MBA英语动词(非谓、三大从句、倒装、强调)更新(20129111412924)

1、n连系动词 n连系动词在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。n英语连系动词有be(是)，seem(似乎)，look(看来)，keep(保持)，become(变成)，get (变得)，grow(变得)，feel(感到)，turn(变得，变成)，appear(显得)，remain(仍旧是)等。 动词：实义动词和be动词动词：实义（及物动词和不及物动词）n1)动词 + 介词 这类短语动词用作及物动词，后面须跟宾语。如：nThe small boy insisted on going with his parents.那男孩坚持要跟父母一起去。nWe stand for self-reliance.我们是主张

2、自力更生的。 n这一类的短语动词还有很多，如depend on (upon)(依靠)，wait on (服侍)，look for (寻找)，deal with(对待)，look after(照料)，wait for(等待)等。2) 动词+副词 这类短语动词有的用作及物动词，有的用作不及物动词。如：nI always get up as soon as the bell rings. 我总是一打铃就起床。(不及物)nWatch out！Theres a car coming. 当心，来汽车了! (不及物)nHave you handed in your exercises already? 你已

3、经交练习了吗? (及物)n动词动词的基本形式1) 英语动词的四种基本形式 它们是动词原形过去式 ， 过去分词 、和现在分词这四种形式和助动词一起构成动词的时态、语态和语气。n原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词nwork worked worked workingnwrite wrote written writingnhave had had havingndo did done doing 英语的16种时态一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时（时间段; yet, ever; 区别过去时）现在完成进行时一般过去时used to vbe used to vbe used to ving 过去进行时过去完

4、成时过去完成进行时一般将来时be about to do将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时(by the time, next week)一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时 英语的16种时态一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时（时间段; yet, ever; 区别过去时）现在完成进行时一般过去时used to vbe used to vbe used to ving 过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时一般将来时be about to do将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时(by the time, next week)一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时 过去将来完

5、成进行时时态：n一般现在时一般现在时:经常性，反复性的动作，现在的状态经常性，反复性的动作，现在的状态 主主+be 或或V (主语为单三主语为单三V+s/es) My father is retired now. He gets up early. n现在进行时现在进行时:现在正在发生的动作现在正在发生的动作 主主+be +Ving Turn off the radio. Jane is studying.n现在完成时：对现在来说已经发生的事，没有过去时间：现在完成时：对现在来说已经发生的事，没有过去时间： 主主+have/has +V 过去分词过去分词n完成进行时：从过去某时起一直持续的动作

6、，也许刚停止，也完成进行时：从过去某时起一直持续的动作，也许刚停止，也许还在进行。许还在进行。 主主+have/has been doing I have been waiting for you for an hour. Shes been working all morning.n一般将来时：还未发生的事。主+will do The concert will start in a minute.be about + 动词不定式表示即将发生的动作。如：nThe English evening is about to begin. nWe are about to leave，so there

7、 is no time to visit him now. be + 动词不定式表示安排或计划好了的动作等，如：nThe boys are to go to school next week. nHe and I are to meet at the Shanghai Railway Station.n Im to be home before midnight.n将来完成时：在将来一个时间前已经完成的动作： 主+will have done Call us after 8oclock. We will have finished dinner by then.n一般过去时：过去某一时间发生的

8、事一般过去时：过去某一时间发生的事 主主+be/V 的过去式：的过去式： He was young at the time. Betty called me this morning. Mr. Higgins used to have a big house in downtown.黑根斯先生在市区曾经有座大房子。n过去完成时：在过去一个时间前已经完成的动作： 主+had done When I got to the station, the train had left.n过去进行时的形式过去进行时的形式 过去进行时由was(第一、三人称单数)或were (其余各人称和数)加现在分词所构成。

9、nShe was reading an English magazine when I came in.nIt was getting dark. They were working all day yesterday. nWe were cleaning the auditorium from 7 to 9 last night.n过去完成进行时n1)过去完成进行时的形式一律为had been + 现在分词，无人称和数的区别。nHe told me that he had been waiting for me for two hours.他对我说他等了我两小时。nThe baby had

10、been crying for fifteen minutes when her mother came in. 妈妈进来时，婴儿一直哭了十五分钟。nIt seemed to her that the boys had been shouting for a long time.她似乎觉得这些男孩一直叫喊了很久。n过去将来进行时的用法n它的形式由should(第一人称)或Would(第二、三人称)加be doing sth.nHe asked me what I should be doing at ten the next day. nThey said that they would be

