（全国用）2018年高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题三完形填空第三节题组训练8说明文课件

1、专题三完形填空 第三节题组训练题组8说明文1(2021黑龙江哈尔滨六中三模)New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive human-made climate warming in the coming century，contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out.A study， 1 in the latest edition of Ecolog

2、y and Evolution，reveals the 2 age of some Amazonian tree speciesmore than 8 million yearsand 3 shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods 4 for the year 2100. The authors write that，having survived warm periods in the past，the trees will 5 s

3、urvive future warming，provided there are no other major environmental changes. 6 extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures 7 ，the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures.The authors 8 that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the ris

4、k of drought and fire，conservation policy should remain 9 on preventing deforestation(采伐森林) for agriculture and mining.The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species extinctions 10 relatively small increases in global average air temperatures.Study co-author Dr Simon L

5、ewis (UCL Geography) said the 11 were good news for Amazon tree species，but warned that drought and over-exploitation of the forest remained major 12 to the Amazons future.Dr Lewis said, “The past cannot be compared directly with the future.While tree species seem likely to 13 higher air temperature

6、s than today，the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and 14 ，and what remains is being degraded(使恶化) by logging(伐木)，and increasingly split up by fields and roads. “Species will not move as freely in todays Amazon as they did in previous warm periods，when there was no human 15 .Similar

7、ly，todays climate change is extremely fast，making comparisons with slower changes in the past 16 .“With a clearer 17 of the relative risks to the Amazon forest，we 18 that direct human impactssuch as forest clearances for agriculture or miningshould remain a key point of conservation policy.We also n

8、eed more aggressive 19 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and 20 the future of most Amazon tree species. 语篇解读语篇解读本文主要讲了一项最新的研究，研究说明气候变暖不会使亚马逊古代树种灭绝。解析advertise做广告； describe描述； publish公布；present呈现。此处表示：?生物与进化?的最新版公布的一项研究。应选C。1.A.advertised

9、 B.describedC.published D.presented答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析frightening令人害怕的；surprising令人惊讶的；exciting令人兴奋的；interesting有趣的。句意为：这项研究揭示了亚马逊树种惊人的年龄。应选B。2.A.frightening B.surprisingC.exciting D.interesting答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析句意为：这些古代树种有着超800多万年的树龄，因此说明了它可以幸存于和先前所有时期一样温暖的全球气候变

10、暖的时期，预测为2100年。therefore因此。应选D。3.A.still B.neverthelessC.however D.therefore答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析assess评定；confirm确认；forecast预测；promise允许。由上题解析可知选C。4.A.assess B.confirm C.forecast D.promise答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析句意为：作者写道，亚马逊的树种曾在高温气候中生存下来，所以将来也有可能在气温升高的气候中存活。应选B。5.A.parti

11、cularly B.probablyC.merely D.possibly答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析句意为：虽然随着温度的升高，严重的干旱及森林火灾将会影响亚马逊流域，但这些树木将会忍受更高温度的直接影响。应选B。6.A.Since B.Although C.When D.If答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析rise升高；change变化；drop掉落；end结束。由本句末的“higher temperatures可知应是温度升高。应选A。7.A.rise B.change C.drop D.end答案解

12、析1234567891011121314151617181920解析consider考虑；decide决定；guarantee保证；recommend推荐，建议。后面是作者的建议，应选D。8.A.consider B.decideC.guarantee D.recommend答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析base以根底；build建筑；focus集中；make制作。句意为：保护措施应当仍然集中于防止为了农业和矿业的开展而采伐森林。应选C。9.A.based B.built C.focused D.made答案解析1234567891011121314

13、151617181920解析in relation to关于，涉及；in response to响应，答复，对做出反响；in reply to答复；in reference to关于。句意为：这项研究与最近其他研究不同的是他们预测树种的灭绝是对相对小幅度的全球平均气温升高的反响。应选B。10.A.in relation to B.in response toC.in reply to D.in reference to答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析finding发现；thought想法；invention创造；writing作品。句意为：教授说这些发

