长沙地区基于气候分析探索城市化与环境的和谐关系

1、Exploring harmonious development between urbanization and eco-environment based on climate analysisA study in Changsha, China Autors: LIU Shao-bo(, GUO Ya-qi, ZENG Xiao-xia,LIU Su, YIN Yi-chen, LIU Yun-guo Source: J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. (2011) 18: 101107ContentsExperimentalResults and discuss

2、ion3Introduction12Conclusion4 Research framework of urbanization climate eco- environment (UCE) system The change of urban warming was investigated by several urbanization factors in Changsha, China. The data of surface temperature (minimum, maximum and mean) of Changsha were analyzed to understand

3、the possible effects of urbanization on the climate of this region owing to the population growth, built-uparea expansion and energy consumption increases. The weights of these three factors were calculated by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Then, three weights were simulated with nonlinear

4、method to obtain the urbanization development rate which was utilized to reveal the influence of the urbanization factors on the surface temperature.AbstractThe result shows that there is a significant upward trend in the urban temperatures of Changsha. The temperature increase seems to be closely r

5、elated to the rate of urbanization between 1993 and 2008, and there is an evidential increase trend of the influence on urban temperature by urbanization during 16 years.层次分析法（AHP）AHP是对定性问题进行定量分析的一种简便、灵活而又实用的多准则决策方法。层次分析法（AHP）是一个综合，逻辑和结构框架，通过分层将问题分解提高复杂问题的理解。决策者通过所有相关决策标准的合并和成对比较来确定目标之间的权衡。Introduct

6、ion The local climate change due to the rapid urbanization process may be considered, in general, harmful to cities, resulting in the following main problems: 1) It has a direct negative effect on human settlement. It brings the threat to human comfort and health, the loss of social fortune and the

7、impact on economic production. 2) Its effect s on the natural environment cannot be neglected. Increasing concern about climate change has recently generated the studies about the effects of urbanization on the mitigation of the urban warming. Many studies have been conducted on the effects of urban

8、ization on the individual factors that will in turn influence climate: population growth, expansion of urban areas, energy consumption.However, there are still some deficiencies in previous researches on urban heat island and greenhous.The environment impact and planning strategy were researched qua

9、litatively, but not quantitatively.The objectives of this study are: 1) to identify the urban warming due to the three prominent urbanization components from 1993 to 2008, and evaluate the weights to the factors of urbanization; 2) to search the possible effects of urbanization on urban warming in C

10、hangsha, China.2 Experimental 2.1 Study area2.2 Data sources2.3 Methods 2.3.1 Research framework of urbanization climate eco- environment (UCE) system 2.3.2 Mathematical method and calculation process2.1 Study area2.2 Data sources2.2 Data sources2.3.1 Research framework of urbanization climate eco-

11、environment (UCE) system2.3.2 Mathematical method and calculation processThree factors, built-up area, total energy consumption and population as index of urbanization were transformed into dimension-less values using data standard treatment. The equation is shown as Urbanization development is cons

12、idered to be a nonlinear system and its evolvement process can be expressed as follows: Expand the equation around the origin using Taylor series, and then the equation above can be expressed byThen, linear system for urbanization is approximately: (1)3.Results and discussion3.1 Change trend of popu

13、lation, energy and land use3.2 Urban warming caused by urbanization3.3 Utility and adaptation of methodology in China3.1 Change trend of population, energy and land use3.2.1 Relative evolvement rate of urbanizationthe evolvement rate of urbanization can be expressed as 3.2.2 Relationship between rel

14、ative rate of urbanization and surface temperature The temperature in Changsha is increased in annual minimum, maximum and mean temperature during the studied period. The current temperatures are higher than those of the past at all. The temperature conditions and the increase seem to be closely rel

15、ated to the rate ofurbanization during the same period.Urbanization effect has a most evident effect on the maximum temperature, compared with the minimum temperature and the mean temperature, and the effec onminimum temperature is the least.With proportion calculation, there is an evidential increa

16、se trend of urbanization influence on urban warming during 16 years, compared with the regional climate effect. The effect rates of relative urbanization on the minimum, maximum and mean temperature are 0.499, 0.738 and 0.646, respectively. However, a statistically significant urbanization effect pr

17、evails over all these years in the maximum temperature (Fig.5(b) except 1994 and 1997, and the magnitude is greater than the regional warming. The increase of maximum temperature has been most affected by the urbanization effect. 3.2.3 Attribution of urbanization effects on urban warming 1)In the analysis, temperature changes in Changsha influenced by regional climate change are limited from 1993 to 2008. Increase in the maximum temperature is mo