研究生英语 Unit 9

1、Unit 9 THE HOUSING CRISIS GOES SUBURBAN英语四组英语四组第一段第一段But the scarcity of affordable housing is a deepening national crisis, and not just for inner-city families on welfare. The problem has climbed the income ladder and moved to the suburbs, where service workers cram their families into overcrowded

2、apartments, college graduates have to crash with their parents, and firefighters, police officers and teachers cant afford to live in the communities they serve.翻译翻译但经适房但经适房稀缺性稀缺性是一个是一个不断加深的不断加深的民族民族危危机机，而不仅仅是依靠福利为生的城市家庭，而不仅仅是依靠福利为生的城市家庭的危机。这个问题已经的危机。这个问题已经波及到波及到了了高收入人高收入人群群，并并向郊区向郊区蔓延蔓延，在在那里的服务工那里的

3、服务工作人作人员们及其员们及其他们的他们的家属家属在在拥挤的拥挤的公寓里，大公寓里，大学毕业生不得不学毕业生不得不借宿借宿在在他们的父母他们的父母家里，家里，而消防队员、警察和教师在他们所服务的而消防队员、警察和教师在他们所服务的社区也社区也买买不不起起房。房。难词解释 scarcity n. 缺乏，不足缺乏，不足, 稀少，罕见稀少，罕见 n. a small and inadequate amount同近义词同近义词 shortage , short of , deficiency , insufficient e.g. This is indispensable in a region l

4、ike the Near East, where the scarcity of water prohibits further agricultural expansion. 对于近东这样的区域来讲，这对于近东这样的区域来讲，这是极为必要的，在这里，水的短缺限制了农业的扩展。是极为必要的，在这里，水的短缺限制了农业的扩展。.deepening n. 加深，延深；向下侵蚀加深，延深；向下侵蚀 v. 使深化；加深（使深化；加深（deepen的现在分的现在分词）词）n. a process of becoming deeper and more profoundadj. accumulating

5、and becoming more intense同近义词同近义词 saddening , downcuttinge.g.There are some general ways to approach developing and deepening your skills.有一些常规的方法可用于发展和加深您的技能。有一些常规的方法可用于发展和加深您的技能。.crisis n. 危机；危险期；决定性时刻危机；危险期；决定性时刻 adj. 危机的；用于处理危机的危机的；用于处理危机的n. an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficultya

6、 crucial stage or turning point in the course of something come unraveled or undone as if by snagging defining moment , critical stagee.g. Many companies have been sent under in the economic crisis. 在这次经济危在这次经济危机中，已有许多公司倒闭了。机中，已有许多公司倒闭了。. climbed the income ladder climb vi. 爬；攀登；上升爬；攀登；上升 vt. 爬；攀登；上

7、升爬；攀登；上升 n. 爬；攀登爬；攀登n. an upward slope or grade (as in a road)v.go upward with gradual or continuous progress同近义词同近义词 vi. 爬；攀登；上升爬；攀登；上升arise , raise , scale vt. 爬；攀登；上升爬；攀登；上升scale , come up n. 爬；攀登爬；攀登escaladee.g.1.He made a difficult climb. 他作了一次艰难的攀登他作了一次艰难的攀登2.Watching him climb up the precipic

8、e, everybody was breathless with anxiety. 看着他往悬崖上爬，看着他往悬崖上爬， 大家都捏一把汗大家都捏一把汗income ladder 高收入人群高收入人群e.g.Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder.我们绝大多数的经济增长都是由高收入人群取得的我们绝大多数的经济增长都是由高收入人群取得的ladder n. 阶梯；途径；梯状物阶梯；途径；梯状物 vi. 成名；发迹成名；发迹 vt. 在在上装设梯子上装设梯子n. steps