14、现对于亚马逊树种来说是一个好消息，但他警告称干旱和过度采伐森林对于亚马逊的未来来说仍然是主要的威胁。应选A。11.A.findings B.thoughts C.inventions D.writings答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析threat威胁；disadvantage不利条件；embarrassment窘境；instruction说明，指示。由上题解析可知选A。12.A.threats B.disadvantagesC.embarrassments D.instructions答案解析12345678910111213141516171819

15、20解析accept接受；tolerate容忍，忍耐；permit允许；require要求。 句意为：虽然树种好似能忍耐比现在更高的温度，但亚马逊森林正在向农业和矿业转变。应选B。13.A.accept B.tolerate C.permit D.require答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析farming畜牧业；planting种植业；catering效劳业；mining矿业。由第二段最后一句中的“deforestation(采伐森林) for agriculture and mining可知选D。14.A.farming B.planting C.

16、catering D.mining答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析power力量；influence影响；desire欲望；violence暴力。句意为：当这里没有人类影响的时候。应选B。15.A.power B.influence C.desire D.violence答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析句意为：现在气候变化极快，使之与过去缓慢的变化比较起来很难。应选A。16.A.difficult B.clearC.easy D.important答案解析1234567891011121314151617181

17、920解析句意为：更清楚地理解了亚马逊森林所面对的危险，我们推断出人类直接的影响，比方为了农、矿业而采伐森林，仍是保护政策的重点。17.A.belief B.directionC.understanding D.suggestion答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析conclude推断，做结论。由上题解析可知选B。18.A.doubt B.conclude C.calculate D.prefer答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析句意为：为了把干旱和火灾的风险降到最低并保护亚马逊树种的未来，我们也需要更多积极的行动

18、来减少温室气体的排放。action行动。19.A.thought B.guidanceC.protection D.action答案解析1234567891011121314151617181920解析secure保护，使平安。由上题解析可知选A。20.A.secure B.advance C.sacrifice D.evaluate答案解析12345678910111213141516171819202(2021安徽黄山质检)Men and women may have different experiences in shopping for clothes.A man goes shop

19、ping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in 21 .He knows what he wants，and his 22 is to find it and buy it.All men 23 walk into a shop and ask the shop assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock(库存)，the deal can be done and 24 is completed in less than five mi

20、nutes，with hardly any chat to everyones 25 . For a man，slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants.In that 26 ，the salesman tries to sell the customer something elsehe 27 the nearest to the article required.A good salesman brings out such a substitute(替代品) 28 ；he may say，“I k

21、now this jacket is not the style you want，sir，but would you like to try it for size？It 29 to be the color you mentioned. Few men have 30 with this treatment，and the usual answer is：“This is the right color and may be the right size，but I shouldnt be 31 my time and yours by trying it on.For a woman，b

22、uying clothes is always done in the 32 way.Her shopping is not often 33 on need.She has never fully decided what she wants，and she is only “having a look around.She is always 34 to persuasion，willing to try on any number of things.Deep in her mind is the thought of finding something that 35 thinks s

23、uits her.Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the lookout for the unexpected 36 .Faced with a roomful of dresses，a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another 37 selecting the dress she wants to 38 .It is a tiresome process，but clearly a(n) 39 one.Most dres

24、s shops provide chairs for the waiting 40 .语篇解读本文为说明文。文章介绍了男女在购物方面的不同表现。 语篇解读解析根据下句“He knows what he wants.可知男人购物时，他们要买的东西预先(in advance)就决定好了。21.A.detail B.hurry C.advance D.mind答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目标(goal)就是发现它并购置。advice建议；demand要求；question问题。22.A.advice B.g

