专升本必备词汇

1、raise 意 义:vt.举起、提高、提升；筹集、征集；唤起、引起；养育、饲养、种植；提升，增加（工资）搭 配:raise ones hand 举手raise ones hat to sb. 向某人脱帽致敬raise doubts in peoples minds 引起人们的怀疑raise a child 养育孩子raise farm/corps 饲养raise funds 筹集资金raise salaries 增加薪水raise standards of service 提高服务水平辨析:Raise lift raise 多指由低处垂直举往高处，不一定费力 lift 指用力或机械把重物提高到

2、较高的位置rise arise  arouse 真 题 Though_in San Francisco,rise v.上升arise v.发生arouse v.激发起Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life. A)raised B)grown C)developed D)cultivated 答案：Aextend 意 义：vt.延伸；扩展、扩大；提供、给予；vi.伸展、延伸；（在范围或应用上）达到构 词：ex(向外)+tend（伸展）变 形：extensio

3、n. n.伸出、伸展；延长部分；电话分机extensive a. 广大的、广阔的；广泛的intensive a.加强的，深入细致的搭 配：extensive knowledge 广博的知识to extend credit/visa 延长信贷限期/签证extensive reading 泛读extensive discussion 广泛的讨论辨析：enlarge expand enlarge v.扩大，放大expand v.使膨胀，扩张extend lengthen prolong extend 指直线状的伸展，引申指扩大势力、范围。lengthen 指增加长度或延长时间。prolong 指时间

4、过程延长到超过通常或正常的限度。真 题 It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _ knowledge. A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensive 答案：Aintensive 意 义：a.加强的，集中的，深入细致的；集约（经营）的，精耕细作的构 词：ex(向外)+tend（伸展）变 形：intensity n.强烈，剧烈；强度 intensively adv.加强地，集中地，深入细致地搭 配：intensive study 深入细致

5、的研究intensive reading 精读intensive agriculture 集约农业labor intensity 劳动强度look at sb. with intensity 深情地看着某人辨 析 ：intense 意为“非常的；强烈的”，常用于形容某种性质或感情，表示很高或达到极端的程度。intensive 含有intense的意思，但更强调“精细的；集中的”。An intense attack 全线的攻击；an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击。真 题：1. The patients health failed to such an extent that

6、he was put into_care. A)tense B)rigid C)intensive D)tight C2.The relationship between employers and employees has been studied_ A)originally B)extremely C)violently D)intensively 答案：1. C   2.Davailable意 义:a.现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的；可取得联系的，可得到的构 词:a(to)+vail(value,价值)+able(后缀)-有利用价值的-可利用的搭 配:make s

7、th. available to/for 使可以享受某物；使.买得起某物the only available room 唯一可用的房子；辨 析:available a. 现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的handy a. 手边的，就近的，便利的，敏捷的at hand 在手边，在附近，即将到来真 题: 1.Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are_in grocery stores. A) ready B) approachable C) probable D) available 2.In general, the

8、amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _for living expense. A)acceptable B)available C)advisable D)applicable 答案：1. D   2.Bcharge意 义:n.控告，指控;主管，看管;费用，价钱;负荷,电荷,充电 vt.索价，要.支付;控告，指控;使承担（任务、责任等）;使负荷,使充电搭 配:in charge of 主管,看管in(under)the charge of 在的掌管

9、下charge sb.with 指控某人charge(sb.)(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付.(钱)买某物take charge 开始管理,接管a positive/negative charge 正/负电荷be on charge 正充电at modest charges 以公道的价格charge for trouble 手续费charge a battery 给电池充电辨 析: accuse 指的是严重程度不等的犯罪或冒犯行为,accuse与介词of连用,charge 所指的是正式控告或指责具有违法性质的行为,charge与介词with搭配.真 题:1. She was

10、 complaining that the doctor was _too much for the treatment he was giving her. A) expending B) offering C) costing D) charging 2.This hotel _$60 for a single room with bath. A)charges B)demands C)prices D)claims 答案：1. D   2.Acase意 义：n.事例,实例,事实,情况;病例;案件;箱,盒,套;手提箱搭 配 ： case in point 有关的事例,例

11、证a case in point 恰当的例子in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case 假使,以防(引导虚拟语气)sum up the case 概括事实in case of 假如,如果发生;防备in no case 无论如何不,决不in this/that case 如果这样.那样的话a case of measles 麻疹病例appeal a case 申述pack a case 装箱in the case of 就.来说, 至于as the case may be 看情况，根据具体情况辨 析：case 事实, 事例, 情况, 其可笼统地指一个完整的论题, 也可表典型的事例,