9、consisting of two parallel members connected by rungs; for climbing up or downv. come unraveled or undone as if by snagging同近义词同近义词 n. 阶梯；途径；梯状物阶梯；途径；梯状物 mechanism , approach , pass vi. 成名；发迹成名；发迹 raise oneself , make his marke.g. He loaned the ladder to his neighbour. 他把梯子借给了邻居。他把梯子借给了邻居。.to the su

10、burbs 到郊区到郊区e.g.His family moved/removed to the suburbs. 他的一家搬到郊区去了他的一家搬到郊区去了suburb n.附近；边缘部分；市郊，近郊，郊区附近；边缘部分；市郊，近郊，郊区n. a residential district located on the outskirts of a city同近义词同近义词 margin , banlieuee.g. He wanted to home in the suburb. 他想在郊区安个家。他想在郊区安个家。.cram: v. 把把塞入塞入，把，把塞满，把塞满，把挤满挤满v. to fo

11、rce something into a small space 同近义词同近义词 stuff , be packed withe.g. Jessica crammed her clothes into the bag. .overcrowded adj. 过度拥挤的过度拥挤的 v. 拥挤（拥挤（overcrowd的过去分词）的过去分词）v.cause to crowd together too much同近义词同近义词 crowdede.g.To David, this was not just one more bauble in an already overcrowded jewelr

12、y box. Rather, this was his love displayed on my arm for all the world to see. 对戴对戴维来说，这个不仅仅是一个装在拥挤的首饰盒中的小玩意，而是一个向世界宣维来说，这个不仅仅是一个装在拥挤的首饰盒中的小玩意，而是一个向世界宣布他对我的爱，戴在我手臂的爱布他对我的爱，戴在我手臂的爱.crash: n. 撞碎；坠毁；破产；轰隆声；睡觉撞碎；坠毁；破产；轰隆声；睡觉vi. 摔碎；坠落；发出隆隆声；摔碎；坠落；发出隆隆声；(金融企业等金融企业等)破产破产vt. 打碎；使坠毁、撞坏；擅自闯入打碎；使坠毁、撞坏；擅自闯入；借宿借

13、宿v. slang to stay at someones house for the night 同近义词同近义词 借宿借宿 stay overnight at sb elses place ; put up for the nighte.g. I crashed for one night at my friends house when I was in Chicag. afford to （有条件）做；能承担；买得起某物；支付的起（有条件）做；能承担；买得起某物；支付的起同近义词同近义词 come , doeste.g.Only then can you figure out what

14、 you can afford to pay. 只有这样只有这样你才能算出你能买得起什么样的房子你才能算出你能买得起什么样的房子afford vt. 给予，提供；买得起给予，提供；买得起be able to spare or give up同近义词同近义词 allow , deal , extend , deliver , tendere.g.At that time only, not every day, if you can afford it. 只有在那个时只有在那个时刻，而非每天都如此，而且是在你能力所及之处。刻，而非每天都如此，而且是在你能力所及之处。第二段第二段Home owne

15、rship is near an all-time high, but the gap is growing between the Owns and the Own-Nots as well as the Owns and the Own-80-Miles-From-Work. One-third of Americans now spend at least 30% of their income on housing, the federal definition of an unaffordable burden, and half the working poor spend at

16、least 50% of their income on rent, a critical burden. The real estate boom of the past decade has produced windfalls for Americans who owned before it began, but affordable housing is now a serious problem for more low- and moderate-income Americans than taxes, Social Security or gas prices.翻译翻译住房拥有

17、率接近历史最高位，但有房户和无房户住房拥有率接近历史最高位，但有房户和无房户之间的差距越来越大，有房户和房子离工作单位之间的差距越来越大，有房户和房子离工作单位8080英里远的有房户之间的差距也越来越大。现在，英里远的有房户之间的差距也越来越大。现在，1 13 3的美国人花费至少的美国人花费至少3030的收入用于住房，联的收入用于住房，联邦政府将这种情况定义为邦政府将这种情况定义为“无力支付无力支付”的负担，的负担，而有一半的穷打工仔花费至少而有一半的穷打工仔花费至少5050的收入用于租的收入用于租房，这种情况被称为房，这种情况被称为“极其严重极其严重”的负担。在过的负担。在过去去1010年里

