学位英语语法小结

1、主从，同位语从句，定从，倒装，强调（复合句）从句 主语从句主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句主语从主语从句 that （连接作用，无意义）其后句子的句意，结构完整句意，结构完整 who 谁 which 哪个 what 什么（指物）什么（指物） 结构不完整结构不完整 whether 是否 when 何时 where 哪里 how 如何，怎样 why 为什么句意不完整，结构不完整（缺主语句意不完整，结构不完整（缺主语或宾语）或宾语）句意不完整，结构完整句意不完整，结构完整1) 她通过了考试，让我们很惊讶。 She passed the exam，

2、 surprised us.正确：That she passed the exam surprised us.It surprised us that she passed the exam.2) 明天他会不会来，还不得而知呢.He will come tomorrow， is unknown.正确：Whether he will come tomorrow is unknown.3) 谁将会成为我们的班长，目前还没决定。 who will be our monitor？ hasnt been decided. 正确：Who will be our monitor hasnt been dec

3、ided.4) 他说的是真的。 He said is true. 正确：What he said is true.5) 我们什么时候开会，取决于经理。 when will we hold meeting？ depend on the manager 正确：When we will hold meeting depends on the manager.that how what whether_ we need is time._ he will win the match is certain._ you see may not be true._ he will attend the me

4、eting is a puzzle._ he finished the difficult task is unknown to us. key：1. What 2. That 3. What 4. Whether 5. How同位语从句news, fact, idea, message + that + 完整的句子 以上名词在句中可作主语，宾语等。That引导的句子对之前的名词的内容进行进一步的解释说明。1)The news that the star will come to Guangzhou makes us excited.2)I got a message that our com

5、pany would hold a party.限定性定语从句名词（先行词）名词（先行词） 关系词引导的句子关系词引导的句子修饰该名词修饰该名词名词名词 关系词关系词人人 who主，主，whom宾，宾，whose+名名物物 that / which（主和宾），（主和宾）， whose + 名名地点地点 where（状语），（状语）， that / which（主和宾），（主和宾），时间时间 when（状），（状）， that / which（主和宾）（主和宾）原因原因(reason) why不定代词不定代词 anything 形容词最高级修饰形容词最高级修饰 all the only，the

6、lastthat(不用不用which)非限定性定语从句：as which 区别： as 可以放在句首，也可句中，逗号后。 which 通常放句中，逗号后。1. As is known to all, he is the best tennis player in the world.2. He is the best tennis player in the world, which is known to all.注意：介词+ whom，which 先行词由the same和such 修饰时，关系词只用as1. This is the man who I met yesterday.2. T

7、he building where/ in which I live is very old. This is the museum which/ that we have visited before.3. The bike which/ that I bought last month is broken.4. I still remember those days which/that we spent together.对比： I still remember the day when/ on which we first met.倒装句1. so + do / be/ can + 主

8、： 也一样（肯定） neither / nor + do / be / can + 主： 也一样（否定） She likes animals， and so do I. Jack is a teacher, and so am I. He didnt attend the meeting, and nor did I. I can speak English, and so can she. 在非倒装句中，肯定语气用too，否定语气用either。 2. As 引导让步状语从句，表示引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管尽管.，虽然，虽然.”，状语从句中的形容词，副词，名词提前到句首。状语从句中的形容词

9、，副词，名词提前到句首。 1) Although he was sick，he still went to work. Sick as he was, he . 2) Although he worked hard, he didnt get what he wanted. Hard as he worked, he . 3) Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he . 3. 否定意义的副词，连词及短语：否定意义的副词，连词及短语：under no circumstance，by no meansHardly +ha

10、d +主语+ done+ when +主语+ didNo sooner +had +主语+ done+ than +主语+ did 刚一就 Hardly had I went outside when it began to rain.4. Not until + 时间状语时间状语+ did/ have/ can + 主主 + 谓语谓语动词动词 直到时候，才 Not until yesterday did I receive that letter.5. Only 引导引导时间，地点，方式状语状语等，放在句首放在句首，句子用部分倒装。 结构：Only + 状语状语 + did/ have/ can + 主主 + 谓语动词谓语动词 只有，唯有,才能 Only in this store can we buy this drink. Only by boat will we be able to get to the island.6. So + 形容词形容词/ 副词副词+ be/ 助动词助动词 + 主语主语 + that 从句从句 e.g.: So angry was he that he couldnt say a word. So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. Such + a/