12、 也可用于表医学上的病例或法律上的案例.instance 为正式用词,指从事实中援引单独事例,隐含其典型性重难点、语法规则：in case意为“假使；免得，以防（万一）”。In case引导的从句可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，虚拟形式为should+动词原形真 题1.I was advised to arrange for insurance _I needed medical treatment. A) nevertheless B) although C) in case D) so that 2.I left for the office earlier than usual this

13、 morning _traffic jam. A) in line with B) for the sake of C) in case of D) at the risk of 3.We left the manager a note_ he wanted to know where we were. A) If B) in case C) so that D) unless 4.The lawyer advised him to drop _, since he stands little chance to win. A)event B)incident C)case D)affair

14、答案：1.C  2.C  3.B  4.Ceffect 意 义:n.结果、效果; v.实现、使生效变 形:effective 有效的，生效的，起作用的；给人印象深刻的；实际的，事实上的effectively 有效地、起作用地搭 配:bring/carry/put into effect 实行、实现take effective measures 采取有效措施effective range 有效射程；effective ways of reducing pollution 降低污染的有效方法；take effect 生效、起作用to th

15、e effect that 大意是effective 有效的、起作用的in effect 实际上、实质上come/go into effect 生效to no effect 无效；毫无结果辨析:effect  consequence effect 指明显的原因所产生的后果。consequence 可指没有明确原因的后果或效果。effective  valideffective 表示能产生实际的效果。valid 指仍为权威部门认可，可以继续使用，是法律用语。真 题1.They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gas

16、es from escaping. A) fruitful B) beneficial C) valid D) effective 2.Though the long-term_ can not be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee. A) affect B) effect C) result D) consequence 3.The new appointment of our president _from the very beginning of next semester. A)takes effec

17、t B)takes part C)takes place D)takes turn A答案：1. D 2.B 3.Atransmit意 义:vt.播送、发射；传送、传染构 词:trans(从到.)+mit(发送)变 形:transmission 播送、发射 ;传送、传染搭 配:transmit knowledge from one generation to another 把知识由一代传给另一代transmission of news 消息的传播；transmit news by radio 由无线电发送消息真 题:1. American football and bas

18、eball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United States.A) transfer B) deliveries C) transportation D) transmissions 2.Some diseases are _ by certain water animals. A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D) transmitted 3.Communication is the process of_a mess

19、age from a source to an audience via a channel.  A)transmitting B)submitting C)transforming D)switching 答案：1.D  2.D  3.Arelate 意 义：vi.有关联；适应，和睦相处；vt.使互相关联；讲述，叙述变 形：relative 相关的，有关的；相对的，比较的；亲属all human values are relative, so beauty is relative to the beholder's eyes

20、.relatively 相关地，有关地；相对地，比较地relation 亲属搭 配：relate to/with 有关联relative to 有关，涉及in/with relation to 有关，涉及close/near relation 近亲distant relation 远亲真 题：It is difficult to_cause and effect in this case. A)unite B)think C)relate D)describe 答案：Ctransform意 义：vt.使改观、改革；变换构 词：trans(从.到.)+form(形式)变 形：transforma

21、tion n. 改观、改革；变换transformable a.能改变的，能改造的搭 配：o. 把变成辨 析：transform change 两词有时可互换，但在骤然改变和神秘地改变时，须用transform真 题：1.The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation 2.The coming of rail

22、ways in the 1830s_our society and economic life. A)transformed B)transported C)transferred D)transmitted 答案：1.D  2.Atransfer 意 义：vt.搬、转移；调动、转移；转让、过户 vi.转移；调动、转移；转车、转程n.调动、转移构 词：trans(转移)+fer(运送，传送)变 形：transference n.转移，转让transferable a.可转移的，可转让的transferor n.转让者搭 配：transfer ones affection 变

23、心transfer company 转运公司transfer from a bus to a train 由公共汽车换乘火车transfer title to land 转让土地所有权transfer the property 转让财产辨析：transfer move 在表示“调动”时，transfer含有在一同大集团中工作或任职的变更的意思，不强调升、降职的意味，只是工作性质的变化。Transfer还可表示感情的转移或货物的运输，一般不用move替换。move 表示从静止状态开始移动，可以是短距离、小范围或长距离、大范围的移动，也可指不改变位置的活动。真 题：He hoped the fir

