郑州市教委框架结构综合办公楼设计文献翻译

1、yzes the reinforced concrete quality questionOne.，.Ma concrete surfacePhenomenon : the lack of concrete slurry local surface roughness, or a number ofsmall pits, but without the exed steel and rubble.ysis :1 .template or cleaning the surface roughness is not clean, dry sticky with cementmortar and o

2、ther debris, demolding when concrete surfaticky loss.2, the steel template Release Agent Brushing uneven concrete surface whendemolding Bond template.3, the joleak.assembly template is not tight, seamless when reperfuconcrete slurry4,pacting concrete vibrated, the concrete bubble not emits bubbles r

3、emainpart of the template surface.Preventive measures : clean up the template surface, it may not sticky dry cementmortar, and other debris. Concrete Formwork reperfuwood, with copious fullmoist, clean, leaving no water, seamless mosaic template closely and, if cracks, Yanfilled to prevent leakage p

4、ulp. Tu-steel template for applying a uniform should not brush missed. Concrete must be uniform code compaction density stratification, andto prevent leakage pound, the typicadate.iform concrete vibrated to remove air bubblesTreatment Methods : Ma main concrete surface appearance, for the largart of

5、 thepatch. Ma site will soon face wash with water, after the full use of humid wet cementdisappearing.Two, cellularPhenomenon : concreocal Susong, small stone mortar, the gap betn the gravelto formb of holes.ysis :1, unreasonable mix concrete, aggregates, cement materials measurement errors, or noin

6、crease in water, resulting in fewer stone mortar more.2, concrete mixing time is short, there is no uniform mixing, concrete workabilitypoor, vibration compaction.3, the absence of rules to pouring concrete, cutting misconduct, gravel concentrate,causing concrete disegrate.4, a concrete cutting too

7、much, not above, stratified perfu, vibration or under falseinformation and vibrated with bad, - not allowed under vibration also expected.5, no template pore blocking good, or template insufficient stability, vibration at theconcrete formwork shift, resulting in serious leakage pulp.Prevention measu

8、res : concrete batching strict controln with regular checks ensureaccurate measurement of material (use of electronic automatic measurement).Concrete Mixing uniformity, color consistency, stirring with the shortest time withregulations. Concrete free dumcharged no moren 2m high, in exs, to takeserie

9、s cones chute cutting measures. Concrete stamlayered vibration, castinglayer thickneot exceeding vibrator role of the length of 1.25 times. Rammingconcrete mixture, plug-Tamper little distance betn its mobile role radius of 1.5times; of fine aggregate concrete mixture, the effect is not greatern the

10、 radius of1%. Tamper template to the distance of not moren Tamper effective radius of thehalf. To ensure the upper and lower concrete with good vibrating rods inserted 5cmlower concrete, concrete vibrated, must master each time povibration. Suitablevibration phenomena : Concrete not significantly su

11、bsided and no longer appear bubble. Pouring concrete, it is often observed template, template found walking toimmediay stop pouring, and the initial setting of concrete before finishing well.ernance : a small concreteb,wash with water clean, and 1:2 or1:2.5 with cement mortar to repair If largeb, th

12、eof gravel and looseparticles removed outstanding, in an attempt to form trumpet, foreign export, more Then rinse well with water humid, and then a high fine stone concrete Ramming,strengthen conservation.Three, openingsPhenomenon : concrete structure withhe gap, no local concrete.ysis :1, the steel

13、-ensive or embedded parts, concrete pouring not smoond not fulltemplate space.2, failure to order vibrated concrete, have missed vibration.3, concrete disegrate, or serious run slurry.4, Concrete Construction works well, the absence of the construction sequence andConstruction Technology serious ope

14、ration.5, a mass of concrete and debris incorporation, or largeof wood and othermaterialso the concrete with China.6, as required under material, a materiader exsive vibration due to the lowervibration role radius of lessn form a loose se.Preventive measures :1, the steel-ensive, use small stone pou

15、ring concrete, concrete space filled withtemplates, and seriously vibration compacting. Mechanical vibration difficulties, theuse of artifil tamper with.2,perfuholes at the same time cutting both sides. Often dissatisfied with the lower, the vibration is not to take sidehe opening perfumeasures vibr

16、ationcompacting closure after good template, Then up reperfu.3, proper compaction methods to prevent leakage vibration. A. Plug-Tamper verticalvibration,t is vibrating rods and concrete vertical or inclined surface vibration.tis vibrating rods and concrete surface of a certain po, around 40 -45 . B.

