费 singleparent 单 亲fall in love 恋爱 fight for divorce 提 请离婚诉讼wido

29、w寡妇widower 鳏夫separation 分 居 bridesmaid 女俵相 in laws 姻 亲 family tree 家 谱 best man 男俵相 monogamy夫妻制ancestors 祖先descendant 后代1. 跟别人要钱 mooch off someone我最讨厌跟别人要钱的人了。I feel sick of those who mooch off others.2. 钱挣海了 coin money这几年老张的钱挣海了。谁也没料到他会发这么大的财。Lao Zhang is coining money these few years. Who can ever

30、 expect he would be able to make bundles like this!3. 钱多得花不完 have money to burn老李的钱多得花不完，要不他敢这么挥霍？Lao Li has money to burn. Otherwise, how could he splash his money about like anything?4. 钱能生钱 money begets money钱能生钱。没本钱又怎能挣大钱那？Money begets money. Without money in hand, how can you make bundles?5. 没钱

31、 be broke我手头没钱了，咱们别到外面去吃了I don ' t want to eat out today. I ' m broke.6. 钱来之不易 money doesn' t grow on trees你不应该如此挥霍。钱来之不易阿！You should not splash your money about like this. Money doesn ' t grow on trees.7. 敲竹杠 a clip joint那可是一家漫天要价，大敲竹杠的商店阿That shop is plain a clip joint!8. 生活很富裕 be

32、well fixed自从中国对外开放以后，有些农民也成了企业家，而且大部分农民的生活都富裕起来了。Since China opened to the outside world, some farmers have become entrepreneursand many are well-fixed, living a much more comfortable life.9. 吃了上顿没下顿not know where the next meal comes虽然很多人都已经富裕起来了，可是人有些人吃了上顿没下顿In spite the fact that many have now bec

33、ome well-fixed, some people still remainin a state that they do not know where the next meal comes.10. 发财 rake it in它在海南挣了很多钱，真没想到他会发财He made bundles in Hai Nan. He was unexpectedly raking it in.11. 太宰人了 cost an arm and a leg这个饭馆太宰人了，一个白菜豆腐汤也得要上几十元。Eating in this restaurant will cost you an arm and

34、a leg. You ll have to paytens of yuan for even a soup of cabbage and beancurd12. 跟别人比阔 keep up with the Joneses我可不像你，老是和别人比阔I m not your sort who like to keep up with the Joneses.13. 养家糊口 bring home the bacon一个家里总得有个养家糊口的人Some one has to bring home the bacon in the family.14. 与have have an illicit l

35、ove affair with据说那个法官与一个电影明星私通。Th judge is said to have an illicit loveaffair with a film star.15. 婚外恋a double life我们这儿的人都感觉到他有婚外恋Poplearound here all feel that he s leading a doubleli fe.16. 深深爱上 be head over heels in love with听说小丽爱上一个比她大三十岁的老头子。爱情这个东西真是难琢磨。I hear Xiao Li is head over heels in love

36、 with an old man who is 30 years olderthan her. Love is really a mystery.17. 与门第比自己低的人结婚marry with the left hand皇太子放弃了王位，与比自己门第低的人结了婚并到国外度蜜月去了The son of the Emperor gave up his stewardship as King and married with the lefthand. He s now on their honeymoon abroad.18. 嫁妆 marriage portion离婚时，她要求男方把她结婚时

37、的全部嫁妆还给她。On the point of their divorce, she demanded on his returning to her all the lotshe has brought as her marriage portion.19. 外快 side money在过去的几年中老张挣了一大笔外快Lao Zhang has made a huge sum of side money in the past few years.20. 买得便宜buy something on the cheap他的那部车买得可真便宜He bought that car on the ch

38、eap.21. 输得精光 be taken to the cleaners那帮人合伙欺负他，结果让他输得精光。The guys ganged up on him and they took him to the cleaners.22. 调情 make a pass at someone当一个陌生男子开始向我调情时，我瞪了他一眼就离开了。When I found that a stranger began to make a pass at me, I gave him a stern lookand left.23. 花费 outgoings他一个月才挣300 多块钱，怎么能支付得起家里所有

39、的花费那？He gets about 300 yuan a month .How could he possibly balance his family soutgoings with such a small income?24. 重要约会 a heavy date她说她今晚有重要约会，所以不能来了。She says she is having a heavy date tonight, so she won t come.25. 向求婚 pop the question to他向我求婚时说一辈子只爱我一个人。可是现在呢？情况可大不一样了。When he popped the questi

40、on to me he said that I was the only one he would love but now, the story is quite different.26. 把给甩了 give somebody the air最后她还是把他给甩了。She had as supposed given him the air at last.27. 怀孕了 be heavy with child你怎么能忍心让一个大肚子的女人干这样重的活呢？How could you have the heart to let a woman heavy with child to do suc

41、h a rough job?28. 生在富贵人家born with a silver spoon in one s mouth一般说来，生在富贵人家的孩子很少有什么出息，Generally speaking, very few of those who were born with a silver spoon in their mouths will make the mark.29. 开价 make a price我看过你的那部车了，现在你开个价吧。I ve seen your car and now you can make a price.30. 卖个好价钱fetch a good p