11、 expecting us the next week. nHe said he could not come because he would be haying a meeting.n过去将来完成时表示在过去将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作。它的形式由should(第一人称)或Would(第二、三人称)加have再加过去分词构成。 用法举例：nHe said he would have paid me back the money by the end of the week. nWe told him that we should have returned to the camp by

12、four oclock.nI hoped she would have finished the work before I got back.n主句中的谓语动词如为过去时态时, 从句中的谓语动词一般须用过去时态。这又可分为下面三种情况：1) He told me he was unwell. She said her brother was reading a magazine at the moment. 2) 如果从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句须用过去完成时。如： He said he had posted the letter. Our teach

13、er told us he had been to lndia. 3) 如果从句的谓语动词所表示的动作在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之后，从句的谓语动词须用过去将来时态。如：nThey did not know when they would go to the Great Wall. n注主句的谓语动词如是过去时态，还须注意下面两种特殊情况：1)从句所说明的如果是一般真理或客观事实，则仍用现在时态。如：nThe teacher told the pupils that the earth is round.nSomebody told me you are an a writer. 2)从句如

14、果有表示某一具体时间的状语，谓语动词所表示的动作虽发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般仍用过去一般时，不用过去完成时。如：nThe teacher told his pupils that the Chinese Communist Party was founded in Shanghai in l921.nMy father told me that my grandfather was born in l900.被动语态：n常用时态的被动语态 过去时 主+was/were+done A new library was completed in June. 将来时 主+will be

15、+done A new library will be completed next June. 现在完成时 主+have/has been+done A new library has been completed. 一般现在时 主+am/is/are+done Housework is always done by housewives. 现在进行时 主+am/is/are being+done A new library is being built.谓语动词动名词动名词gerund不定式不定式infinitive分词分词participle 主动的，未来的 主动的，正在进行的 被动的，

16、完成的1性质性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。n动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语。语。n不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。n分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语形成分语补足语、状语形成分 主语主语 定语定语 宾语宾语 表语表语 状语状语宾语补宾语补 足语足语v-i

17、ng 形式形式 不定不定式式 过去过去分词分词 常用句式 动词+Ving (动词口诀） 介词+Ving （固定搭配与完型填空） 带逻辑主语的Ving只能接动词只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词：形式作宾语的动词：必背必背只接动词只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有：形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有：admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免put off 推迟 keep 保持 consider 考虑delay 耽搁 dislike 嫌恶 resist抵制mention 提及 enjoy 喜欢 escape 避免excuse 原谅 practise 练习 mind介意

18、fancy想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成risk 冒险 include 包括 forgive 原谅give up 放弃 suggest 建议 miss 逃过 imagine 设想 cannot help 情不自禁2 作介词宾语作介词宾语动词-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。固定搭配：Be responsible for VingBe blamed for Ving 不定式 常见的结构和短语 enough.to tooto onlyto 3. 与Ving的区别不定式作宾语：不定式作宾语： 有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有： want, demand,

19、like, hate, hope, begin, seem, fail, help, offer, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, expect, agree, determine, prefer, intend, etc. 必背必背常见的带不定式的短语：be supposed to do 应该做某事be determined to do 决心要做某事fail to do 未能做某事go all out to do 全力以赴做某事make up ones mind to do 决定做某事prepare on

20、eself to do 有思想准备做某事take the trouble to do 不辞辛苦地做某事必背必背常见的带介词to的短语：be used to 习惯 be related to 与有关get down to 着手做put ones mind to 全神贯注于be equal to 胜任 devote oneself to 献身于lead to 导致 be opposed to 反对look forward to 盼望 object to 反对stick to 坚持 pay attention to 注意V -ed form过去分词 V-ed与 Ving的区别 V-ed作状语比较比较

21、：amusing 使人高兴的 amused 开心的encouraging 鼓舞人心的 encouraged 受鼓励的disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的exciting 使人激动的 excited 激动的puzzling 迷惑人的 puzzled 迷惑的satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的Worrying 令人烦恼的 worried 烦恼的 tiring 引起疲劳的 tired 疲劳的pleasing 令人愉快的 pleased 高兴的astonishing 令人惊讶的 astonished 惊讶的 独立主格结构分词有它自己的独立

22、的主语，这种主语通常是名词或代词，且放在分词短语的前面，这种结构叫独立主格结构，常常用做状语，多用于书面语。Having finished her homework, she went out to play basketball.It being a holiday, I went fishing.Weather permitting, we shall start tomorrow. 独立主格结构He remained in the hospital for three months, his company paying all his expenses.The child rushed

23、 into the room, his face covered with sweat.The students having done all the exercises, the teacher went on to explain the text.So many people being absent, we decided to put the meet off.All things considered, his paper is of greater value than yours.英语英语句子句子从结构上看有三种从结构上看有三种类型：类型： 1.简单句（简单句（Simple

