人教版八年级英语上册unit3精讲笔记

1、Unit 3 精讲笔记A知识点1Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆比汤姆敲的好。【讲解】better意为更好地，较好地，在此处是副词well的比较级,修饰动词play。 Good better best Well-better-best 比较级往往用在两者之间的比较，最高级用在三者或三者以上比较 She sings very well, but Jim sings better than her.她歌唱的很好，但是吉姆比她唱的更好。【即学活用】 No one can sing_ than her. A. good B. well C. better D. be

2、st 知识点2 Sam has longer hair than Tom. 萨姆的头发比汤姆长。 【讲解】 （1）这是一个含有形容词的比较级的句子。比较级用于两者或者两类事物的比较，意为更，较。通常用从属连词than连接，表示比较。 She has more books than he does. 她的书比他的多。 （2）than是从属连词，意为比，用于形容词或副词的比较级之后，引出比较的对象，并且比较的对象前后要一致比较的对象前后要一致。 He is taller than me. 他比我高。 （3）比较级的结构： A+ be+形容词比较级+than +B； A +have/has +形容词

3、比较级+名词+than +B My bike is more expensive than that one. 我的自行车比那个贵。 I have shorter legs than Pipi. 我的腿比皮皮的腿短。 【即学活用】 1.The box was _than I thought. I was out of breath(气喘吁吁) when I got home. A. more heavier B. much heavier C. heavy D. very heavy 2.Jim is 40 kg. Tom is 38 kg. Tom is _ than Jim. A. tal

4、ler B. thinner C. heavier D. fater 3.根据中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im_ than my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree_ than that one. (3) 你比他矮. You are_ than him. (4) 他比你更强壮. He is _than you.知识点3. 形容词比较级和最高级规则变化词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttall hard large TallerHarderlar

5、gerTallestHardestlargest以重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写辅音字母再加er或estbig hot thin BiggerHotterThinnerBiggestHottestthinnest以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-er,或-esthappy dry HappierdrierHappiestdriest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-estnarrow clever NarrowerclevererNarrowestcleverest多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most difficult popular Mor

6、eMost 【即学活用】 （一）比较级与最高级形式： long_ _ wide _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ happy_ _ unhappy_ fat _ _ far_ _ quickly _ _badly _ _brightly_ _ (二)用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever). 2. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁).3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I. 4. Johns par

7、ents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 5. The _ (cheap) bags are not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings _(well) in her cl

8、ass. 9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is _ than that one. (expensive) 知识点4 比较级的常用句型结构： 1. A+ be+形容词比较级+ than +B ( A比B.) A+实义动词+副词比较级+ than +B Tom is taller than Jim. I got up earlier than my mother. 2. A +be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+ than +B ( A比B几倍) A+实义动词+(倍数)+形容词比较级+ than +B This

9、 room is three times bigger than that one. He runs three times faster than his brother. 3. A+ be +the +形容词比较级+of the two+复数可数名词 ( A是两者中比较的) Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. 4. 比较级+and+比较级 / more and more+原级 ( 越来越) He is getting taller and taller. She is more and more beauti

10、ful. 5. the+比较级，the+比较级 （越, 越） The more you careful, the fewer mistakes you will make. 6.疑问词+be+形容词比较级，A or B ？ Which is bigger, the earth or the moon? 7.疑问词+实义动词+副词比较级，A or B ？ Who draws better， Jenny or Lucy？ 常接的修饰形容词比较级的前置词有： Much / a lot / far +形容词比较级 (得多) a lot better 好多了 A bit / a little +形容词比

11、较级 ( 稍微) a little earlier 早一点 Even+形容词比较级 (甚至更) even more useful 甚至更有用 【活学即用】 1. Tony is not as clever as Lucy, but he works_ than her. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 2. This room is too small, we should find a _one. A. big B. smaller C. bigger D. biggest 3. the more you smile, the_ you

12、 will feel. A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happy 4. who is _, you or he? A. clever B. cleverer C. cleverest D. more clever 5. Jack runs as _as Sam. A. faster B. fast C. fastly D. more fast 6. 她越来越漂亮了 _ 知识点5 Thats Tara, isnt it? 那是塔拉，是吗？ 【讲解】 本句式反意疑问句。反意疑问句是指陈述句后附加一个简短问句，征询肯定或否定的意见，或者希望陈述句所说的

13、内容得到证实。 反意疑问句的结构如下： (1)肯定的陈述句+否定的简短问句 She is a good student, isnt she? 她是个好学生，是吧？ -Yes，she is. 是的，她是。 -No, she isnt. 不，她不是。 (2)否定的陈述句+肯定的简短问句 Pipi didnt go to school yesterday, did he?皮皮昨天没有去上学，是吧？ -yes，he did. 不，他去了。 -no，he didnt. 是的，他没去。 回答反意疑问句，答语含义是依据。 肯定事实用yes， 否定事实no来替。 【即学活用】 1.He didnt go to

14、 the park yesterday, did he? -_. He was ill yesterday. A. Yes, he did B. No, he did C. No, he didnt D. Yes, he didnt 2. Theres not much news in todays paper, _? A. isnt it B. are there C. is there D. arent there 3. The manager came here in a car, _? A. was he B. did he C. wasnt he D. didnt he 4. You

15、 are not a new member, are you? - _. I joined only yesterday. A. No, Im not B. Yes, Im not C. No, I am D. Yes, I am 知识点6 Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。 【讲解】 Asas 意为和一样 , asas中间用形容词或副词的原级 (as +形容词原级/副词原级+as）,其否定结构为not asas，意为不像那样 I gets up as early as Jim. 我和吉姆起得一样早。 She isnt as beautiful a