18、，房地产迅猛发展，这使得在此之前就年里，房地产迅猛发展，这使得在此之前就已经购置房产的美国人已经购置房产的美国人发了笔横财发了笔横财，但现在，但现在经济经济房对中、低收入的美国人来说，是一个比税收、房对中、低收入的美国人来说，是一个比税收、社会保险、汽油价格更社会保险、汽油价格更为为严重的问题。严重的问题。第三段第三段Roosevelt signed housing legislation in 1934 and 1937, providing mortgages, government apartments and construction jobs for workers down on

19、their luck.For half a century, most housing debates in Washington revolved around how much to expand federal assistance. mortgages vt. 抵押贷款，按揭抵押贷款，按揭 n. 抵押抵押，房屋抵押贷款房屋抵押贷款n. a conditional conveyance of property as security for the repayment of a loanv. put up as security or collateral同近义词同近义词 v. hold

20、 in pledge , hypothecate n. hypothecation , pledgee.g. The bank refused to accept any mortgage on land. 银行拒绝接受银行拒绝接受任何土地抵押任何土地抵押. down on their luck (be down on ones luck) (因不走运而因不走运而)穷困潦倒穷困潦倒 to have no money because one has had a lot of bad luck over a period of time e.g. 1.When someone is down on

21、 their luck, good friends will be sympathetic.2.George has certainly been down on his luck recently: first his wife fell ill; then he lost his job. revolved around sth. 围绕围绕转动；以转动；以为中心为中心to have something as a main subject or purpose e.g. 1.The arguement revolved around costs.2.For working mothers,t

22、he critical ponit in the conflict will revolved around giving up work. expand vt. 扩张；使膨胀；详述扩张；使膨胀；详述 vi. 发展；张开，展开发展；张开，展开v. extend in one or more directions同近义词同近义词 vt. 扩张；使膨胀；详述扩张；使膨胀；详述 dwell on , enlarge onvi. 发展；张开，展开发展；张开，展开 grow , go waye.g. We must build on our reputation to expand the busine

23、ss. 我们必须我们必须以信誉为基础扩大业务以信誉为基础扩大业务 assistance n. 援助，帮助；辅助设备援助，帮助；辅助设备the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose同近义词同近义词 aid , hand , help , booste.g. You should never deny assistance to those who need it. 你不应当拒你不应当拒绝帮助那些需要你帮助的人绝帮助那些需要你帮助的人。第四段第四段Bu

24、t for the past two decades, the only new federal housing initiative has been HOPE VI5, a Clinton administration program that has demolished 80,000 units of the worst public housing and built mixed-income developments in their place. The program has eliminated most of the high-rise hellholes that gav

25、e public housing a bad name and has revived some urban neighborhoods. But it has razed more subsidized apartments than it has replaced.翻译ParaThe program has eliminated most of the high-rise hellholes that gave public housing a bad name and has revived some urban neighborhoods. But it has razed more

26、subsidized apartments than it has replaced. eliminated vt. 消除消除，排除排除，根除，根除to completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted同近义词同近义词 avoid , excludee.g. If you eliminate all the Items, then there is nothing to clone and thus nothing to insert. 如果您如果您消除消除了所有项目，那么就没有节点可供克隆因而也就了所有项目，那么就

27、没有节点可供克隆因而也就无法执行插入无法执行插入 high-rise hellholes 高度危险的房子高度危险的房子high-rise adj. 高楼的；超高层的高楼的；超高层的 n. 高楼；大厦高楼；大厦n. tower consisting of a multistoried building of offices or apartmentsadj. used of buildings of many stories equipped with elevators; 同近义词同近义词 tower , blocke.g.But high-rise buildings are not all

