Linux系统实验

1、实验一Linux 基本命令练习请完成如下步骤并将每一步的情况截图及给出说明。1 请在自己的主文件夹下建立temp 目录并在该目录下建立mytest 目录。mkdir tempmkdir temp/mytestX xiao( (xiao-virtual-machine:-xiaogxtao-virtual-machine:mkdir tenp xtaoxiao-virtual-ma匚mkdir tenp/mytestxiaoxiao-virtual-machine:$ |2 进入 mytest 目录cd temp/mytestxiaoxiao-virtual-machine:-? mkdir t

2、empxiaoxiao-virtual-riachine:-$ mkdirtemp/mytest xidoxiao-virtual-machine:cdtemp/mytest xtaogxiao-virtual -nachine: /temp/rnytest$ |3 将给出的 man.config 复制到本目录下面，使用vi 打开本目录下的man.config 文件cp 桌面 /man.config temp/mytestxiaogxiao-virtual-machine:/temp/nytest$ cdxiaoxiao-virtual-machine:cp桌面/PI已n. cronfig t

3、emp/mytestxtaoxiao*virtual*machine|R ill丨1 iiTfTJTi4 在 vi 中设置行号vi temp/mytest/ma n.config:set nuX xiao) )xiao-virtual-machine: *W fr xj tz 111 d L tr U o U L U1 o L Ld L L y 1 U1 1 Mall C. U11 1 * L13 # con fiou rc sc riotH W 23|T T-厂ZX Fit HHi Fl + T jft ZlJ 1 rw H 1 t L III1 VZ1 1 1 10 1 1 & 76 #7

4、 it匚ciT rnArp 1 inFArrhAliAHnhcii十f* k 1 c尸ill户c.*11 # when MANPATH contains an empty substrtnc :set nu1,1顶端5 移动到第 58 行，向向后定位到第二对双引号，请问你看到的双引号内是什么目录:58 然后/” n n第二对双引号内是/dir/bin/fooX xiaoxiao-virtual-machine: 54 # MANPATH/usr/kerberos/man56 # Set Up PATH to MANPATH mappingJ * rr58# If people ask for

5、man foonand have i/dir/bin/fooHin their PATH59# nd the3启found In11/dir/nan11thmn no maDDinorQuired6 #61ff The below mappings are superfluous when the right hand side is62# In the n arida to厂y ndnpt h dlrtbut willHdn f rOHst Atting63# lots of other nearby files and dlrectortes,r58,4040%6 移动到第一行，并且向下查

6、找一下“ bzip2 这个字符串，请问它在第几行/bzip2 在 118 行xlao) )xlao-virtual-machine: “113#114CMP/usr/bin/cmp -s115#116#匚onpress tat pages117#118COMPRESS/usr/bin/0zip2119COMPRESS_EXTbz2120#_121# Default nanual secttons (and order : to search if -S is not specified122# and the MANSECT envtronment variable is notsection

7、s are ued by118,19-2685%7 将第 50 行到 100 行之间的”mar 改为” MAN 并且一个一个查看是否需要修改，如何执行命令？如果在查看过程 中一直按 y,结果在最后一行出现改变了几个man?:50,100s/man/MAN/gc49Uncon menit if you want to include one of theseby default5351M A ND/LTH/opt/*/MAN52JUL A kiDAOMPlrATH/u s r/lib/*/MAN53* |k H|LJKnftilrATHyusr/shorc* * *MAm / nW54MAMDA

8、TH/usr/kerbei厂f LBRkl13 fIrHL 1T|5556#L Up IP ATH to MANPATH Fapping5758If peoplQ3 s Ic for11MANfoor,and have /di厂/bin/foo!in thetr P/59F r% /-J-4dllu Idocs are found tn11/dir/EffilM, then nopiaDDlno Is reau1196,1+&1 J J为MAN iy/n/a/q/l/AE/AY)?159,3536%8 不想修改了，想还原成原始文件，如何做:e!X xhofQJxidO-virtual-mach

9、fne: *r -M-(F78 #NOAUIOPATH70 ifrFT80# NOCACHE kcps nn fron匸eating cchc p日gE ( cat p日ges)81# (generally one enables/disable cat page creation by ereating/deleting823 the dire匚toy they would live tn - Plan never does mkdtr)c r *jjf84 ffNOCACHEQr #0 FT86# Useful paths - not亡that COL should not be defi

10、ned when87# NROFF is defined as groff -Tascii10 11orhgroff -Tlatinl;何p/mytmst/man.CQnfig 141.L# 461982# 15E%9 复制 65 行到 73 行的内容，并且粘帖到最后一行之后:65,73t$10 21 到 42 行的开头为#的这些行都删掉，如何做:22 然后 22dd146141142143144145146147148149150_多了9行MANPATHMAPMANPATHMAPMANPATHZMAPMANPATHZMAPMANPATH_MAPMANPATHZMAPMANPATHZMAPMA

11、NPATHZMAPJANPATHMAP156,1底端X xhoxho-vfrtual-machlne:鹽I18# MANPATHman pa th_ element cor respond in g_c a tdiir 19# MANPATH MAPpath_elenent Pianpath elenentJLK)FF21BANPATH /usr/man22HANPATH /usr/share/man23MAN PATH /usr/local/man24HANPATH /usr/local/share/man25HAN PATH /usr/XHR6/man26n27ff UncOHPHCnt