24、m would _ him to the Paris branch. A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove 答案：Cadapt 意 义：vt.使适应，使适合；修改，改编 vi. (to)适应变 形：adaptable a.能适应的，适应性强的 adaptive adj.适应的adaptation n.适应，适合，改编adaptor n.编剧者，改编者搭 配：adapt to 使适合，使适用adapt from 根据改写/改编adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于辨析：adapt 指作出较大的修改或改变以达到目的。如：She h

25、ad to adapt herself to local conditions.她必须使自己适应当地的情况adjust 指作些不重要的轻微调整以便符合要求或适应新情况。如：adjust one's watch/glasses对表/扶眼镜fit 多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”真 题：The newcomers found it impossible to _themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in th

26、e new country. A) suit B) adapt C) regulate D) coordinate I suggested he should_himself to his new conditions. A)adopt B)suit C)regulate D)adapt 答案：1.B   2.Dalter 意 义:v.改变，改动，变更  变 形:alterable adj.可变的，可改的alterant adj.改变的alteration n.变更，改造辨析:alter 部分地改变，不失去本性；change 本质地变化，甚至失去本性，或

27、一种东西退换了另一种东西；vary 由更替、多样化或生长的变化而引起的一个或一连串变化。convert 指从一种状态或情况转变为另一种，尤指用于新的目的或用途。真 题:1. If your new coat is too large, a tailor can _it to fit you. A）alter  B）exchange   C）alternate      D）change 2.She had to _her dress because she had lost weight. A)transform

28、B)shift C)alter D)cut 答案：1.A  2.Carise意 义：vi. (1) 产生，出现，发生；（2）（from）（由）引起，（由.）产生，起源于；（3）起身，起床变形：arose arise的过去式arisen arise的过去分词辨析：arise arise和rise都可用于来表示“起床”和“站起身”的意思。Arise常用于较抽象的主语之后rise 常用于具体的场合raise 是及物动词，意为“举起；使起来；提高；提出”arouse 也是及物动词，意为“唤醒；激起；引起”搭配：arise from/out of 由.引起，起源于真 题：1

29、.Many difficulties have _as a result of the change over to a new 无效 of fuel. A) risen B) arisen C) raised D) arrived 2.A completely new situation will _when the examination system comes into existence. A)rise B)arise C)raise D)arouse 答案：1. B 2.Bassemble意 义:vi.集合，聚集；vt.集合，聚集，召集；装配构 词:as(到)+sembl

30、e(一起)变 形:assembly n.集合，装配，集合，集结，汇编;形似词:resemble 像，类似搭 配:assemble the jury 召集陪审团assemble evidence/material 收集证据/材料assemble the parts of a watch 装配表的零件assembling shop 装配车间assemble a machine 组装一台机器assemble in the school garden 在校内集合辨析:gather (常用词)指“收集”、“聚集”、“集合在一起”collect 指“有计划、有选择地收集”assemble 指“为某一特定目

31、的而收集”muster 特指“召集部队”或“为检阅、检查而召集”真 题:1. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _in the courtyard. A) assemble B) converge C) crowd D) accumulate 2.Everybody _in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary. A)assembled B)accumulated C)piled D)joined 答案：1.A  2.Aad

32、opt 意 义:vt.采纳，采用；采取（态度等；收养 变 形:adoptable a.可采用的adoption n.采用，收养adoptive a.采用的，收养的adoptee n.被收养者adopter n.养父母搭 配:adopt a strong attitude 采取强硬态度adopt an idea 采纳意见adopt measures 采取措施adopt new methods 采用新方法adopt a child 收养孩子adopt the report 正式通过这篇报告adopt a resolution unanimously 一致通过一项决议辨 析:adopt 两词都有“采

33、纳、“采取”的意思。adopt 指采纳别人的意见、技术等。embrace  embrace表示自愿地或急切地采纳或接受。真 题:The old couple decided to _a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own. A）adapt B）bring C）receive D）adopt 答案：Dimpress 意 义:vt.给.深刻的印象；铭记；印，压印构 词:im(里面)+press(压)变 形:impression n.印象，感想；印记，压痕impressive a.给人印象深刻的，感

34、人的搭 配:impression of(about) 对.的印象impression on 给留下的印象；make an impression on 给某人留下印象impress sb. with . 以（因）.给某人留下印象impress.on sth. 给某物盖上.(印)be impressed by(with) 对.留下印象，惊叹真 题:What _me most during my visit in your country was the friendship your people have for our people. A)depressed B)expressed C)opp