28、 that Pudong has. 但是，但是，高楼大厦高楼大厦并非浦并非浦东的全部。东的全部。hellholes n.地狱般的地方，环境极其恶劣的地方地狱般的地方，环境极其恶劣的地方n. a very dirty,ugly and unpleasant place同近义词同近义词 hell, hell on earth, hellhole, inferno, snake pit, the pitsAreas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction, poverty and murder. 贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。贩卖毒

29、品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。 givea bad name 使使声名狼藉，给声名狼藉，给一个坏名声一个坏名声a bad name 坏名声坏名声同近义词同近义词 disrepute , bad reputation urban neighborhoods 城市社区，城市邻里，城市街区城市社区，城市邻里，城市街区同近义词同近义词 urban community Their families lived in the same urban neighborhood. The parents were largely civil servants, professionals and

30、 merchants. 这些孩子的家庭生这些孩子的家庭生活在同一个活在同一个城市街区城市街区，父母大部分是公务员、专业人士和商人。，父母大部分是公务员、专业人士和商人。 raze v. 把（城镇、建筑物）夷为平地把（城镇、建筑物）夷为平地v. to completely destroy a town or building 同近义词同近义词 destroy , eliminate , avoide.g. 1.Much of Nanjing was razed by Japanese invaders in 1937.2. The old buildings were razed to make

31、 way for a new development. subsidized vt.给与补助，资助，向给与补助，资助，向行贿行贿v.to pay part of cost 同近义词同近义词 fund , stakee.g. Thats why you see governments trying to subsidize manufacturers or the consumer. 这就是为什么你会看到政府在试图这就是为什么你会看到政府在试图补贴补贴厂家或是消费者。厂家或是消费者。 replace vt. 取代，代替；替换，更换；归还，偿还；把取代，代替；替换，更换；归还，偿还；把放回原处放回

32、原处vt. put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items同近义词同近义词 restore , return , shift , tender e.g. However, this will replace all of your work in this project, so backup anything you want to keep. 不过，这将不过，这将替换替换您在此项目中的所有工作，所以，请备份您需要保存的任何内容。您在此项目中的所有工作，所以，请备份您需要保存的任何内容。第五段Overall, th

33、e number of households receiving federal aid has flatlined since the early 1990s, despite an expanding population and a ballooning budget. Congress has rejected most of President Bushs proposed cuts, but there has been virtually no discussion of increases; affordable-housing advocates spend most of

34、their time fighting to preserve the status quo.翻译总的来说总的来说，自，自90年代初以来，接受联邦年代初以来，接受联邦援助援助的家的家庭数已经庭数已经降到最低降到最低，尽管尽管人口不断人口不断增加增加、预算不预算不断膨胀断膨胀。美国国会已经。美国国会已经拒绝拒绝了美国总统布什提出了美国总统布什提出的大部分的的大部分的削减计划削减计划，但，但实际上实际上几乎几乎没有讨论过没有讨论过增加计划；廉价房的增加计划；廉价房的倡导者倡导者花费的大部分时间都花费的大部分时间都被用于被用于努力努力争取争取保持现状保持现状。Para overall adj. 全部

35、的；全体的；一切在内的全部的；全体的；一切在内的 adv. 全部地；总的说来全部地；总的说来 n. 工装工装裤；罩衫裤；罩衫adj. involving only main featuresn. a loose protective coverall or smock worn over ordinary clothing for dirty work同近义词同近义词 adj. 全部的；全体的；一切在内的全部的；全体的；一切在内的entire , all , corporate , total , universal adv. 全部地；总的说来全部地；总的说来 outright， on the

36、 whole，in general ; to sum up ; in short ; in summary ; broadly speaking n. 工装裤；罩衫工装裤；罩衫 jeans , jea aid n. 援助；帮助；助手；援助；帮助；助手；帮助者帮助者 vt. 援助；帮助；有助于援助；帮助；有助于vi. 帮助帮助n. the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purposev. give help or assistance; be of serv

37、ice 同近义词同近义词 n. 援助；帮助；助手；帮助者援助；帮助；助手；帮助者 assistance , friend , hand , help , boostvt. 援助；帮助；有助于援助；帮助；有助于facilitate , bolster up vi. 帮助帮助 lend a hand , to help flatline v. 降到很低水平降到很低水平v. to fall to a very low level同近义词同近义词 to a very low levele.g. 1.The Republicans have been flatlining in the polls.2.

