超详细人教高中英语选修八PPT课件

1、 心理学家莫顿（Robert Merton）将此现象名之为“自我实现的预言”。这也就是在萧伯纳名剧窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)中为人所熟知的“皮格马利翁效应”（Pygmalion effect）。Have you ever heard of the “Pygmalion Effect ”?第1页/共74页 The Pygmalion Effect is that people tend to behave as you expect they will. If you expect a person to take responsibility, they probably will.

2、 If you expect them not to even try, they probably wont.第2页/共74页 “皮格玛利翁效应皮格玛利翁效应”留给我们这样一个启示：赞美、信任和期待具有一种能量，它留给我们这样一个启示：赞美、信任和期待具有一种能量，它能改变人的行为，当一个人获得另一个人的信任、赞美时，他便感觉获得了社会支能改变人的行为，当一个人获得另一个人的信任、赞美时，他便感觉获得了社会支持，从而增强了自我价值，变得自信、自尊，获得一种积极向上的动力，并尽力达持，从而增强了自我价值，变得自信、自尊，获得一种积极向上的动力，并尽力达到对方的期待，以避免对方失望，从而维持这种

3、社会支持的连续性。到对方的期待，以避免对方失望，从而维持这种社会支持的连续性。 第3页/共74页 This play by George Bernard Shaw (萧伯纳) is an adaptation of a Greek story. Do you know this story? Pygmalion, a gifted artist, makes a stone statue of a beautiful woman. He asks the Greek Goddess to bring her to life. His wish is granted同意,准予 . 第4页/共74

4、页1. adaptation: 改编本；适应性这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。常用结构：adaptation to 对的适应 The adaptation of animals to the environment is rather slow.The play is an adaptation of a short novel.第5页/共74页联想拓展adapt vt.使适应(合)；修改,改编 vi. (to)适应adapt oneself to 使适应；使适合He tried hard to himself (使自己适应) the new conditions.

5、He made a quick (适应) the new environment.When they moved to Canada, the children (适应) the change very well. adaptadapted adaptation toto第6页/共74页My Fair Lady Have you seen the film?If you have, did you like it? Have a discussion and give reasons.Pre-reading第7页/共74页Eliza Doolittle(E): a poor flower gi

6、rl who is ambitious to improve herself.Professor Higgins(H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society.Colonel Pickering(P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task.Main characters第8页/共74页CharacterPosi

7、tion in societyEvidence in the playElizaLower classLanguage: calls gentleman “sir” and “capin” (or captain) which is a complimentBehaviour: respectful to people of higher classComprehending 第9页/共74页CharacterPosition in societyEvidence in the playHenry HigginsLanguage: calls Eliza “you silly girl” an

8、d Pickering “my dear man” (an equal and friend)Behaviour: rude (and patronizing) to lower class; polite to same or upper classMiddle class第10页/共74页kind, polite, generous, enthusiastic, eager, confident impatient, rude, confident, superior, self-importantanxious, eager, emotional, ambitious, unsure第1

9、1页/共74页1. Professor Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society. 希金斯教授是一位语音学专家, 他认为一个人的英语水平决定了他(她)的社会地位。Language points第12页/共74页 convince vt. 说服; 使相信; We convinced him to go by train rather than plane. 我们说服了他坐火车去,不要搭飞机。第13页

10、/共74页 I tried to convince my wife that we cant afford a new car. 我试图说服我妻子我们买不起新车。 convinced adj. convincing adj. 坚信的;意志坚定的令人心服的第14页/共74页Convince sb.Convince sb. that-clauseConvince sb. to do sthConvince sb. of sthBe convinced of sth./that-clause使某人相信.说服某人说服某人做某事某人确信使某人相信某事 他使我相信他是无辜的 He convinced me

11、 of his innocence.第15页/共74页2. Colonel Pickering (P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task. 皮克林上校(简称P):陆军军官, 后来成为希金斯的朋友。希金斯给他安排了一项任务。第16页/共74页 officer与official officer 主要用于指军官,也可指公司或政府机构中的高级职员; official 指政府内的文职官员,用作形容词时指“ 官方的,正式的”。第17页/共74页 The live at headquarters

12、 and the soldiers live in the camps. 军官住在总部,士兵住在军营。 The president and his ministers are government . 总统和部长为政府高级官员。officersofficials第18页/共74页 set (1) vt.安排;布置(岗哨); 定(时间、标准)；创造(记录);专心于 Set guards around the gate. 在大门四周布下卫兵。 The time and date of the meeting have not yet been set. 开会时间与日期尚未确定。第19页/共74页

