文学方向范文

1、山 东 经 济 学 院本科毕业设计(论文)走向真和美的朝圣之旅浅析马丁·伊登的主人公设计(论文)题目: 文学方向范文 指导教师： 指导教师姓名 学 号： 姓 名： 外国语学院（部）英语 专业 2011 届（注：如果是辅修英语的，填写辅修英语专业）山东经济学院教务处制2010年4月25日填写定稿时间A Pilgrimage to Truth and Beauty:On the Title Hero of Martin Eden byLiu XinUnder the Supervision ofDing ZhaoguoSubmitted in Partial Fulfillment of

2、 the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of ArtsSchool of Foreign LanguagesShandong Economic UniversityApril 25, 2010山东经济学院学士学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师的指导下进行研究工作所取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。本声明的法律结果由本人承担。学位论文作者签名： 手写 年 月 日时间与封面一致山东经

3、济学院关于论文使用授权的说明本人完全了解山东经济学院有关保留、使用学士学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留、送交论文的复印件，允许论文被查阅，学校可以公布论文的全部或部分内容，可以采用影印或其他复制手段保存论文。指导教师签名： 手写 论文作者签名： 手写 年 月 日 年 月 日时间与封面一致A Pilgrimage to Truth and Beauty:On the Title Hero of Martin EdenABSTRACTMartin Eden is one of the representative works of the American Naturalist writer Ja

4、ck London. It mainly tells a story of how the title hero Martin Eden becomes a successful writer from a poor seaman through his hard struggle, and finally chooses to commit suicide. It criticizes and exposes the utilitarian values of the American society in the 19th century, and reveals the universa

5、l essence of human life. The thesis analyzes the protagonists history of life struggles, comprehension of true love, and his conflicting psychology facing the reality after success, and argues that Martins life is a pilgrimage to truth and beauty.Keywords: Martin Eden; pilgrimage; struggle history;

6、truth and beauty 注意字体、字号、行间距必须按照范文做走向真和美的朝圣之旅浅析马丁·伊登的主人公摘要马丁·伊登是美国自然主义小说家杰克·伦敦的代表作之一，主要讲述了主人公马丁·伊登从一文不名的水手成为成功作家的奋斗历程，但最终却选择自杀的悲剧。小说不仅抨击和揭露了19世纪美国功利社会的价值观念，而且深刻揭示了人性的普遍本质。本文通过分析主人公的奋斗史、他对爱的理解和成功后面对现实的矛盾心理，认为马丁的生命历程是一次走向真和美的朝圣之旅。关键词：马丁·伊登；朝圣之旅；奋斗史；真和美 CONTENTSIntroduction1Cha

7、pter One Martin Eden's Struggle History3I. Struggle Motivation to Win Love and Status3II. Struggle Course to Praise Truth and Beauty4Chapter Two Martin Eden's Comprehension of Love6I. In the Process of Struggle Worship of Love6II. After Ruth's Leave Love Defeated by Money7Chapter Three M

8、artin Eden's Conflicting Psychology after Success8I. Puzzlement of Writing8II. Difficult Positioning of Social Class9Conclusion10Works Cited11Acknowledgements12（目录超过一页须加页码、注意各级标题字体字号）IntroductionJack London (18761916), a famous novelist of American Naturalism, was born in a poor family in San Fr

9、ancisco. The impoverished family forced the young Jack into various jobs so as to raise himself, such as laborer, factory worker, oyster pirate in the San Francisco bay, member of the California fish patrol, sailor, gold prospector and so on; however, he was not defeated by the hard life, which fost

10、ered him to become a superman. He was always energetic with strong will and never yielded to difficulties. London had little formal schooling, but he spent lots of time on self-education in public libraries. He read a large number of books and consciously chose to become a writer to escape his forme

11、r terrible life. His life experiences provided lots of materials for his writings.In his short writing life, London had left us nearly 50 works, with 19 novels among them. His diligence and genius had pushed him far beyond most of his literary peers in both perspective and contents. Among his famous