24、Sentence) 2.并列句（并列句（Compound Sentence) 3.复合句复合句 （Complex Sentence) (1)简单句的五大基本句型：简单句的五大基本句型： 主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语 主语主语 及物动词宾语及物动词宾语 主语不及物动词状语主语不及物动词状语 主语及物动词间宾直宾主语及物动词间宾直宾 主语及物动词宾语宾补主语及物动词宾语宾补 Her face turned red with anger. You can consider my suggestion. This kind of cloth sells well.He told me a se

25、cret.He found the work half done.（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又 相互相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。一起。 其结构是：其结构是： 简单句简单句+等立连词等立连词+简单句简单句等立连词有：等立连词有：and, or, buteg: Keep on and you will make progress.You have to do it one way or the other.He has studied English for only one year,

26、but he can read and write now.1) 以以and 为代表的，表示为代表的，表示语义引申语义引申。2）以）以 or 为代表的，表示为代表的，表示选择选择。3）以）以but 为代表的，表示为代表的，表示语义转折和对比语义转折和对比。（2）并列句：）并列句：and: and, bothand, not onlybut (also), notnor, neithernor 等。等。eg: 1) As is reported, a trade agreement was signed, and a cultural exchange was arranged.2) Mrs C

27、ox is both kind and gentle to her pupils.3) Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.4) Jeff is not going to the movies, nor am I.5) Neither has Pauline wanted to rent a house, nor has her husband.（2）并列句：）并列句：or: or, either or 等。等

28、。eg: 1) The workers were cheerful, or at least they appear to be cheerful.2) Either you or I must do it.3) There are only two possibilities: either you know or you dont know.4) Make up your mind, or you will miss the chance.（2）并列句：）并列句：but: but, notbut, while, whereas, only, yet 等。等。eg: 1) The young

29、 man has often been praised, but he is never conceited.2) He said that he was busy today but that he would be free tomorrow.3) This coat is not mine but yours.4) It never rains but (it) pours.5) Jane is slender, while Mary is stout.6) My children want to live in town, whereas I myself would rather l

30、ive in the country.7) Shes not a very funny girl, yet you cant help liking her.（2）并列句）并列句 Exercise TimePlease correct errors, if any, in the following sentences. 1) My summers work proved not only interesting but also I learned much from it.2) A college education was both necessary and I could affor

31、d it.3) You can either write a thesis or a short essay on the subject.4) She told us to read the text carefully, and that we should write a short review of it.5) He can neither sing nor he can compose.6) Donna was satisfied not with her own achievement or with the teams performance.（2）并列句）并列句 Exerci

32、se TimePlease correct errors, if any, in the following sentences.7) Gas is a substance without a definite volume nor with a definite shape.8) Give him an inch, or hell take a mile.9) Just take a look at that fellow, so youll get sick.10) As soon as he arrived in town, he went seeing the doctor immed

33、iately.定语从句状语从句名词性从句 1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses: 2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句） 3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句） 4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句） 5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句） 6.Adverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句） 7.Adverbi

34、al Clauses of Comparison（比较） 8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步） 9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句 )1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）（时间状语从句） when/whenever, while, as, before, after, until, since, as soon as/as long as, every time, each time, immediately, the moment, the minute, the second, the

35、 instant, by the time,Hardly/scarcelywhen 和和no soonerthan 2. Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句）because, as, for, 和和 since, now that, considering that, seeing that, for the reason that, by reason that, for fear thatbecause, as, for, 和和 since, 1. 1) The doctor looked tired and sleepy because he sat u

36、p with the patient all night. 2) Because he sat up all night with the patient, the doctor looked tired and sleepy. 3) The doctor looked tired and sleepy simply/probably because he sat up with the patient all night. 4) The doctor looked tired and sleepy not because he sat up with the patient all nigh

37、t, but because he carried out many surgeries.because, as, for, 和和 since, The doctor looked tired and sleepy for he sat up with the patient all night. Since he had a certain talent for composition, his English teacher encouraged him to write for the school paper. As Chile is a long, narrow country, t

38、he temperature varies considerably from north to south.considering that - 鉴于鉴于,考虑考虑到到 Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. seeing that - 由于由于 Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided toput the meeting off. 3.Adverbial Clauses of Place (条件状语从句）地点状

39、语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:If it had not been the flood, there would not have been great loss of life and property.Provided that Obama wins the support of the minority groups, he will be able to win the election.In case it rains, we wont be able to go there on foot.You can go out, as long as you promise

