从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国文学翻译

1、从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国文学翻译从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国文学翻译文学翻译LiteratureLiterature TranslationTranslation aroundaround thetheMayMay 4 4(th)(th) MovementMovement fromfrom thethePerspectivePerspective ofof PolysystemPolysystem TheoryTheory【作者】 郭萍；【导师】 辛凌；【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学， 英语语言文学， 2004， 硕士【摘要】 五四前后的外国文

2、学翻译早就引起了学术界的关注，著书立卷者颇多。尽管其中有不少优异著作，但是目前为止鲜有人从最新的多元系统理论角度来探讨这段特殊历史时期的外国文学翻译。相信本文是首篇以多元系统理论为依据，对五四前后(1898 年1927 年)外国文学翻译系统的意识形态、翻译规范、翻译文学形式库和经典性进行描述性研究的论文。 本论文的基本理论框架是佐哈的多元系统理论，辅之以操纵学派代表勒菲维尔的意识形态观和描写学派代表图里的翻译规范理论。多元系统理论把各种社会符号视为一个开放的、动态的由多个系统组成的大系统。在这一理论框架中，翻译文学系统被视为文化多元系统的一个部分，它的行为模式有时与它在整个文化多元系统中的位置

3、有关；它处于中心时，会参与创造革新的一级模式，而不惜打破本国文化的传统规范；处于边缘时，就套用本国文化保守的二级模式。而翻译文学系统在文化多元系统中的运作方式、地位和作用都是受制于翻译文学的并存系统意识形态和翻译规范的。换句话说，意识形态制约着翻译规范，也操纵着翻译文学的经典性。 五四前后的翻译文学经历了从中国文学系统的边缘走向中心的一个特殊过程。本文概述了当时外国文学翻译的发展及特点：翻译文学体裁日益完善；文学意识逐渐加强；翻译方法由译述、编译发展到全译，并引起了长时间的直译、意译之争；同时，翻译文体对新文学运动产生了巨大影响。另外，作者还介绍了当时外国文学翻译的历史背景，部分具有代表性的翻

4、译文学名家和他们的翻译思想。 本论文的重点在于从多元系统理论角度来描述五四前后两个阶段的外国文学翻译。五四前(18981919)，翻译文学处于中国文学系统的边缘。文学翻译的目的往往是借鉴外国的思想和文明，翻译文学观念淡漠。“思想启蒙”和“消遣娱乐”成为了当时文学翻译的选择规范。译作受目的语规范的制约，但翻译过程中随意操纵的现象严重，从而形成了五四前保守的翻译文学形式库和静态经典性，即某些外国翻译文学作品的文本被奉为经典，但是它们的瞥糕糕文学模式并没有被中国创作文学吸收。五四后(1919-1927)，西方各种思潮涌入中国，“文学改革”和“反映现实”的文学作品成为翻译选择的主流，译作竭力充分表现原

5、文，从而形成了五四后改革的翻译文学形式库和动态经典性，翻译文学走进中国文学系统的中心。 最后，论文也提及了本个案研究所反映出的多元系统理论的一些缺失。比如佐哈的理论似乎有些空泛，显得证据不足;他倡导的方法限制了他自己的研究:他似乎忽视了译者的主观能动性等等。 更多还原【Abstract】 Literature translation around the May 4th Movement haslong attracted the attention of the domestic academia. There are manymonographs and papers on it, inc

6、luding some enlightening works. Butup till now, few people have conducted the researches into theliterature translation during this peculiar period of time from theperspective of the latest polysystem theory. This thesis isbelieved to be among the first investigations devoted to ideology,translation

7、 norms, translated literary repertoire and canonicity ofthe literature translation around the May 4th Movement (1898-1927) inthe light of polysystem theory.Assisted by Lefeveres idea aboutideology and Tourys theory of translation norms, this thesis takesadvantage of polysystem theory as the fundamen

8、tal theory frame.Polysystem theory views a variety of semiotic phenomena as systems.Translated literary system is regarded as an element of culturalpolysystem in this theory. Its behavior modes are sometimes affectedby what position it occupies in cultural polysystem. When it is inthe center, it wil

9、l take part in creating primary type, and breakthe traditional norms in the target-oriented culture. When it is inthe position of periphery, it will be applicable to the conservativesecondary type. This changes of modes, and the positions andfunctions of translated literature are all determined by i

10、deology andtranslation norms, in another word, ideology restricts translationnorms, and in turn, they altogether control canonicity of translatedliterature.Translated literature around the May 4th Movementexperienced a special process in the history of Chinese literature.It moved from the periphery