12、 works are Martin Eden (1909), The Call of the Wild (1903), The Sea Wolf (1904), The Game (1905), White Fang (1906), The Road (1907), and so on. London had become the best-selling, highest-paid and most popular American author of his time. He once encouraged other aspiring writers to “develop a phil

13、osophy life, put a stamp of self on your work, have something to say, use your time wisely, learn how to read, how to absorb and discard” (Walker 11). In 1916, London was so spiritually barren that he committed suicide with morphine. His tragic death can be helpful for readers to understand his work

14、s because “study of his life and writings provides a case through which to examine the contradictions in the American character, along with key movements and ideas during the Progressive era” (Tian 4). Martin Eden is a semi-autobiographical novel because “the struggle process of the protagonist Mart

15、in Eden is the true portrayal of Jack Londons early life” (Si 415). Martin was born in a poor family, living a very hard life. By chance, he was invited to a rich family and fell in love with the beautiful ladyRuth Morse, so he longed for the life of the upper class which he thought was noble and el

16、egant. He was ambitious, persistent and passionate. London once used this poem to show Martin Edens life:Let me live out my years in heat of blood! Let me die drunken with the dreamers wine! Let me not see this soul-house built of mud Go toppling to the dusta vacant shrine! (Neihardt 41)Martin Eden

17、made great efforts to change his state of living. Through self-education and self-determination, he succeeded. Then fame and money overwhelmed him, the bourgeoisie opened the door for him and the wealthy lady threw herself into his arms as well. At this time, Martin should have been glad; however, h

18、e woefully found that the upper class was so hypocritical, and that the love was not what he had originally sought. Besides, “he also suffered from class alienation, for he no longer belonged to the working class, while he rejected the materialistic values of the wealthy which he worked so hard to j

19、oin” (VanSpanckeren 150). What he had got didnt lead to happiness, but tragedy. Due to his disappointment to society and love, Martin felt very lonely and at last he chose suicide, which had different meanings for this novel. For many readers the protagonists death was so unexpected that they “have

20、felt that suicide was not by any means the logical conclusion of a story dealing with the heros success against odds” (Watson 45). 注意文内引文规范，每部都须在文末参考书目中找到Earle Labor quoted a readers impression on Martin Eden: “during last two nights, I was totally engrossed in Martin Eden, and it deeply touched me.

21、 No other books have ever exerted such an influence on me. Up to now I still cannot understand why I was so attracted by it” (357). We can also see the answer in the following sentence:Ignoring its tragic ending, the book is often regarded as a success story, which inspired not only a whole generati

22、on of young writers but other different fields who, without aid or encouragement, attained their objectives through great struggle. (John London 23) By describing Martin Edens love, struggle and death, the novel deeply exposed the money worship, vulgar hypocrisy of the American society at the turn o

23、f the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It also revealed the destruction of the culture and the talents by the bourgeoisie and the corrupt practice of the American publishing industry.This thesis argues that Martin Edens life is a pilgrimage to truth and beauty through analyzing his struggle histo

24、ry, his comprehension of true love and his conflicting psychology after success. In addition to Introduction and Conclusion, this thesis consists of three parts. The first chapter discusses Martins pursuit of truth and beauty from his struggle motivation and struggle course. The second chapter focus

25、es on Martins comprehension of true love in two different periods of his life. The third chapter analyzes his puzzlement of writing and difficult positioning of social class after success.Chapter OneMartin Edens Struggle HistoryThere is no doubt that Martin Eden records a personal struggle history.