42、rice他的那部车在这次拍卖会上一定能卖个好价钱。His car is certain to fetch a good price at the auction.31. 搂搂抱抱 play kossy-poo公园里那些年轻人搂搂抱抱的真让人看不下去It s plain an eye -sore seeing those youngsters playing kissy-poo in the park.32. 正经人家 a respectable family他是个正经人家的女孩子，我不相信她会干出这种事。She s a respectable girl. I don t think she c

43、ould have done this.33. 勾引别人的女朋友beat somebody s time with someone据说他经常勾引别人的女朋友It is said that he often beats other people s time with their girlfriends.34. 零花钱 pocket money我不赞同给孩子们很多零花钱I do not favour the idea of giving children a lot of pocket money.35. 向某人作媚眼make eyes at从她向老板作媚眼的那个德行你就知道她是个什么样的人了。

44、From the way she is making eyes at the boss you ll certainly know what sort of person she is .36. 一见钟情 take a shine to someone他和她一见钟情。She took shine to him on their blind date.37. 家丑 a skeleton in the closet许多家庭都有不可外扬的家丑Many families have a skeleton in the closet.38. 婚姻破裂 marriage on the rocks据说他们的婚

45、姻已经濒于破裂。It s said that their marriage is on the rocks.39. 旧情人 an old flame昨天晚上和你一起吃饭的那个人肯定是你过去的情人The one you were dinning with last night must be your old flame.40. 装修房子 spruce up这次我们装修房子花了近30， 000 元。We spent nearly30, 000 yuan op sprucing up the house.41. 包办、买卖婚姻和其他任何干涉婚姻自由的行为都是被禁止的。Arranged or mer

46、cenary marriage and any other acts of interference with of marriage are forbidden.42. 她以婚姻关系破裂为由申请离婚。She petitioned for divorce on account of the breakdown of their marriage.ListeningPart I Warming upBVocabulary: fatigue, foxhole, distracted, abuse, strike out1. dates, spending special time together

47、2. specific, complain, request, praise3. fatigue, insecurities, foxhole, striking out, protect4. distant5. all marriages, Work together to understand6. Respect, danger, professional, physical, verbal7. understand, winCVocabulary: attest, reside in (residence), configuration, spouse, mate, partner40,

48、 excel, domestic argument, losing,win-win, lose-lose, win, a gift, returns,argue over, aren t, Who, in control, fear, didn t need, ought not to,tried to, destroy, marriage,love, loved, secure, discover, garden, cultivate, the most precious, own self, bloom,obtain, our partner, loved and respected, c

49、ontrolthe freedomcouldn t,Part n All you need is love?Vocabulary: ethnic, propose, criterion (criteria)A2: similar social backgrounds; the same race or same ethnic background; the same religionA3: Japan/ %/ arranged marriages, 3%/ between blacks and whites BVocabulary: sustain, differentiate1. physi

50、cal appearance that attracts2. what somebody looks like, look beyond the physical appearance3. the high percentage of divorces4. falling in love with somebody, loving somebody CVocabulary: just-right wife/ husband, Mr. Right, athletic, vow, upper portion, designer clothingone of the biggest decision

51、s they will make in life; as the “jus t- right ” wife for him;definition of what the“just - right ” wife is; the millionaire man and the poor man;her physical qualities; different words; by her physical qualities; by her athletic qualities; in two different atmospheres; also have their definitions o

52、f the“just - right ” wife; the German man s definition is different from the Spanish mansPart m First meetingsVocabulary: frizzly, yearbook, platonic (Plato), hit it off( to have a good relationship, become good friends), chap (a man or boy), trip over (to catch one s foot and lose one s balance)a b

53、aseball diamond; frizzly hair/ glasses/ funny/ monologue pizza a wine bar; pizzaa fancy-dress party; the man dressed as Cheshire Cat outside a cinema; coincidence/ he d also missed the film a boat/ the river bank; fell in river/ he dived in and rescued her Part N A Valentine storyVocabulary: intrigu

54、e, insightful, budding, lapel, provocative, tuck, plump, thrust, uphold, grip, square, saluteB: book; choked; disappointment; take you to dinner; tolerant smile; went by; rose; big restaurant; understand and admire Additional Practice: Dictation 1Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big differ

55、ence between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however,

56、 it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him.People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London

57、on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months.Unit 2 Shaping and Reshaping PersonalityAries 白羊座 3月 21 日4 月 19 日Keywords are: spontaneity 自发行为 , naivety 天真 , energy 活力 , idealism 理想主义 , freshness 精神饱满 , openness 率真 , egocentricity 自我中心 , simplicity 质朴 , integrity 正直 , ignorance 无知 .Taurus 金牛座 4 月 20 日5 月 20 日顽固Keywords are: determination 决 心 , concentration 专 心 , inflexibility sensuality 耽于声色 , security 安全 and coherence 一致性 .Gemini 双子座 5