11、to the center of Chinese literature. Thisthesis describes the development and characteristics of literaturetranslation at that time: the genres of translated literature wereimproved; literary consciousness was developed; translation methodsdeveloped from adapted translation to complete translation,

12、and hencecaused the debate on free translation and literal translation;translated literatureinfluenced Chinese new literature on a largescale. Moreover, the thesis mentions the. historical background ofliterature translation, some representatives of the translators andtheir theories during this peri

13、od.The core of this thesis is thedescription of literature translation around the May 4th Movementfrom the perspective of polysystem theory. During the former periodof time (1898-1919), translated literature was on the periphery ofthe Chinese literary polysystem. The purpose of literaturetranslation

14、 was to draw on the ideas and civilizations from theforeign countries. Enlightening and entertaining became thecriteria for the selection of literary works to be translated. Thetranslations were restricted by the target-oriented norms, and thephenomena of disorder in literature translation were rath

15、er common.So the ideology and translation norms resulted in the conservativeliterary repertoire and the static canonicity before the May 4thMovement. That is, some translated literary works were regarded ascanons at the level of texts, but their models had not been employedby Chinese literary creati

16、on. During the latter period (19191927),with various ideas and thoughts pouring and streaming into China,innovative and realistic literary works turned to be themainstream and became the criteria of selection. Translators managedto pursue the adequacy of the source texts, which led to theinnovative

17、literary repertoire and the dynamic canonicity after theMay 4th Movement. Translated literature eventually moved into thecenter of Chinese literary polysystem.Besides, the author gives someideas about the deficiencies of polysystem theory. First, Even-Zohartends to propose universals based on very l

18、ittle evidence. Then, hismethodology limits the scope of his investigation. Finally, it seemsthat polysystem theory pays little attention to the effects of thetranslators subjectivity. 更多还原【关键词】 多元系统论； 意识形态； 翻译规范； 文学形式库； 经典性；【Key words】 polysystem theory； ideology； translation norms；literary reperto

19、ire； canonicity；参考文献：“张谷若诞辰百年纪念暨外国文学翻译研讨会”在烟台举行格式：pdf | 发布者：花儿我最红花儿我最红 | 发布时间：2010-09-12一幅中国外国文学翻译史的全景图评查明建、谢天振合著的中国 20 世纪外国文学翻译史格式：pdf | 发布者：太阳下的黑夜 | 发布时间：2010-10-14今年 2 月份，湖北教育出版社隆重推出了由查明建、谢天振合著的中国 20 世纪外国文学翻译史（上、下卷）。作为“中华翻译研究丛书”国家“十五”重点图书之一，此书“内容丰.文革期间的外国文学翻译格式：pdf | 发布者：花儿我最红花儿我最红 | 发布时间：2010-09

20、-12人们习惯用“一片空白”来描述文革期间的外国文学翻译状况。实际上，在此期间文学翻译仍然以一种畸形的状态存在着。按当时主流意识形态的接受程度，这期间外国文学译作的存在.从目的论看中国近代外国文学翻译中的民族文化心理格式：pdf | 发布者：喜欢自助餐的人 | 发布时间：2010-11-08特殊的历史环境决定了近代文学翻译在整个中国翻译史中重要而特殊的地位和作用。德国功能翻译理论中的目的论为我们研究近代中国文学翻译中的民族文化心理提供了有力的理论参照.从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国文学翻译文学翻译LiteratureLiterature Translati

21、onTranslation aroundaround thetheMayMay 4 4(th)(th) MovementMovement fromfrom thethePerspectivePerspective ofof PolysystemPolysystem TheoryTheory【作者】 郭萍；【导师】 辛凌；【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学， 英语语言文学， 2004， 硕士【摘要】 五四前后的外国文学翻译早就引起了学术界的关注，著书立卷者颇多。尽管其中有不少优异著作，但是目前为止鲜有人从最新的多元系统理论角度来探讨这段特殊历史时期的外国文学翻译。相信本文是首篇以多元系统理论为依据，

22、对五四前后(1898 年1927 年)外国文学翻译系统的意识形态、翻译规范、翻译文学形式库和经典性进行描述性研究的论文。 本论文的基本理论框架是佐哈的多元系统理论，辅之以操纵学派代表勒菲维尔的意识形态观和描写学派代表图里的翻译规范理论。多元系统理论把各种社会符号视为一个开放的、动态的由多个系统组成的大系统。在这一理论框架中，翻译文学系统被视为文化多元系统的一个部分，它的行为模式有时与它在整个文化多元系统中的位置有关；它处于中心时，会参与创造革新的一级模式，而不惜打破本国文化的传统规范；处于边缘时，就套用本国文化保守的二级模式。而翻译文学系统在文化多元系统中的运作方式、地位和作用都是受制于翻译文