26、Martin Eden works very hard from rags to riches, from an unknown sailor to a celebrated writer. How can he make this? This chapter mainly analyzes why he wants to succeed and how he strives to make his dream come true.I. Struggle Motivation to Win Love and StatusGenerally speaking, it is to win Ruth

27、 Morses love and to become a member of the upper-class society that makes Martin Eden strive for success.When he was a poor sailor, he had the chance to visit a typical bourgeoisie family because he gave a hand to Arthur Morse, a son of a very wealthy upper class. While visiting he was shocked by th

28、e splendid and grand decorations of the Morses, and he was at a loss what to do. When Arthur called him “Mr. Martin,” he was thrilling just like he had heard the most beautiful melody in the world. In his memory, nobody called him “Mr. Martin”; therefore, he thought the bourgeoisie stands for civili

29、zation and elegance, with which his seaman life couldnt compare. The great decorations and paintings aroused Martins pursuit of beauty. He admired this kind of life very much and wanted to enter into their society.The other purpose of his struggle is to pursue true love, which is the more important

30、reason for Martins struggle. Martin loved Ruth at first sight. “She was a pale, ethereal creature, with wide, spiritual blue eyes and a wealth of golden hair” (4; ch.1). He considered her to be a spirit, a divinity, and a goddess. In Martins eyes, she was the best women he had ever seen before. “He

31、likened her to a pale gold flower upon a slender stem” (4; ch.1). Not only her beautiful look but also her decent manner and erudite talking profoundly attracted Martin. In his view, she knew so much that he couldnt match her, even some knowledge he knew nothing at all. In his inner heart, he wanted

32、 to know what she had known, and expected to attract her attention. He fell in love with her, so he decided to fight for pursuing the true and pure love. He forgot himself and stared at her with hungry eyes. Here was something to live for, to win to, to fight for and die for. On his way home, “her f

33、ace shimmered before his eyes as he walked along pale and serious, sweet and sensitive, smiling with pity and tenderness as only a spirit could smile, and pure as he had never dreamed purity could be” (22; ch.3). Martin eagerly wanted to grasp her; however, he knew that the gap between them was real

34、ly large. He was ever not fit to carry water for her. He realized that only he changed his status, could he match her. Therefore, he must do something, which made him determined to strive for success.At the table in Morses family, Martin discovered another kind of life, full of love between brothers

35、 and sisters, between parents and children. “How they loved each other, the members of this family! There flashed into his mind the picture of her mother, of the kiss of greeting, and of the pair of them walking toward him with arms entwined” (12; ch.2). In Martins world, this kind of affection betw

36、een parents and children didnt exist. He deeply appreciated it and it reminded him that he also needed it. Only he went into the upper-class society, was he able to enjoy the love.Originally, in his inner heart, Martin Eden longed for truth and beauty. And, everything Martin had seen in the house of

37、 Morse woke him up. On the one hand, he wanted to win Ruths love. On the other hand, he desired eagerly to the fresh and elegant life style. These were the reasons for Martin Eden making his decision to strive for success and enter into the world of the upper class. Then the pilgrimage of true love

38、and beauty began.II. Struggle Course to Praise Truth and BeautyThe experience in Morses family stimulated Martins pursuit for love and life of the bourgeoisie. He knew that he was nothing but a poor seaman and that only through hard work could he make his dream come true. Then Martin Eden made great

39、 efforts that nobody could imagine. With the love in mind, he just became so strong that nothing could defeat him. In the process of struggle, Martin suffered a lot and at last, he succeeded to become a very popular writer.In order to live like the upper-class people, Martin made a plan to reform hi

40、mself in all aspects, such as the way of dressing, speaking, eating and some other daily habits. He gave up the habit of not brushing teeth, and wore clothes with stiff collars, although at the beginning he felt uncomfortable. Besides he developed a good habit of having a cold bath everyday. In the

41、way of speaking, the first thing Martin Eden did was to go to the free library and read the books on etiquettes. And he warned himself to quit cursing. At the beginning, he read a few books but he felt difficult to understand because he had extremely little education. But his desire to books didnt d

42、ecrease. And then Martin had no choice but to learn from the basic knowledge. With the help of Ruth, he began to study the grammar and made great progress. In the next few weeks, he read a large number of books ranging from poetry to philosophy. He was ennobled by the loftiness of thought and beauty

