情态动词+havedone

1、 情态动词情态动词 + have done一、一、情态动词情态动词have done 有两种含义：有两种含义：I. 推测推测。表示对表示对过去已发生过去已发生的事情进行的事情进行 推测。推测。II.责备责备。对对过去已发生过去已发生的事情进行责备的事情进行责备 和抱怨。和抱怨。Grammar I.I.推测推测 表示对表示对过去已发生的事情进行推测。的事情进行推测。1. 在在肯定句肯定句中用中用 must, could, may 或或 might。 ( must 的把握性最大，意为的把握性最大，意为“肯定肯定”； could, may, might 语气较弱，意为语气较弱，意为“可能可能”。)H

2、e could/may/might have gone to school. 他他可能可能上学去了。上学去了。 He must have gone to school. 他他肯定肯定是上学去了。是上学去了。 1) I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been2) Sorry, I am late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might

3、B. should C. can D.will3) -Did Jim come? -I dont know. He _ while I was out. A. must have come B. has come C. might have come D. should have come Test yourself 4) - Well done, Jack! - Thanks. But given more time, I _ it better. A. shouldnt have done B. could have done C. might not do D. could do2. 在

4、在否定句否定句中用中用 cant /couldnt 或或 may not /might not, 不用不用 mustnt。 ( cant (couldnt) 把握性较大，把握性较大， 意为意为“不可能不可能”， “肯定没有肯定没有”; may not (might not) 把握性较小，把握性较小， 意为意为“可能不可能不”，“也许没有也许没有”。)He may/might not have gone to school. 他他也许没去也许没去上学。上学。 He cant/couldnt have gone to school. 他他肯定没去肯定没去上学。上学。 1) -There were

5、already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. - It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been Test yourself 3. 在在疑问句疑问句中只能用中只能用 can (could)。 1) The head teacher isnt here. Where can he have gone? 班主任不在这里，他会上哪里去呢？班主任不在这里，他会上哪里去呢？2) S

6、he is two hours late. What _ to her? A. may happen B. is happening C. can have happened D. must have happened II.责备。责备。对对过去已发生过去已发生的事情进行责备的事情进行责备 和抱怨。和抱怨。1. could have done 只用于只用于肯定句肯定句中，中， 表示表示“本来能做某事但没有做本来能做某事但没有做”。1) - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you？You _ with Barbara. A. co

7、uld have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed2. might have done 表示表示“过去本可能发生过去本可能发生 但实际上没有发生的动作但实际上没有发生的动作”。表示说话人。表示说话人 对已发生的事提出批评或意见。对已发生的事提出批评或意见。2) He _ you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give1) You might have

8、told me the news earlier. 你本可能早些把消息告诉我。你本可能早些把消息告诉我。3) - How exciting! I drove my new car at a speed of 110 km/h on Sunday morning. - Were you crazy? You _ yourself! A. must have killed B. should have killed C. might have killed D. need have killed3. should have done (含有责备的意思含有责备的意思) ought to have d

9、one (是职责和义务是职责和义务) 过去本该做某事而未做过去本该做某事而未做1) The plant is dead. I _ it more water. A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given2) There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ have come, but why didnt you? A. must B. shouldnt C. neednt D. ought toshould not have done (含有责备的意思含

10、有责备的意思)ought not to have done (是职责和义务是职责和义务) 过去某事本来不应该做而做了过去某事本来不应该做而做了1) She should not have stopped her work halfway. 她不该中途停止工作不干。她不该中途停止工作不干。2) Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told4. neednt have done 表示表示“过去做了过去做了 不必做的事不必做的事”，“

11、本来不必本来不必”。1) There was plenty of time. She _. A. mustnt have hurried B. neednt have hurried C. must not hurry D. couldnt have hurried2) -I saw Jim at the meeting yesterday. -Did you? I think he _ have attended for he is an expert. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. couldnt3) -Mr. Smith didnt come la

12、st night, did he? -No, we _ for him. A whole night was wasted. A. couldnt have waited B. neednt have to wait C. didnt need to wait D. neednt have waited二、二、情态动词情态动词have done 结构的结构的 简略回答要用简略回答要用情态动词情态动词have1) -You ought to have called her yesterday. -Yes, I know I ought to have.2) - I didnt see her y

13、esterday. -Of course, you _ , because she had gone on a trip. Amust have Bmay not have Ccant have Dmustnt have 3) -Did you go to the party last night? -I _ , but I had an unexpected visitor. A. would have B. would go C. was going to have D. should have三、三、must 或或 can 表示表示“推测推测”时的时的反意问句反意问句。1. 对纯粹对纯粹

14、过去动作过去动作猜测，作猜测，作一般过去时一般过去时 处理。处理。1) He cant have done such a thing yesterday, did he?2) You must have seen him off yesterday, didnt you?2. 对含有对含有现在的动作现在的动作猜测，作猜测，作现在完成时现在完成时 处理。处理。1) You must have studied English for many years, havent you?2) He cant have finished work yet, has he?四、表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测

15、四、表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测 时，可用时，可用情态动词情态动词+have been doing1) -Why didnt you answer my phone call? -Well, I must have been sleeping. So I didnt hear it.I. 推测推测II.责备责备。1. must have done (表肯定性推测表肯定性推测) “肯定肯定,准是准是” cant /couldnt have done (表否定性推测表否定性推测)“不可能不可能”2. may/might have done (表可能性推测表可能性推测)可能可能,也许也许3. s

16、hould/ought to have done (表本该做而实际未做的事表本该做而实际未做的事) shouldnt/oughtnt to have done (表本不该做而实际已做的事表本不该做而实际已做的事)4. neednt have done (表本不必做而实际己做表本不必做而实际己做,造成浪费造成浪费,遗憾遗憾,不好后果不好后果。) Sum up 用用表示表示猜测猜测的情态动词的情态动词must, may, might, can, could, ought to, should, neednt的的 适当形式填空：适当形式填空：1. He _(not go) to Beijing, for I had a talk with him just now.2. You _(no