35、ressed D)impressed 答案：Dregard意 义:vt.把 看作，对待，认为 （as）；尊重，尊敬n.致意，问候；方面；尊重，尊敬变 形:regardless 无论如何，不计后果的regarding 关于搭 配:without regard to 不考虑regard.as 把.认为regardless of 不惜，不顾in/with regard to 关于，就.而论give ones regards 代某人向.问好in the regard 在这点上，关于此事as regards 关于，至于辨 析:regard 强调从外表形象得到的认识consider 强调经过仔细考虑而认为

36、真 题:1.Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _the color of his skin. A)with the exception of    B)in the light of C)by virtue of     D)regardless of 2.The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable his f

37、inancial situation A)with the respect to    B)in accord with C)regardless of      D)in terms of C3.After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute_. A)being settled     B)to be settled C)had settled       D)

38、as settled D4.In that country, guest tend to feel they are not highly_if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. A）admired B）regarded C）expected D）worshipped 答案:1.D 2.C 3.D 4.Brise 意 义：vi.升起，上升；起立，起床；上涨，增高，增加；反抗，起义n.上涨，增高，增加；兴起，（地位的）升高；岗，坡，高地搭 配：gi

39、ve rise to 引起，导致，为的原因rise above 克服，不受的影响rise to 起而应付，证明能够应付辨 析：arise 没有“上升”之意，多指“产生、发生和出现”，常用于抽象事物rise 使用范围广，既用于具体事物的“上升、增长”，又用于抽象事物的“上涨、发生”raise 与以上两词不同的是，此词是及物动词，表示把某具体事物抬起高处或提高某抽象事物（工资、地位等）真 题:1.Last year the advertising rate_by 20 percent. A)raised B)aroused C)arose D)rose 2.Your improper words

40、will give_to doubts concerning your true intentions. A)rise B)reason C)suspicion D)impulse 3.Our hopes _and fell in same instant. A)arose B) raised C)rose D)aroused 答案：1.D  2.A  3.Cresult 意 义：n.结果，效果vi.导致，结果是（in）；起因于，因 造成（from）搭 配：as a result 因此，结果in the result 作为结果，到后来with the r

41、esult that 结果是，因此without result 毫无结果的as a result of 作为.的结果，由于result in 导致result from 因.而造成辨 析:result result可指一系列effects的最后结果或事故等的后果effect更常用于指某种原因的必然或直接结果真 题:1.A love marriage ,however, does not necessarily much sharing of interests and responsibilities. A)take over B)result in C)hold on D)keep to 2

42、.A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improved standards and should new operating procedures A)result in B)match with C)subject to D)proceed with 答案:1.B  2.Aview 意 义:n.看法，见解，观点 ；观察，视域，眼界；景色，风景 vt.看待，考虑，估量；观察搭 配:in view of 鉴于，由于，考虑到view to 以为目的，着眼于，关于with

43、the view(或a) view of 以为目的view.as. 把.看作on view 展示中，陈列着的with a view to (doing)sth 为了（做）某事in one's view/in the view of sb. 依某人看opposite/different view 相反的不同的看法an view card 风景明信片air one's views 公开发表意见辨 析:view 强调个人分析、处理问题的观点、见解或态度。与opinion相比，view更为全面、系统、坚信不疑。opinion:指或多或少经过考虑得出的看法，但这种看法往往有初步的、不十分

44、肯定的意味。真 题:1.Although I liked the appearance of the house ,what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _through the windows. A)vision B)look C)picture D)view 2.We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came_view. A)from B)in C)before D)into 3.In Britain, and on the Continent too

45、, the Japanese are sometimes viewed_a threat to domestic industries. A)like B)with C)for D)as 答案:1.D 2.D 3.Dtake 搭 配:take after 与相象take apart 拆开(机器等)takeas 把理解为take away 拿走，夺去，使离去；减去take down 取下；记下；拆卸take for 认为，以为；误认为take on 接受；包含；领会；承担，从事；呈现，具有；开始雇佣take into account 把考虑进去take issue with sb. 与某人争论t

46、ake off 拿走；脱下(衣帽等)；起飞take oneself off 走开，离去take up 拿起；着手处理；占去take sb. to task 责备某人，申斥某人take to 开始；对产生好感；形成的习惯take up 占去，占据；开始从事take over 占据；接任(职位)take out 拿出；去掉；扣除；（通过申请等）取得，办理；(on)对.发泄take out loans 借贷take aback 使吃惊，使困惑take back 收回（说错的话）；使回忆起take in 接受，接纳，吸收；包括；领会，理解；欺骗take effect 生效take turns 轮流ta