13、He set a new record. 他创下了一项新记录。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事, 只怕有心人。第20页/共74页(2) vt. 使做某事;使处于某种状态 I opened the cage and set the bird free. 我把鸟笼打开,让鸟自由飞翔。 A spark set the woods on fine. 星星之火使整个森林燃烧起来。第21页/共74页(3) vi. (日、月等) 下落；下沉 It will be cooler when the

14、sun has set. 日落后天就会凉爽起来。(4) n.一套，一组；电器设备 I bought a set of Lu Xuns short stories. 我买了一套鲁迅短篇小说集。 I need a radio set. 我需要一台收音机。第22页/共74页set offset outset aboutset upset sb. good example出发, 动身出发, 着手开始,着手建立, 成立为某人树立好榜样第23页/共74页Its ten years since the scientist _ on his life work of discovering the valua

15、ble chemical. (2004 江苏) A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up第24页/共74页3. While watching, he makes notes. 他一边观察, 一边做笔记。 while watching 为while he was watching 省略句。在以when, while, if, unless等引导的状语从句中,如果从句中的主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语动词含有be动词的形式,往往将从句中的主语及be动词省略,而以动词的-ing形式或过去分词形式来代替。第25页/共74页After being di

16、scussed, the plan should be carried out at once. 计划讨论后, 应立即实施。While crossing the street, look out for cars passing by. 过马路时, 小心过路车辆。第26页/共74页1) When_ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered80 D. offered第27页/共74页2) While_ the river, he saw a bi

17、g crocodile. to cross B. crossing C. cross D. crossed第28页/共74页3) -Whats the matter with you? -_ the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly. A. Cleaning B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning第29页/共74页4.hesitate:犹豫，迟疑，踌躇；常做不及物动词，可与介词about/over/at连用；也可接动词不定式。表示对做某事有顾虑。Hesitation: n.She h

18、esitated before replying.她犹豫了一下才作答。对于送儿子上大学这件事，他仍然犹豫。He is still hesitating about/over/at sending his son to college.如果你想要更多资料，尽管和我联系。Please do not hesitate to contact me if you need more information. 第30页/共74页5. I aint done nothing wrong by speaking to that gentleman. 我跟那位先生说话,又没做什么坏事呀。 aint 是不规范的语

19、言,相当于am not, is not, has not, have not. We aint coming. 我们不来了。 They aint got it. 他们没有那玩意儿。第31页/共74页6. Here you are (hands over the paper covered with writing). 给你(他把写满字的纸递过来) hand over 移交; 让与；交给某人照料 The captain was unwilling to hand over the command of his ship. 船长不愿移交军舰的指挥权。第32页/共74页 The thief was

20、handed over to the policeman. 小偷被交给警察处理。 hand down 传给 hand on 传递 hands up 举手 hand out 分给,分发第33页/共74页It is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over第34页/共74页 covered with writing 为过去分词短语作后置定语, 相当于定语从句which/that is covered with

21、writing. The concert given by him was a great success. 由他举行的音乐会很成功。第35页/共74页 The first textbooks teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. 最早为外语教师而写的英语课本出现在18世纪。written for第36页/共74页 Some of them, in villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中的一些人生长在农村, 从未 见过火车。 The meeting yest

22、erday proved to be a success. 昨天开的那次会议证明很成功。born and brought upheld第37页/共74页1)Some of the suspects_ refused to answer and kept their mouths shut. questioning B. being questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned第38页/共74页2)You will find the word “psychology”_ under “P” in any dictionary. have listed

23、B. to be listedA.C. listing itself D. listed第39页/共74页3)The amount of money_ for the seriously sick child was soon collected. to need B. neededA.C. needing D. which needed第40页/共74页7.mistaken adj, 在句中作表语或前置定语。作表语 be mistaken about 对某事持错误的见解。 You are mistaken about what he said.人们对这个孩子有不对的看法。 The peopl

24、e has a mistaken opinion of this child. Mistake for把误认为(take for)He mistook my politeness for friendliness.第41页/共74页8. What if I was? 如果我是又怎样呢？ 此句为省略句。原句为: What if I was born in? What if意思为“要是又会怎样？”。第42页/共74页9.Classify vt. 为分类The books in the library are classified by subjects.图书馆的书按学科分类。classify st

25、h. by/according to 根据分类classify sb./sth. as 把某人/物归入类；分等级classify sb./sth. in/into. 把某人/某物归为类第43页/共74页(1)Zoologists _ them _ _ the structure of their bodies.动物学家按它们的身体结构进行分类动物学家按它们的身体结构进行分类。(2)Eggs can _ their size.鸡蛋可按大小分类。classifyaccordingbe classified byto第44页/共74页 (3)Would you _ her novels _ seri