25、oal C.demand D.question答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析所有的男士只是(simply)走进商店向售货员要他们想要的东西。quickly迅速地；immediately立即；soon不久。23.A.quickly B.immediatelyC.soon D.simply答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析如果商店有现货就可以进行交易，交易过程常常(often)在不到5分钟之内就可完成，几乎没有闲聊且皆大欢喜(to everyones satisfaction)。

26、constantly不停地；normally正常地，一般地；finally最后。24.A.often B.constantlyC.normally D.finally答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析解析见上题。confidence信心；amusement娱乐；satisfaction满意；surprise惊奇。25.A.confidence B.amusementC.satisfaction D.surprise答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析如果那样的话(in that c

27、ase)，售货员就会竭尽全力卖给顾客其他东西售货员会把离这位男顾客想要的东西最近的那件提供(offer)给他。26.A.time B.event C.situation D.case答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析解析见上题。give给予；present赠送，呈现；deliver送(货)。27.A.gives B.offersC.presents D.delivers答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析好的售货员会巧妙地(skillfully)拿出这样的替代品。attentive

28、ly认真地；actively积极地；carefully仔细地。28.A.skillfully B.attentivelyC.actively D.carefully答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析先生，我知道这件夹克不是你想要的款式，但是你能试一试这件看看尺码适宜吗？那碰巧(happen)是你提到的那种颜色。29.A.occurs B.happensC es D.takes答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析根据上文男士购物特点的介绍可知：很少的男士会对这种效劳有耐心(patie

29、nce)。interest兴趣；expectation期待；experience经验。30.A.patience B.interestC.expectation D.experience答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析这件的颜色和大小可能都适宜，但我不应该通过试穿它来浪费(waste)你我的时间。lose丧失；spend花费；give给予。31.A.losing B.spendingC.giving D.wasting答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析对于女士来说，她们总是以迥

30、然不同的(opposite)方式购置衣服。same相同的；clever聪明的；similar相似的。32.A.same B.cleverC.opposite D.similar答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析女士购物经常不是基于需要。be based on基于；be relied on被依赖。没有be done on和be related on结构。33.A.relied B.basedC.done D.related答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析根据后半句中的“.will

31、ing to try on any number of things.可知，女士总是乐于接受(be open to)劝导。没有be ready to sth.和be happy to sth.句式，故排除B、D两项；be close to sth.接近某物，不合句意，故被排除。34.A.open B.readyC.close D.happy答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析在女性购物者内心深处是想找到每个人(everyone)都认为适合她的东西。anybody常用于否认句和疑问句，故被排除。nobody和somebody不合本句句意，可

32、直接排除。35.A.nobody B.somebodyC.everybody D.anybody答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析根据上文(大多数女性都有超高的价值意识)可推知，女性购物者总是对意外的廉价货(bargain)很留意。deal交易；surprise惊奇；luck运气。36.A.deal B.surpriseC.luck D.bargain答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析面对满屋子的衣服，女性购物者可能会很容易花一个小时从一个服装架走到另一个服装架才(before)

33、会选中自己想要试穿(try on)的衣服。37.A.after B.asC.before D.by答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析参考上题解析。38.A.try on B.try outC.try up D.try for答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940解析这个过程很烦人，但对女性购物者来说显然是一种令她们很愉悦的(enjoyable)过程。39.A.tiring B.enjoyableC.boring D.graceful答案解析212223242526272829303132

34、3334353637383940解析男士不愿意购物，因此大多数服装店总是给等待女士购物的丈夫们提供椅子。40.A.customers B.assistantsC.wives D.husbands答案解析2122232425262728293031323334353637383940以上语篇训练之素材提炼再拓展.单词梳理1.We agreed with his acute (analyse) of the political situation.2.On his return he reported his (find) to the committee.3.This book has just

35、 entered the seventh (edit).4.China is a developing (agriculture) country.5.Her books have gained popularity (recent).6.My brother was (similar) threatened.analysisfindingseditionagriculturalrecentlysimilarly7.We need a (decide) about what to do next.8.There are signs that this number is increasing (slight).9.The best (treat) for a cold is to rest and