16、s you. 她没你漂亮。 同级比较口诀： 同级比较用原级，asas 永不离 若是否定加not， asas否前者 not加在asas前，说明两者有区别 not加在soas前，后者总比前者强。 【即学活用】Lihuas shoes are as _as Zhanghuis. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. not cheap 知识点7 Oh, which one was Lisa? 哦，哪一个是丽莎？ 【讲解】 Which在此问句中做形容词，后跟名词，意为哪一个。 which city does she live? 她住在哪一个城市？ Which还可做疑问代

17、词： which is your best friend, Tom or Lucy? 哪一个是你最好的朋友，是汤姆还是露丝？ 【即学活用】 你想要哪一个苹果？ _ 知识点8 Hard-working，hard work，work hard 【讲解】 【即学活用】 The _boy always does _and _. A. hard-working, works hard, hard work B. works hard, hard-working, hard work C. hard-working, hard work, works hard D. works hard, hard-wo

18、rking, hard workHard-working形容词形容词，努力工作的，勤勉的a hard-working boyHard work名词短语名词短语，辛苦的工作，hard是形容词，修饰不可数名词workthis is hard work, but I like it.Work hard动词短语动词短语，努力工作，hard是副词，修饰动词workhe works hard 知识点9 You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过，你能看出来，丽莎真的很想赢。 【讲解】 (1)Though在此做副词意为可是，不过，然而，常用

19、于口语 中，一般放在句尾。 It was a hard job. He took it, though. 这是分苦差事，可他还是接受了。 (2)Though还可做连词，意为虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句，此时可以和although互换 Though/Although he was ill, he worked hard. 虽然他生病了，但是他仍然努力工作。 (3) though/although 表示虽然，尽管时，不能和but连用在一个句子中。(与此类似的还有because和so)【即学活用】1._Lin Feng has to work late,_ he always wears a smi

20、le on her face. A.Because, so B. though, but C. Although, but D. Though, /2. She always buys cheap clothes_ she is rich enough.A. although B. but C. though D. and 3. 虽然你比他高，但是你没他强壮。_than him, _4.虽然他是一个努力学习的学生，但是他没有Lucy聪明。_5.因为他起床晚了，所以他不想去上学了。_Unit 3 精讲笔记B 知识点1 Truly cares about me. 确实关心我 【讲解】(1)Care

21、 about 是动词短语，意为关心，在意。 Care用作动词对在意，相当于mind，about为介词，后接动词ing形式 care for 喜欢 take care = be careful 小心，当心 take care of 照顾，照看 (2)truly为副词，意为真正，确实，常位于系动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。 【即学活用】I hope everyone can care about_ the environment and stop _things. A. Protecting，wasting B. protecting，to waste C. protect，wasti

22、ng D. protect， to waste 知识点2 Makes me laugh 使我笑 【讲解】 （1）Make 使役动词，意为使，制作，让 . Make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 常用结构：1.make+宾语+动词原形（宾补）让做某事 2.make +宾语+形容词（宾补） 使 （2）此处Laugh作不及物动词，意为发笑，常用短语 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 Dont laugh at me! 不要嘲笑我！ 【即学活用】 1.You look so tired. -My mother makes me _playing t

23、he piano for 2 hours every day. A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. practiced 2.His talk show is very funny. It always makes people_. A. laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. to laugh 知识点3 Thats why I like reading books and I study harder in class. 那就是我为什么喜欢读书而且在班里学习更努力的原因 【讲解】 （1）thats why 意为那就是的

24、原因，常用于句首，后面常接结果。Why引导的句子在此句中作be动词的表语，是表语从句 I got up late, and thats why I missed the bus. 我起床晚了，那就是我没赶上公共汽车的原因。 （2）thats because表示那是因为,后面常接原因 He missed the bus; thats because he got up late. 他错过了公共汽车，那是因为他起床晚了。 【即学活用】 她生病了，那就是她昨天没有去上学的原因。 _ 知识点4 Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends. 我很害羞，所以

25、交朋友对我来说并不容易。 【讲解】 (1) Its +adj. +for sb. to do sth. 是固定结构，意为做某事对某人来说是的，该结构中it是形式主语，真正的主语时后面的动词不定式to do结构。句中的形容词为描述事物特征的词，如easy，difficult，hard，important，dangerous，necessary等 表示对某人而言时，其后的介词用for (sb.) Its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day. (2) 当此句型中的形容词是描述人物品质及性格特征的词，如kind，clev

26、er, good, nice, polite, helpful时其后用介词of (sb.) It is kind of you to help me with my English. 你真善良,帮我学英语 【即学活用】 对我来说，学英语很难_ 你真乐于助人，帮我做家庭作业 _ 知识点5 I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different 我真的不在乎我的朋友是否和我一样或与我不同 【讲解】 (1)If 在此作连词，意为是否，if在此引导的句子是主句I dont really care的谓语动词care的宾语，所以叫做

27、宾语从句。 I dont know if he is at home. 我不知道他是否在家 (2)if 可以意为如果，引导条件状语从句。此时主句为一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时（主将从现） If it rains tomorrow, I will not go there. 如果明天下雨，我就不去那了。 (3)the same as 意为和一样,其反义短语为be different from 【即学活用】 This time I dont know if I _the exam. If I_ the exam, I will have a great vacation. A.

28、pass, pass B. pass, will pass C. will pass, pass D. will pass, will pass 知识点6 Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids in my class. 我与杰夫不同，因为在班里我比其他的孩子声音更响亮 【讲解】 The other kids = any other kids 其他的孩子the other 特指两个中的另一个，onethe other，the other 后也可接数词或复数名词，特指其他的the others特指某一范围内的其他的人/物，是the other的复