23、学的并存系统意识形态和翻译规范的。换句话说，意识形态制约着翻译规范，也操纵着翻译文学的经典性。 五四前后的翻译文学经历了从中国文学系统的边缘走向中心的一个特殊过程。本文概述了当时外国文学翻译的发展及特点：翻译文学体裁日益完善；文学意识逐渐加强；翻译方法由译述、编译发展到全译，并引起了长时间的直译、意译之争；同时，翻译文体对新文学运动产生了巨大影响。另外，作者还介绍了当时外国文学翻译的历史背景，部分具有代表性的翻译文学名家和他们的翻译思想。 本论文的重点在于从多元系统理论角度来描述五四前后两个阶段的外国文学翻译。五四前(18981919)，翻译文学处于中国文学系统的边缘。文学翻译的目的往往是借鉴

24、外国的思想和文明，翻译文学观念淡漠。“思想启蒙”和“消遣娱乐”成为了当时文学翻译的选择规范。译作受目的语规范的制约，但翻译过程中随意操纵的现象严重，从而形成了五四前保守的翻译文学形式库和静态经典性，即某些外国翻译文学作品的文本被奉为经典，但是它们的瞥糕糕文学模式并没有被中国创作文学吸收。五四后(1919-1927)，西方各种思潮涌入中国，“文学改革”和“反映现实”的文学作品成为翻译选择的主流，译作竭力充分表现原文，从而形成了五四后改革的翻译文学形式库和动态经典性，翻译文学走进中国文学系统的中心。 最后，论文也提及了本个案研究所反映出的多元系统理论的一些缺失。比如佐哈的理论似乎有些空泛，显得证据

25、不足;他倡导的方法限制了他自己的研究:他似乎忽视了译者的主观能动性等等。 更多还原【Abstract】 Literature translation around the May 4th Movement haslong attracted the attention of the domestic academia. There are manymonographs and papers on it, including some enlightening works. Butup till now, few people have conducted the researches into

26、 theliterature translation during this peculiar period of time from theperspective of the latest polysystem theory. This thesis isbelieved to be among the first investigations devoted to ideology,translation norms, translated literary repertoire and canonicity ofthe literature translation around the

27、 May 4th Movement (1898-1927) inthe light of polysystem theory.Assisted by Lefeveres idea aboutideology and Tourys theory of translation norms, this thesis takesadvantage of polysystem theory as the fundamental theory frame.Polysystem theory views a variety of semiotic phenomena as systems.Translate

28、d literary system is regarded as an element of culturalpolysystem in this theory. Its behavior modes are sometimes affectedby what position it occupies in cultural polysystem. When it is inthe center, it will take part in creating primary type, and breakthe traditional norms in the target-oriented c

29、ulture. When it is inthe position of periphery, it will be applicable to the conservativesecondary type. This changes of modes, and the positions andfunctions of translated literature are all determined by ideology andtranslation norms, in another word, ideology restricts translationnorms, and in tu

30、rn, they altogether control canonicity of translatedliterature.Translated literature around the May 4th Movementexperienced a special process in the history of Chinese literature.It moved from the periphery to the center of Chinese literature. Thisthesis describes the development and characteristics

31、 of literaturetranslation at that time: the genres of translated literature wereimproved; literary consciousness was developed; translation methodsdeveloped from adapted translation to complete translation, and hencecaused the debate on free translation and literal translation;translated literaturei

32、nfluenced Chinese new literature on a largescale. Moreover, the thesis mentions the. historical background ofliterature translation, some representatives of the translators andtheir theories during this period.The core of this thesis is thedescription of literature translation around the May 4th Mov

33、ementfrom the perspective of polysystem theory. During the former periodof time (1898-1919), translated literature was on the periphery ofthe Chinese literary polysystem. The purpose of literaturetranslation was to draw on the ideas and civilizations from theforeign countries. Enlightening and enter

34、taining became thecriteria for the selection of literary works to be translated. Thetranslations were restricted by the target-oriented norms, and thephenomena of disorder in literature translation were rather common.So the ideology and translation norms resulted in the conservativeliterary repertoi

35、re and the static canonicity before the May 4thMovement. That is, some translated literary works were regarded ascanons at the level of texts, but their models had not been employedby Chinese literary creation. During the latter period (19191927),with various ideas and thoughts pouring and streaming into China,innovative and realistic literary works turned to be themainstream and became the criteria of selection. Translators managedto pursue the ad