40、to be back before 11 p.m.4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句）地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where, whereverYou may find him where his parents live. Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you. 5. Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句）引导目的状语从句的主要连词引导目的状语从句的主要连词有有: so that, in order thatso that,

41、 in order that, 6.） sothat,suchthat, so, so that1) It is so good a story that Ill never forget it. It is such a good story that Ill never forget it.2)Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.a)such+adj.+名词 +that clauseb)so +adj./adv. +that clausec)so + many/few + 复数名词 +that cl

42、ause much/little+不可数名词7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较状语从句比较状语从句 ） asas,not as(so)as, more/-erthan,lessthan1)He doesnt work so hard as you do.2)There is as much ink in bottle A as in bottle B.3)The more you worry,the less youll succeed.4) Gold is much heavier than any other metal.5)The job is no

43、t so difficult as I thought it would be.8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession 让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有：引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句)方式状语从句常由方式状语从句常由: as, as if, as though the way(that), in the way(that)等引导引导,asif或或 as thoug

44、h引导的从句中可用虚拟语气引导的从句中可用虚拟语气 1) You must try to do as I did. 2) Do in Rome as the Romans do. 3) He talks as if he knew all about it. 4)They did it in a way that I had never seen before.他们以我从没见过的方式行事。 5)As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水请将下列两个简单句整合为定语从句：请将下列两个简单句整合为定语从句：A plane is a

45、 machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质the machinea machine关系词关系词whothatwhomwhichwhose关系代词和关系副词如何区别？关系代词和关系副词如何区别？1.Ill never forget the day _we spent together in Paris.2.Ill remember the day_we stayed together at that time.3.This is the factory_we visited last year.4.This is

46、 the house _Lincoln once lived.5.The reason _he missed the speech was that he forgot the time.6.The reason_he gave us sounded reasonable.RememberRemember: : 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键关键要看他们要看他们在从句中作什么在从句中作什么成份成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。whythatwhichthatwhi

47、chwhenthatwhichwhere/in which7.(1) He still lives in the room _window faces to the south. (2) He still lives in the room _is in the north of the city. whosewhich8.(1)I will never forget the days _we studied together. (2)I will never forget the days _we spent together.whenthat 9.(1) The reason _he di

48、dnt come was that he was ill. (2) The reason _he explained is not true.whythat10.(1) We will meet at the same place_we met last month. (2) We will meet at the same place _we visited last month.wherethat1、Gun control is a subject_American have argued for a long time. A.of which B.with which C.about w

49、hich D.into which2、Human facial expressions differ from those of animal in the degree_they can be controlled on purpose. A.with which B.to which C.of which D.for whichas 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这支笔和我丢的那支一模一样。这支笔和我丢的那支一模一样。这支笔就是

50、我丢的那支。这支笔就是我丢的那支。as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句(2)1. He tried hard to teach his only-one-year child, _ his wife didnt think necessary.2. The earth is round,_is known to all.3. _ is known to all, the earth is round4. _ is known to all that the earth is round.5. Tom failed the test, _ we didnt expect.whichas AsIt

51、意思上：意思上： which“这一点这一点”/ as “正如正如” 搭配上：搭配上：与与as搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as we planned/as we expected/ as is often the case定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用aswhichas 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 (3)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an intere

52、sting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)基础巩固基础巩固 (Correct mistakes)1.Do you like the bike your friend gave it to you?

53、 2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.3. There are ten students are playing basketball on the playground.4. English is a subject I am interested.5.Can you show me the book which have been translated into English by Smith?6.There is not a single person in the street whom I can tur

54、n for help.（多词）（多词）（错用引导词）（错用引导词） （漏引导词）（漏引导词）（漏介词）（漏介词）（主谓不一致）（主谓不一致）（漏介词）（漏介词）thatwho/thatinhastoThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.将下列两个简单句整合为定语从句：将下列两个简单句整合为定语从句：The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof w

55、hich the window is broken重点：重点： whose用法用法1.He did all / everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I

56、 have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth. 关系代词选择练习关系代词选择练习 that , which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who?9.Is there anything else _ you want to say?10.Any person _ has the money can join th

57、e group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset.12.He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy.13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.thatthatwhichwhich whomwhose练习：1.A person_e-mail account is full wont b

58、e able to send or receive any e-mails. A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever.2.She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before. A.them B.who C.whom D.these3.The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the

59、 hands of which关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. on the day =whenin the house = wherefor the reasons =why关系副词实际上是关系副词实际上是 =介词介词+关系代词关系代词1,Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often

60、, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A.who B.which C.when D.that2,My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him. A. which B.that C.where D.it3,The science museum, _we visit during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attactions. A.which B. C.that D.wheren11个W, 1个T, 1个H, wh