38、The population growth in this town has been flatlining in the past five years. despite prep. 尽管，不管尽管，不管 n. 轻视；憎恨；侮辱轻视；憎恨；侮辱同近义词同近义词 prep. 尽管，不管尽管，不管 in spite of , for all that n. 轻视；憎恨；侮辱轻视；憎恨；侮辱 hate , hatred , contempte.g. I failed the test despite studying all night. 尽管尽管整夜学习，我还是考试不及整夜学习，我还是考试不及格

39、。格。 expanding adj. 扩大的；扩展的扩大的；扩展的 v. 扩大，扩展（扩大，扩展（expand的现在分词形式）；的现在分词形式）；使膨胀，详述使膨胀，详述 adj. 机机扩大的；扩展的扩大的；扩展的extended , ampliative v. 扩大，扩展（扩大，扩展（expand的现在分词形式）；使膨胀，详述的现在分词形式）；使膨胀，详述 extending , widening ballooning budget n.地狱般的地方，环境极其恶劣的地方地狱般的地方，环境极其恶劣的地方ballooning n. 充气，鼓胀；气球操纵充气，鼓胀；气球操纵n. flying in

40、 a balloon同近义词同近义词 topping-up , aeratione.g. Ballooning a shared page is a mistake because it deprives the guest of resources without actually saving any memory. 膨胀膨胀已占用的页面是一个错误，已占用的页面是一个错误，因为它剥夺了客户资源而未实际节省内存因为它剥夺了客户资源而未实际节省内存 budget n. 预算，预算费预算，预算费 vt. 安排，预定；把安排，预定；把编入预算编入预算 vi. 编预算，做预算编预算，做预算 adj.

41、 廉价的廉价的n. a sum of money allocated for a particular purposev. make a budge同近义词同近义词 n. 财政财政预算，预算费预算，预算费 spend vt. 安排，预定；把安排，预定；把编入预算编入预算 place in , engage , settle adj. 廉价的廉价的 low-cost , penny-a-line reject vt. 拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃 n. 被弃之物或人；次品被弃之物或人；次品n. the person or thing that is rejected or set

42、 aside as inferior in qualityv.refuse to accept or acknowledge同近义词同近义词 vt. 拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃 refuse , negative n. 被弃之物或人；被弃之物或人；次品次品 inferior , degraded producte.g. I reject these choices. 我我拒绝拒绝这些选择。这些选择。 proposed cuts n. 削减建议削减建议propose vt. 建议；打算，计划；求婚建议；打算，计划；求婚 vi. 建议；求婚；打算建议；求婚；打算同近义词同近义词

43、vt. 建议；打算，计划；求婚建议；打算，计划；求婚 schedule , design , map , think , purpose vi. 建议；求婚；打算建议；求婚；打算 aim , offercut n. 伤口；切口；削减；（服装等的）式样；削球；切入伤口；切口；削减；（服装等的）式样；削球；切入vt. 机机 切割；削切割；削减；缩短；刺痛减；缩短；刺痛 vi. 机机 切割；相交；切牌；停拍；不出席切割；相交；切牌；停拍；不出席 adj. 割下的；雕割下的；雕过的；缩减的过的；缩减的同近义词同近义词 vt. 削减；削减；机机切割；缩短；刺痛切割；缩短；刺痛shorten , bite