26、ous literature or other？你认为她的小说属于文学类，还是其他类？classifyas第45页/共74页10.You can place a man by just a few remarks.你可以根据几句谈话来确定一个人是哪个地方的。Remark： v. & n评论，谈话我不想让别人对我的私事说三道四。I wouldnt like others to make a remark on my private affairs.remark on/upon.对发表看法；评论remark that.说；评论说；注意到make (some) remarks on/upon

27、.对评论；评论 第46页/共74页1)Its rude to _ others appearance.议论别人的相貌是不礼貌的议论别人的相貌是不礼貌的。(2)He _ it was getting dark.他说天色已晚。(3)The speaker restricted his _ to the proposal.主讲者将他的评论限制在计划的范围内。remark on remarked thatremarks第47页/共74页11. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. 但是他们一张嘴就露了馅。 Dont

28、stop every time you come to a word or phrase you dont know. 你遇到一个你不会的单词或词组不要每次都停下来。第48页/共74页betray vt.显露出(本来面目), 背叛，泄露, 辜负betray oneself/ betray that无意中露出本性；暴露betray + n. + to 出卖，背叛 他背叛了祖国, 向敌人投降。He his country enemy. 他的脸显露出他很生气。His face betrayed that he was angry. I wont betray his trust. 我不会辜负他对我的

29、信任。第49页/共74页Youre welcome to come back any time you want to.你想什么时候来我们都欢迎。He called to see me the first time hecame to Nanjing.第一次他来南京就打电话来看我。第50页/共74页 Next time you come, youll see him. 下次你来的时候就看见他了。 有些表示时间的短语可引导时间状语从句，如：the instant, the moment, the day , the year, each (every) time, next time, the

30、first (second) time等。第51页/共74页1)The minute _ he saw her, he fell in love. A. when B. / C. that D. which2)_ I come he is reading. While B. Every timeA.C. The last D. After第52页/共74页3) The moment I _ her, I knew something _ wrong. A. have seen; gone B. had seen; had C. saw; was D. see; had gone第53页/共74

31、页12. The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. 那一口英语那一口英语使她注定要使她注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子在贫民窟里待一辈子.condemn vt.判刑，判刑，谴责，使谴责，使注定注定condemn sb./sth for sth. 指责指责.为为condemn sb to sth.判某人某种刑罚判某人某种刑罚,使使注定注定法官判处罪犯死刑。法官判处罪犯死刑。The judge the criminal . condemnedto death第54页/共74页condemnation n.

32、 责难；判罪 She knew that society would （ ）(指责) her for leaving her children.There was widespread international（ ）of the bombing. He was found guilty and condemned（ ）death. condemnation condemn to第55页/共74页13.Now once taught by me 一旦由我来教, When finished, the homework was handed in. 作业一完成就交上了去。第56页/共74页 以on

33、ce, if, as, unless, when, though, although引导的状语从句, 若从句主语与主句主语一致, 且从句中谓语动词为 be+v.-ed 形式, 或从句中主谓结构为 it is (was)+ adj.时, 则从句结构可以直接由以上连词加v-ed或adj.代替。第57页/共74页 Although tired, he continued climbing. 尽管很累, 但他仍继续爬着。 比较：While being operated, the machine sent off a lot of smoke. 机器被操作时, 冒出许多烟。第58页/共74页1)When

34、 first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introducedC. introduce D. being introduced 第59页/共74页2)_, the vitamin C in them will be destroyed. If vegetables are cooked too long If cooked too long If cooking too longA. If being cooked too long第60页/共74页14. But, sir, (p

35、roudly) once educated to speak properly, the girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 可是,先生(自豪地), 一旦那个女孩被教会说正确的英语, 她就能够在三个月后由一位大使举办的舞会上冒充一位女公爵。第61页/共74页 这是一个复合句,从句为once she is educated to speak properly 的省略形式。 pass off as 冒充 She passed herself off as a

36、n American. 她冒充是美国人。第62页/共74页 He passed his secretary off as wife. 他把秘书冒充他的妻子。 pass off 停止;顺利地举行;躲开 pass by 走过;不理会 pass on 传递 pass through 通过,穿过第63页/共74页15. I came to England to make your acquaintance. (与人)相识make sbs acquaintance/ make the acquaintance of sb结识某人运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。 认识你我很高兴。Its a pleasur

37、e to_ 了解(U) (+with) I have some acquaintance with Spanish.相识的人,熟人She has many acquaintances in the business community. make your acquaintance 第64页/共74页 我是在西班牙度假时结识汤姆的。I _ Tom when on holiday in Spain. 旅行时我认识很多有趣的人。While _ (travel) I _ _many interesting people. travellingmade the acquaintance of made the acquaintance of第65页/共74页 16 .fortune：运气,好运,幸运 一笔财富, 财产、钱财（当大笔的钱。巨款讲时，常用作单数）父亲死时, 他继承了一笔财富。 He received a large fortune wh