高二英语选修SharingLearningaboutLanguagePPT课件

1、 The Attributive Clause 1 第1页/共40页1 英语中哪些词或短语能做定语？2 定语的位置？I like hardworking students. The second man was out. The book on the desk is a novel. The weather forecast says it will rain. They must finish their homework.第2页/共40页 The boy punished yesterday / The punished boy is a tall one. The man upstai

2、rs is leaving for Shantou tomorrow. The man sleeping there / The sleeping man is from the south. The houses that have been sold out must be the better ones. The man to write the letter is Tom.第3页/共40页I like hardworking students.The book on the desk is a novel. The houses that have been sold out must

3、 be the better ones. 定语的位置：单个的词作定语通常放在被修饰词的 面，副词、短语、从句位于被修饰词的 面。 什么词可作定语： adj., n, 数词，代词，介短，ing，ed，to do，副词，定语从句 前后第4页/共40页一般定语从句的结构是：“先行词+关系词+从句”。（限制性定语从句）翻译：的 注意：在中文翻译上，关系代词词或关系副词没有字面的含义，不用翻译。The boy who broke the window is called Tom.定语从句先行词的第5页/共40页定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。The man who lives next

4、to us is a lawyer. 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有:who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词:where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分第6页/共40页He is a singer.He was the singer whose money was spent in sponsoring(资助) poor children to go to school. 第7页/共40页A. Xu Benyu is a 24-year-old boy. B. His family is very poor.Xu B

5、enyu is a 24-year-old boy whose family is very poor.第8页/共40页A.When he was still a student, he began to sponsor those students.B. Those students were poorer than him. When he was still a student, he began to sponsor those students who were poorer than him.第9页/共40页A. Xu Benyu is the very person.B. We

6、should learn from him.Xu Benyu is the very person whom we should learn from.第10页/共40页The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.先行词放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句关系词1. 连接作用2. 在从句中充当成分后第11页/共40页关系词1. 关系代词2. 关系副词1.指人2.指物3.指某一情况that who whom whosethat which whosewhichas不能放于句首放于句中或句首“正如”when where why(主语/宾语/定语)(状语)=

7、介词+which第12页/共40页引导定语从句的关系代词 that which who whom whose that即指人又指物, 作主语或宾语。which指物, 作主语或宾语。who, whom指人, who作主语, whom作宾语。that, which, whom在定语从句中作宾语时,可省去。第13页/共40页1. that在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语, 指人和物指人和物1) A plane is a machine that can fly. 2) The noodles that I cooked were delicious. 3) Lets ask the man

8、that is reading the book over there. 4) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jims sister. (主语)(宾语)(主语)(宾语)第14页/共40页2. which 在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语, 指物指物1) They planted the trees which didnt need much water. 2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3. who、whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语)1)The foreigner

9、who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. (主语)(宾语)(主语)第15页/共40页2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael. 3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write. (主语)(宾语)(宾语)第16页/共40页4. whose在从句中作定语在从句中作定语,指人或物指人或物1) Miss Flower is the t

10、eacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.3) This is the book whose cover is blue.第17页/共40页2. 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用who, 不用that. Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the scho

11、ol. 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关系代词在 从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用who。 Who is the man that is shouting there? She is not the girl that she used to be. 第18页/共40页3. 先行词是人, 从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语 时, 用whom或that(介词后不用that)。 The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. He is the student (whom, who, that)

12、you want to see. 关系代词that, which, whom 在从句中作 宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则 不可省略, 如上面第一句from后面的whom 就不能省略。第19页/共40页4.下列情况只用that不用which引导定语从句。 1)先行词是all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one, some等 不定代词。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 2)先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, mu

13、ch, one of, 等所修饰时。 All that he could do was waiting. 第20页/共40页3) 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the first film that Ive ever seen. The last place that they visited was Beijing.4) 先行词中既有人又有物时。 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.第21页/共40页5) 先行词被the only, the very, th

14、e same, the last 修饰时。6) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中, 要用that。 Whoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.7) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that。 He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place that it used to be.第22页/共40页Are you clear now?OK. Lets do some exe

15、rcises!第23页/共40页Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.1.The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2.We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.that / who which / that 第24页/共40页3.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in

16、 the earthquake. 4. A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.6. Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher.(which / that)who /whom /thatwhosethat / which 第25页/共40页1. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make

17、 a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who Key D 解析: 本题考察定语从句关联词的选择， 从句意可知先行词the famous basketball star (著名的篮球明星)是人, 所以应用表示人的 关联词who。真题解析第26页/共40页2. (2006 北京) Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _d

18、ont. A who; / B /; who C who; who D / ; / Key: C 解析: 本题考查两个定语从句, 这两个定语 从句都缺少主语, 在定语从句中, 如果是关系 代词做定语从句的主语, 关系代词不能省略， 故答案选C。第27页/共40页3. (2006 福建) Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that Key A 解析: whose在定语从句中做roof的定语， 用于修饰house. 第28页/共40页4

19、. (2005 福建)- Is that the small town you often refer to? -Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what Key C 解析: 从句中 you know是插入语, 所以用 where引导表示地点的定语从句。第29页/共40页1. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ ap

20、peared a rare rainbow soon.(2008福建） A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which高考链接 - 2008D 第30页/共40页2. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (08陕西卷)A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of whichD 第31页/共40页3. The growing speed o

21、f a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. (2008湖南卷) A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of thatB 第32页/共40页4. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _ there wont be much work. (2008上海春招) A. where B. that C. by which D. without whichD 第33页/共

22、40页5. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from whichC 第34页/共40页6. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (2008年上海卷) A. which B. whose C. in which D. with whi

23、chC 第35页/共40页1. It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. 2007四川卷四川卷 A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which2. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy 2007北京卷北京卷 A. that B. which C. what D. whom高考链接 - 2007D D 第36页/共40页3. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. 2007江苏卷 A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that