44、 vi. 机机切割；相交；切割；相交；切牌；停拍；不出席切牌；停拍；不出席 intersect n. 削减；伤口；切口；（服装等的）式样；削减；伤口；切口；（服装等的）式样；削球削球 wound , incision adj. 缩减的；割下的；雕过的缩减的；割下的；雕过的 reduced , scrimpy virtually 实际上，事实上实际上，事实上adv. almost or practically同近义词同近义词 actually , really , almost , nearly , moste.g. This word has virtually dropped out of

45、usage today. 这个词这个词实际上实际上现在已现在已不再使用了。不再使用了。 advocate vt. 提倡，主张，拥护提倡，主张，拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；律师提倡者；支持者；律师同近义词同近义词 vt. 提倡，主张，拥护提倡，主张，拥护 maintain , submit n. 提倡者；支持者；律提倡者；支持者；律师师 prophet , supportere.g. I guess that makes me an advocate of death panels. 我想正是这使我成为我想正是这使我成为“死亡项目死亡项目”的的支持者支持者。fighting to 努力争取，为努

46、力争取，为而斗争而斗争同近义词同近义词 to strive for preserve the status quo 保持现状保持现状 preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持；腌；禁猎保存；保护；维持；腌；禁猎 n. 保护区；禁猎地；加工保护区；禁猎地；加工成的食品成的食品 同近义词同近义词 vt. 保存；保护；维持；腌；禁猎保存；保护；维持；腌；禁猎 maintain , save , secure , corn , sustainn. 保护区；禁猎地；加工成的食品保护区；禁猎地；加工成的食品 conservation area , conservation districtthe sta

47、tus quo 现状现状n. remaining unchanged, the state of a situation as it is 同近义词同近义词 current situation , actuality , existing circumstances第六段第六段 And its a tough status quo. tough status quo 艰难的现状艰难的现状 tough adj. 艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的的；强壮的，结实的 n. 恶棍恶棍 vt. 坚持；忍受，忍耐坚持；忍受，

48、忍耐 adv. 强硬地，强硬地，顽强地顽强地同近义词同近义词adj. 艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的的，结实的difficult , strong , hard , rough , firmn. 恶棍恶棍 varlet , Highbinder vt. 坚持；忍受，忍耐坚持；忍受，忍耐stay , stomach , go , abide , resistadv. 强硬地，顽强地强硬地，顽强地 doggedly , pertinaciouslystatus quo 见第五段见第五段第七段第七段 Some

49、 liberals dream of extending subsidies to all eligible low-income families, but that $100 billion-a-year solution was unrealistic even before the budget deficit ballooned again. So even some housing advocates now support time limits on most federal rent aid. The time limits included in welfare refor

50、m 10 years ago were controversial, but studies suggest theyve helped motivate recipients to get off the dole. And unlike welfare, housing aid is not a federal entitlement, so taking it away from one family after a few years would provide a break for an equally deserving family.翻译翻译Some liberals drea

51、m of extending subsidies to all eligible low-income families, but that $100 billion-a-year solution was unrealistic even before the budget deficit ballooned again.Para extending n. 扩展；伸长扩展；伸长 v. 延伸；扩展（延伸；扩展（extend的的ing形式）形式）同近义词同近义词 n. 扩展；伸长扩展；伸长elongation , stretchingv. 延伸；扩展（延伸；扩展（extend的的ing形式）形式

52、）expanding , elongatingsubsidies 补助金，补贴，津贴（补助金，补贴，津贴（subsidy的名词复数）的名词复数）同近义词同近义词 pension , allowancee.g. If Copenhagen does not reach agreement on it we will do it next year, either via a subsidy, levy or tax. 如果在哥本哈根没有达成协议，我们明年就如果在哥本哈根没有达成协议，我们明年就会自己来，不管是用会自己来，不管是用补贴补贴还是征税的方法。还是征税的方法。eligible adj.

