GMAT阅读分析范例

1、1）（主题句，由此句和三段首句可知本文是结论解释型文章，即主要特点是总分式）（观点之一）seeks to debunk （负评价的实义动词）the idealizations and present a reality（正评价词）at odds with Nightingales heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingales importance during the Crimean War（和观点二比较的差别点） has been exaggerated（负评价的实义动词）: not until near the wars end

2、 did she become supervisor of the female（递进副词，表示行文方向一致，因此后面内容可以略读，仅提炼关键词即可，或不读）Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal. The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizaitonal pratices, and theaddition of a few nurs

3、es to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingales place in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is lrgely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.（以上略读）2）By contrast（重要的强转折词，注意对比方/观点的差异点）,（对比观点二）of a new volume of Nightingales letters view Nighting

4、ale as a person who significantly influenced（正评价词） not only （观点二比较的差别点，和观点一中during the Crimean War对比，这一句是后面举例的总结句，重要，知道总结句可以不用看后面的例子。）. For example,（举例通常可以略读，只提取例子中的关键词，如for example 前面的一句话，因为例子都是用来说明总结句的，只要明白总结句的意思就行了。 ）when she leanred exeeded that of neighboring civilian populations, she succeeded

5、 in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through publiccontributions to found a nurses traning hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 t

6、he British Armys medical services were still using the cost-accounting system she had devised in the 1860s.（以上略读）3）I believe that the evidence of her letters supports（正评价词） continued respect forNightingales brilliance and creativity（正评价词）. （总结句后举例说明，提取关键字，略读）When counseling a village schoolmaster to

7、 encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in order to devise appropriate treatments is similar to the approach of modern social workers.（以上略读）（文章题目：evaluating(A) the importance of Florence Nig

8、htingales innovations in the field of nursing (B) contrasting approaches to the writing of historical biography(D) the quality of health care in nineteenth-century England(E) the effect of the Crimean War on developments in the field of health care74. According to the passage, the editors（定位在观点二出现段）

9、 of Nightingales letters credit（正评价的实义动词，将定位进一步限制在观点二中的正评价处，即找贡献） her with contributing to which of the following?语为观点一的内容，观点二的比较点在after the war，大胆排除）(B) The development of a nurses（原文未出现，排除）that was far in advance of its day（原文未出现，排除）practicing in British Army hospitals （极端词文章没有，选项出现，排除！）facility f

10、or traiing nurses at a major British university(E) The creation of an organization for monitoring the peacetime living conditions of British soldiers 原文对应：she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a RoyalCommission on the Health of the Army. 直接事实题，定位在2）段，for example 后具体内容中，此题重点在于对于文中未出

11、现的信息的果断排除，千万不要超出文章半步的猜测。75. The passage suggests which of the following about Nightingales relationship with the British （定位在二段举例中，观点一或其他段落未谈到） of her day?(A) She was highly respected, her projects receiving popular and governmental support. (B) Sheencountered resistance both from the army establish

12、ment and the general public. (C) She was supported by the working classes and opposed by the wealthier classes. (D) She was supported by the military establishment but had to fight the governmental bureaucracy. (E) After intially being received with enthusiams, she was quickly forgotten.She used sum

13、s raised through public contributions to found a nurses traning hospital in London. 原文中唯一有public这个词的句子只有一处，确定无疑。76. The passage suggests which of the following about in Britain War（重要的定位依据，说明是观点二的内容，所以我以前说，对题干的提炼一定要注意，即使只是一个时间状语）?(A) While not ideal, they were superior to those in other parts of the

14、 world.(B) Compared with conditions before the war, they had deteriorated.(C) They were more advanced in rural areas than in the urban centers.(D) They were worse in military camps than in the neighboring civilian populations. (E) They were unifromaly crude and unsatisfactory throughout England.she

15、leanred that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exeeded that of neighboring civilian populations,. 77. Which of the following statements regarding the differing interpretations of Nightingales importance (A) Summers misunderstood

16、both the importance of Nightingales achievements during the Crimean War and her subsequent influence on British policy.(B) The editors of Nightingales letters made some valid points about her practical achievements, but they still exaggerated her influence on subsequent genrations. (C) Although , sh

17、e ignored evidence of Nightingalessubsequent achievement that suggests that her reputation as aneminent social reformer is welldeserved. 定位于文末最后一句，关于作者对两个观点的总结句：among the ranks of social pioneers.(D) The editors of Nightingales letters mistakenly propagated the outdated idealization of Nightingale t

18、hat only impedes attempts to arrive at a balance assessment of her true role. (E) The evidence ofNightingales letters supports Summers conclusions both about Nightingales activities and about her influence.78. Which of the following is an assumption underlying the authors assessment ofNightingales c

19、reativity（定位关键词，三段首句中，所以读原文注意评价词！）? (A) Educational philosophy in Nightingales day did not normally emphasize developing childrens ability to observe.When counseling a village schoolmaster to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator.for the needy in

20、 nineteenth-century Britain.(E) The British Armys medical services had本题注意细节的排除，坚决按照原文信息！原文未出现的信息坚决不能选！尤其注意极端词汇！（以上选项中划线部分都是排除的依据） 79. In the last paragraph（直接定位）, the author is primarily concerned with (A) summarizing the arguments about Nightingale presented in the first two paragraphs (B) refutin

21、g the view of Nightingales career presented in the preceding pargraph (C) analyzing the weaknesses of the evidence presented elsewhere in the passage (D) citing evidence to support a view of Nightingales career (E) correcting a factual error occurring in one of the works under review 段落作用题，需要建立在框架把握的基础上，第三段和前两段的关系如