43、 he found in the books. This led him to believe more firmly than ever that up above him, in society like Ruth and her family, all men and women thought these thoughts and lived them.(54; ch.8) Compared with the painful and dirty life he lived, Martin realized at last that beauty, intelligence and lo

44、ve were what he really needed. The books Martin had read changed him into another person. Because of his own experience, he could understand some books more easily and in some ways, he had his own exclusive opinions. The changes caught Ruths attention and shocked her. She found many merits from him

45、and had some different feelings towards him. In order to tell Ruth his life of adventure, make a living easily, and share the beauty with more readers, Martin had a sudden impulse to write, and then his hard writing career started. Everyday he went to the library and risked his life to read and writ

46、e. He spent most of his time in reading and writing, sleeping only five hours or less everyday. He loved truth and beauty and wanted to share them with others, so he wrote them in his manuscripts, such as Adventure, The Pot, The Wine of Life, and the Sea Lyrics, and mailed them to the publishing com

47、panies, with the hope that what he wrote would be published in the tomorrows magazines and that he would earn more money than as a seaman and would be rich. But what he received was not the contribution fee but the articles he had written without any change. At the beginning, he didnt lose heart and

48、 persisted in writing with strong will. He believed that his writing was better than the articles published in the magazines and that he would succeed sooner or later. Unfortunately things didnt happen as he had imagined. As days went by, he had no more money to buy stamps with which to continue his

49、 returned manuscripts on their travels. Looking at them, he felt disappointed and had to meet the reality to do some physical work. Then he went to Joes washing shop to wash clothes where Martin lived a hell-like life. It was such a tiring job that he could hardly have time to rest, let alone readin

50、g and writing. Martin loathed himself, and loathed life.The spur of ambition was blunted; he had no vitality with which to feel the prod of it. He was dead. His soul seemed dead. He was a beast, a working beast.He was oppressed by a sense of failure. (121; ch.17) Eight weeks later, he earned some mo

51、ney and left the washing house.Martin spent a pleasant holiday with Ruth, and their love rose to a higher state. He determined to write again.He discovered that he loved beauty more than fame, and that what desire he had for fame was largely for Ruths sake. It was for this reason that his desire for

52、 fame was strong. He wanted to become great in the worlds eyes; to make good, as he expressed it, in order that the women he loved should be proud of him and deem him worthy. (150; ch.23) To win the true love and beauty, Martin regained faith and lived a comparatively happy spiritual life. In the co

53、ndition of eating nothing for 40 hours, suffering the pain of hunger, Martin went on reading and writing, because his love for Ruth encouraged him a lot. However, none of his manuscripts except The Ring of Bells for 5 dollars was accepted by the editor, and he was in debt. The publication of this bo

54、ok gave a serious blow to Martin. “Five dollars for five thousand words, ten words for a cent, the market price for art. The disappointment of it, the lie of it, the infamy of it, were uppermost in his thoughts” (168; ch.25). He felt the efforts he had made were all in vain. And he determined to giv

55、e up writing and to find a job just as Ruth had suggested him. Due to Martins failure to make some achievements, the Morses objected that Ruth should marry him. Under the persuasion of her parents, Ruth didnt persist in their love and left Martin. Martins struggle motivation disappeared. Everyday hi

56、s life remained down, empty and idle. However the miracle happened to him. One of his books was accepted by a magazine, and he succeeded over one night. He became well-known, and then the rest of his manuscripts were published day by day. He earned a large amount of money and successfully entered in

57、to the upper-class society. The struggle course of Martin Eden is beyond description, from which we can see his strong will of bearing physical and mental pain, and his persistence to seek knowledge and love. “Martin Eden was a superman, who always had high moral before pain and difficulties, reflec

58、ting the unyielding spirit” (Xiao 60). In order to pursue true love and beauty, he is brave enough to overcome all the difficulties to realize his dream. In the following chapter, the thesis will deal with Martins comprehension of true love.Chapter TwoMartin Edens Comprehension of Love Love plays the most important role in Martin Edens life. It is love that has changed him from a poor seam