47、ke up with 与.成为朋友take out on 对.发泄真 题:1.The new appointment of our president _from the very beginning of next semester. A) takes effect B) takes part C) takes place D) takes turns 2.Frequently single-parent children _some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served. A) take

48、off B) take after C) take in D) take on 3.Our son doesnt know what to _at the university; he cant make up his mind about his future. A) take in B)take over C) take up D) take after Id _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or

49、not to approve a loan. A) take into account B) account for C) make up for D) make out 答案:1.A  2.D  3.B  4.Ago搭 配:go back on 违背（诺言等）; 毁(约)go for 竭力想取得，喜爱，适用于go in for 从事，致力，爱好；追求go into 研究，调查，进入go on 继续，发生；接近go through 经历，详细检查；完成go with 伴随，与.协调；与持同一看法go without 没有 也行on t

50、he go 很忙to go 剩下的，未完成的go against 反对；对.不利go after 追求/赶; 设法得到go about 着手做，处理，忙于go up 上升，增加，建起；(物价等)上涨go under 下沉，沉没；失败；破产go round/around 足够分配; (消息)流传go over 检查，审查；复习，重温go out 外出；熄灭；走出(房间等)；罢工;公布，播出go out of one's way 特别费心(做事)go off 爆炸，发射；动身，离开；去世；go off with 拿去；抢走；拐走go down 下降，降低；被载入，传下去; (船等)下沉go

51、 by 过去go ahead 开始，前进；领先; 取得进展go at 攻击；着手/努力做go along 进行，进展；（with）赞同go into action 开始行动go together 相配；恋爱go by 走过，放过；依照go abroad 出国go out of ones mind 变得神志不清真 题:The early pioneers had to _ many hardships to settle on the new land. A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go into 答案：Cturn搭 配:tur

52、n away 走开；把脸转过去turn one's back on 不理睬turn out 生产；驱逐；翻转turn on 开，旋开(电灯等)turn off 关(水源等)；拐弯turn into 进入；使变成，使成为turn in 转身进入；拐入；交出；上床睡觉turn down 关小，调低；拒绝turn sb's blood cold 使毛骨悚然turn against 对采取敌对态度by turns 轮流，交替take turns 依次，轮流on the turn 正在转变中turn back (使)折回；（使）往回走turn around/round 转变，（使）转好i

53、n turn 依次，轮流；转而，反过来turn up 出现；找到；证明是turn to 变成；求助于；着手；查阅turn over (机器等)运转；翻过来；仔细考虑真 题：1.Lets not wait any longer, he might not _at all. A)turn over B)turn up C)turn on D)turn down 2.The French pianist who had been praised very highly _to be a great disappointment . A)turned up B)turned in C)turned o

54、ut D)turned down 3.This popular sports car is now being _at the rate of a thousand a week. A)turned down B)turned out C)turned up D)turned on 4.Faced with all the difficulties, the girl _her mother for comfort. A)turned over B)turned form C)turned to D)turned up 5.Under the present system, state ent

55、erprises must_ all profits to the government A) turn down B)turn up C)turn out D)turn in 6.Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the bodys need for it from natural sources without turning_ the salt bottle. A)to B)over C)on D)up 答案：1.B  2.C  3.B  4.

56、C  5.D  6.A put搭 配:put across/over 解释清楚；做成(交易)put up with 忍受，容忍(讨厌的人)put up 举起；安装；张贴；建造，搭起，支起；为.提供住宿；进行（抵抗）；提高（价格）；提名put to (船只顺避风等而)靠岸put through 使穿过；使从事；接通（电话），为接通电话put out 熄灭；关(灯)；出版；伸出；生产put on 穿上；上演；教唆；增加（体重）put off 推迟，拖延；阻碍put in 花费；正式提出put aside 储存，保留；把放在一边，暂不考虑put forward 提出(要求、事实等)put down 记下；镇压；杀死put away 把收起；储存，积攒put sb. out of job 使某人失业put ones feeling into words 用语言表达感情真 题:1.Disneyland, every year, some 800,000plants are replaced because Disney refused to _ signs asking his “guest” not to step on them. A) put down B) put out C) put up D) put off 答案:C常见动词及动