53、合格的，合适的；符合条件的；有资格当选的合格的，合适的；符合条件的；有资格当选的 n. 合格者；适合格者；适任者；有资格者任者；有资格者同近义词同近义词 adj. 合格的，合适的；符合条件的；有资格当选的合格的，合适的；符合条件的；有资格当选的 qualified , applicable , becoming , shaped , likelyn. 合格者；适任者；有资格者合格者；适任者；有资格者 accepteee.g. He is an eligible young man. 他是一个他是一个合格的合格的年轻人年轻人Paraunrealistic adj. 不切实际的；不实在的不切实际的

54、；不实在的同近义词同近义词 ideal , dreame.g. he best dreams are always unrealistic to the majority of people. 最最精彩的梦想在多数人眼里总是精彩的梦想在多数人眼里总是不切实际的。不切实际的。 the budget deficit ballooned 预算赤字膨胀预算赤字膨胀budget 见第五段见第五段 deficit n. 赤字；不足额赤字；不足额同近义词同近义词 red inke.g. And so - but we do have to deal with the deficit. 所以说所以说但是，但是

55、，我们的确必须解决我们的确必须解决赤字赤字问题。问题。ballooned 见第五段见第五段Paracontroversial adj. 有争议的；有争论的有争议的；有争论的同近义词同近义词 disputed , questionede.g.They tried their best to run away from controversial issues. 他们尽力避他们尽力避开开有争议的有争议的问题。问题。 motivate vt. 刺激；使有动机；激发刺激；使有动机；激发的积极性的积极性同近义词同近义词 stimulate , fan , needle , activatee.g. Yo

56、u have first got to motivate the children and then to teach them. 你首先得你首先得激发激发孩子们的学习兴趣，然后再去教他们孩子们的学习兴趣，然后再去教他们 recipients n. 容器，接受者；容纳者容器，接受者；容纳者 adj. 容易接受的，感受性强的容易接受的，感受性强的同近义词同近义词 n. 包装包装容器，容器，通信通信接受者；容纳者接受者；容纳者 container , vessel , receiver , pocket , binadj. 容易接受的，感受性强的容易接受的，感受性强的 acceptant , su

57、sceptivee.g.If you know when that is, tell your recipient. 如果你知道这个期限，告诉如果你知道这个期限，告诉你的你的接收者接收者。Paraget off the dole 摆脱救济金摆脱救济金get off 摆脱，动身，从摆脱，动身，从下来；脱下（衣服等）下来；脱下（衣服等）同近义词同近义词 make a start , set sail for dole 救济金救济金n. unemployment benefit, welfare money given by the government in the US to people wh

58、o are out of work 同近义词同近义词 unemployment benefit , unemployment pensione.g. 1. How many people are on the dole?2. I said the bankers should be the first to go on the dole during the financial downturn. entitlement n. 权利；津贴权利；津贴同近义词同近义词 rights , title , pensione.g.It is a moral entitlement for Hobbes,

59、 the source of human worth and dignity. 对霍布斯来说是一种道德对霍布斯来说是一种道德权利权利，是人类价值和尊严的源，是人类价值和尊严的源泉。泉。provide a break 喘息喘息同近义词同近义词 gasp ; pant ; whoop ; wheezedeserving adj. 值得的；应得的；有功的值得的；应得的；有功的 v. 值得；应得到（值得；应得到（deserve的现在分词）的现在分词）同近义词同近义词 worthy , due , juste.g.No less deserving than we are now. 我们我们应得的应得的

60、东西不该比现在少。东西不该比现在少。第八段第八段 Its a no-brainer, says David Smith, an affordable-housing advocate in Boston. You cant sustain the internal contradiction of no limits.翻译翻译“这是这是显而易见的事显而易见的事，”大卫大卫史密斯史密斯波士顿的一位廉波士顿的一位廉价房的价房的倡导者倡导者说，说，“你不能你不能让内在矛盾无限地延续让内在矛盾无限地延续。”Para no-brainer n.显而易见的事，无需用脑的事；容易的事显而易见的事，无需用脑的