12、if you want to in匚lud已one of th已s巳by default28n29#MANPATH/opt/*/man30#MANPATH/usr/lib/*/man31#MANPATH/usr/share/*/man32#MANPATH/usr/kerberos/man33n少了22行21,115%11 将这个文件另存为ma n.test.co nfig:w man .test.c onfigHANPATH12 去掉第 27 行，并且删除前 15 个字符，现在第一个字符是什么:2715x现在第一个字符是 yiao) )xiao-virtuaLmachIne: */temp/m

13、ytestnanesponigBl 1 A L| A TpiathL.MANPAT24MANPAT25/ustFman.test.config1新128L, 4101C已写入21,115%MANPAT19X xlao（3）xfao-virtual-machine: */temp/mytest18 # MANPATHpna n p ath Elementrrespcnding_catrH厂119 # MANPATHMAPpath e亡n tmai1D t h E j L Qncn t20#21MANPATH /usr/man22MANPATH /usr/share/man23MANPATH /u

14、sr/local/man24MANPATH /usr/Xocdl/share/man25MANPATH /usr/XllRG/man26#27Qou wnnt to include one of these by default28#29#MANPATH/opt/*/man30#MANPATH/usr/lib/*/man31#MANPATH/usr/share严/man32#MAhlPATH/usr/kerberos/man33#:2727,1IS%13 在第 1 行新增一行lam a student.,现在文件开头的两行是什么样的:1 O现在文件开头的两行是I am a stude nt#1

15、4 保存后离 xiao) )xiao-vktual-machine: /temp/mytest3Geneaut omatically from man.conf.in by ttie4M*configu rescr ipt +6JUrnan * snf fronnan-1.6d8ff-Fornorc tnfo rmattonabout this file,see the nan pages man(1)9andnan + conf ( c ie禅114J1.Thisfile4 read byman ta configurethe default manpath (alsoused12whenM

16、ANPAF H contsLns an empt歩substring), to find out where thecat13poges corrCsp ondtngto gien man pagesshould be stored,14andto napea ch PATHelenent to a nanpath elenent *ISIt nay alsoccord the pathname of theman binary* This is unused,16Theformat:21,14:q!I实验二文件与目录权限练习题目：假设系统中有两个帐号 apple 与 orange,这两个人除

17、自己的用户组外，还同属于一个用户组app。假设这个用户组的成员共同拥有/project/app/目录的开发权，且该目录不许其他人查阅。请问该目录的权限应怎样设置。（需要使用 root 身份来进行 chmod， chgrp 等操作，帮用户设置好开发环境，可保证开发项目的私密性）。步骤：1 root 身份下，新建两个帐号，并使其属于同一用户组app （注意如何启用两用户）新建账户 appleam a studenQFiNn.config 12今L, 4101C已写入顶端xtaoxtaOvirtual-machine:-$ sudo adduser apple sudo password for x

18、tao:正在漏加用户apple 正在添加新组apple (1861).正在添加新用户apple (1001)到组apple主目录7home/appleir已经存在。沒有从/etc/skel复制文件。输入薪的UNIX磁码： 重新输入新的UNIX密码：passwd :已成功更新密码 正在改变apple的用户信息 请输入新值f或直接敲回车键以使用默认值全名：房间号码：工作电话:家庭电话： 其它： 这些信息是否正确？/n yxtaogxiaOvirtual-machine:-$ |新建账户 orangeX xhoxldo-virtual-machine: xiaoxiao-virtual-machin

19、e:-$ sudo adduser orange正在添加用户orange正在療加新组orange (1002)正在济加新用户orange (1602)到组orange . -主目亲“/ho陀/oenge已经存在。没有从/弍:“展1”复制文件 输入新的UNIX密码：重新输入新的UNIX密码：passwd :已成功更新密码正在改变orange的用户信息请输入新值,或直接敲回车键以使用默认值全名：房间号码：工作电话：家庭电话：其它：这些信息量否正确？Y/n y新建组 app4 实际用两用户测试看看是否可以正常工作，用apple 建立文件，用 orange 修改，是否可以。如果有问题如何解决。xtso

20、xiaovirtualmachinegroupadd app groupadd: Permtsston denied.groupadd :无法锁定/etc/groupF请稍后再试&xiaoxtao-virtual-machinesudo groupadd app sudopassword for xiao: xtaoxiao-virtual-piachine:$ |把 apple 禾口 orange 归为同一组 appxiaogxiao-virtual-machine:*$ sudo usermod -G app apple xiaoxi.ao-virtual-machinesudo user

21、mod -G apporange xiaoxtao-virtual-machine:*$ |2 root 身份下建立开发项目目录/project/app，查看该目录权限，说明两用户 apple , orange 为什么不可以在该目录新 建文件 xlaogixiao-virtual-machlne：-xtaoxtaOvirtual-machine:-$ sudo passwordfor xiao: xtaoxiao-virtual-machine drwxr-xr-x2 root root 4096 xiaogxiao-virtual-ma匚hlnE：$ |3 进行目录的权限修改，使得两用户可以

22、在该目录下进行项目开发而，其他用户均不得进入该目录xiaaxiao-virtual-machtnezJ sudo chgrp app /project/app xtaogixtdo- virtual-machine:Ls -Id /project/appdrwxr-xr-x 2 root app 40964月25 17:02 /project/appxiaogxido-virtual-machine:$ sudo chnod 770 /project/app xtaoixiao-virtual-ma chine:Is -Id /project/appdrwxrwx- 2 root app 40964月25 17:02 /project/appxiaofflxiao-virtual*machine:$ xiaoxtao-virtual-machine:-$ su apple密码：applexiao-virtual-ma匚hirw:日cd /proje匚t/app applegxtao-virtual-machine:/praject/app$ touch filelsudo mkdir /proj