九年级英语被动语态综述

1、 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态被动语态 (the Passive Voice)A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.We speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态They cleaned the classroom

2、 yesterday. 昨天他们打扫了教室。昨天他们打扫了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.昨天教室被他们打扫了。昨天教室被他们打扫了。1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该以重读闭音节

3、结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone动词过去分词的变化动词过去分词的变化:be + done( (二二) )被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: :有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化时态时态构成构成一般现在时一般现在时am/is/aredone一般过去时一般过去时was/weredone现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+being+done一般将来时一般将来时will/sh

4、all/be going tobedone现在完成时现在完成时has/havebeendone含情态动词含情态动词can/must/should/may.bedone .被被动语态的动语态的构成构成1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am / is / are + done2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was foun

5、d B. is found C. was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + done3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：will + be + donebe going to + be + done4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have bee

6、n built现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have/ has+ been + done5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词 + be + done6. Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factory is being repaired is repaired has been repairedA. hasnt been r

7、epaired现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态：am/is /are + being + done Practice:1. We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.2. They are stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.willbebuiltisbeing stopped3.A car knocked him down yesterday. 4.They are cutting up a fallen tree He was knocked down by a car yesterd

8、ay A fallen tree is being cut up by them5. We should protect the earth6. You need to paint the wall The earth should be protected The wall needs to be painted7. If your homework _(do) well, you may go to play.8. The ship model _ be _ (make) in two days.is donewillmade (三三)何时使用被动语态？何时使用被动语态？ 1、行为、行为主

9、体不明确主体不明确，不必说出或者无，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world 2、不易找到或根本就不可能找到不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作动作的的执行者执行者时。例如：时。例如： My bike was stolen 我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 3、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：例如： He was born in October，19894、汉语中含有、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等等词时。例如：词时。例如： Tina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的

10、。 Tina is asked to come by Paul5、汉语中含有、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“据报道据报道”等时。例如：等时。例如： “据说据说” It is said that “据报道据报道” It is reported that “众所周知众所周知” It is well- known that “人们认为人们认为” It is supposed that 含有含有双宾语双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时，有以下两的动词在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形：种情形： (1)(1)双宾动词双宾动词( ( give, leave, lend, offer, pass, sho

11、w, teach, tell,send,bring,take,sell等等) )在变为被动语态时，在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语既可把间接宾语( (指人指人) )变为被动语态的主语变为被动语态的主语, ,而把而把直接宾语直接宾语( (指事物指事物) )保留下来保留下来( (称为保留宾语称为保留宾语),),也可也可把直接宾语把直接宾语( (指事物指事物) )变为被动语态的主语变为被动语态的主语, ,而把间而把间接宾语改为介词接宾语改为介词to 引导引导 He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。他给她一些钱。 She was given some money. Some m

12、oney was given to her. (2)(2)双宾双宾动词动词( (如如make, get , buy , sing 等等) )在变为在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人指人)变为被动语态变为被动语态的主语的主语,而把直接宾语而把直接宾语(指事物指事物)保留下来保留下来(称为保留称为保留宾语宾语),也可把直接宾语也可把直接宾语(指事物指事物)变为被动语态的主变为被动语态的主语语,而把间接宾语改为介词而把间接宾语改为介词for 引导引导 Father made me a doll. A doll was made for me. I was made a

13、doll by father.常见的带双宾语的动词变为被动式的句型如下： 1. 某人被给与某物某人被给与某物 Sb. be given sth. 2.某物被给与某人某物被给与某人 Sth be given to sb. 3. 某物被带来给某人某物被带来给某人 Sth. be brought to sb. 4.某物被带去给某人某物被带去给某人 Sth. be taken to sb. 5. 某物被借给了某人某物被借给了某人 Sth. be lent to sb. 6. 某物被买给某人某物被买给某人 Sth. be bought for sb. 7. 某物被为某人制作某物被为某人制作 Sth. b

14、e made for sb.在主动语态主动语态中make,see,watch等动词后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原,构成to do。常见几个句型如下： 被迫使做某事被迫使做某事 be made to do sth被看见做了某事被看见做了某事be seen to do sth常被听见做某事常被听见做某事be heard to do sth被注意到做了某事被注意到做了某事be noticed to do sth1. In the old days, they_ in the factory from morning to evening. A. wer

15、e made to work B. asked to work C. made to work D. were asked for work2. I noticed him leave the room. (改为被动） He _ noticed _ _ the room.3. How is Lin Taos weekend? - Not so good. He _ his homework every weekend. A. makes to do B. is made to do C. is made do D. makes do4. Mary was heard _ just now. W

16、hat happened? - John was telling a joke. A. cry B. to cry C. laugh D. to laugh常见的主语是人，但谓语用被动的句型 1. 某人被邀请做某事Sb. be invited to do sth 2. 某人被允许做某事 Sb be allowed to do sth 3. 某人被要求去做某事 Sb be asked to do sth 4. 某人被告知要做某事Sb be told to do sth 5. 某人被送到某地 Sb be sent to + 地名 6.某人被邀请到某地Sb be invited to + 地名 7.

17、 某人被带去到某地Sb be taken to + 地A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词连系动词（Link.v.) 如：如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomePeking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds3. 当此动词表示当此动词表示事物的自然属性事物的自然属性的时候的时候:The pen _ (write) very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _ (sell) wel

18、l. sells1. 不及物动词不及物动词（vi.) 如如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, 不用被动语态的动词：不用被动语态的动词：4.作作“需要需要”讲的讲的needneed的被动形式：的被动形式： need to be doneYour jacket needs to be washed. 5.表示表示“开始、结束、运动开始、结束、运动”的动词用的动词用主动式表被动义。主动式表被动义。 begin, open, start, stop, end, finish, shut, run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every

19、 day 表示主语的自然属性特征表示主语的自然属性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),常见动词：常见动词：read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink, closeThe books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed1.Th

20、e heated ice cream scoop was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.(对划线部分提问） _ _ the heated ice cream scoop _ _ ?2. The battery-operated slippers are used for seeing the dark.(对划线部分提问） _ _ the battery-operated slippers _ _ ?3. The car was invented in 1885. (对划线部分提问） _ _ the car _ ?4. The telephone was invented before the car. (改为一般疑问句） _ the telephone _ _ the ca