17、 Tamperwitholation pos uniform, it is determinant or staggered sequence ofmovement, not mix to avoid leakage vibration. Eaoving distance of not moren vibrating rod role of the radius of 1.5 times. Tamper operation slowly pulling fastChap.4, under good control information. To ensuret concrete reperfu

18、noven 2msegregation, concrete dumfree-lessn 2m in height, but when morechute, Series extinguishers bling.5, preventing sand, stones mixed with clay blocks or ice, and other miscellaneousitems, have found concrete debris, timely cleanse.6, strengthening construction technology management and quality

19、inspection.Concrete holes on the handling by the unit to joly research, develop reinforcementprogram for approval before prosingfour, the exed barPhenomenon : reinforced concrete structure revealedsurface.t the steel bars in concreteysis :1, pouring concrete vibrated, the steel pan or pan displaceme

20、nt of missing or too little,bar close template.2, reinforced concrete structure with less dense steel, as a large diameter steel stuck ingravel, Concrete can not be filled with cement reinforced around.3, Mix Concrete misconducve segregation, or template serious leak plasma.4, the concrete vibrated,

21、 the vibrating steel rods impact, reinforced shift. 5, concreteprotective layer vibration compaction, or template humid enough wood, concretesurface exsive water loss, or knock out prematurely. demolding when concrete naPrism swap Kok. Preventive measures :1, infuof concrete, steel reinforcement and

22、 inspection protective layer thicknessaccuracy.2, in order to guarantee the concrete protection of the layer thickness, and fixed topan. General about every 1m tied up in a reinforced cement mortar pan.3, bar moreensive, matching appropriate size of gravel. The largest size stonestructure section sh

23、all not exceed one-fourth of the minimum size, but not largernthree-quarters of reinforced distance. Structure section is smaller, more closely reinforced when available Fine Stone Concrete Pouring.4, reinforced to prevent displacement, no vibrating steel rods impact. 5, concretefreedom charged with

24、 moreinformation.n 2m, with seriech as tube or chute for the next6, demolding time according to specimen test results to prevent premature demolding.7, the operation should not stampede steel reinforced as a hit bends or release, thetimely transfer directly complement the deduction.Treatment : exed

25、reinforced concrete residue on the rust and clean up the waterwashing humid, and then 1:2 or 1 : 2.5 Mortar TROWELING formation, as revealeddeep tendons of weak concrete removed, washed away humid, wiconcrete Ramming, conservation seriously.high fine stone钢筋混凝土质量问题一、砼麻面现象：砼表面局部缺浆粗糙，或有许多小凹坑，但无钢筋和碎石外露

26、。原因分析：1、模板表面粗糙或被粘损。不干净，粘有干硬水泥砂浆等杂物，拆模时砼表面2、钢模板脱模剂涂刷不均匀，拆模时砼表面粘结模板。3、模板接缝拼装不严密，灌注砼时缝隙漏浆。4、砼振捣不密实，砼中的气泡未排出，一部分气泡停留在模板表面。预防措施： 模板面干净，不得粘有干硬水泥砂浆等杂物。木模板灌注砼前，用清水充分湿润，干净，不留积水，使模板缝隙拼接严密，缝隙，填严，防止漏浆。钢模板涂模剂要涂刷均匀，不得漏刷。砼必须按操作规程分层均匀振捣密实，严防漏捣，每层砼均匀振捣至气泡排除为止。处理方法：麻面主要影响砼外观，对于面积较大的部位修补。即将麻面部位用清水刷洗，充分湿润后用潮湿的水泥抹平。二、蜂窝

27、现象：砼局部，砂浆少碎石多，碎石之间出现空隙，形成蜂窝状的孔洞。原因分析：1、砼配合比不合理，碎石、水泥材料计量错误，或加水量碎石多。，造成砂浆少2、砼搅拌时间短，没有拌合均匀，砼和易性差，振捣不密实。3、未按操作规程浇注砼，下料不当，使碎石集中，造成砼离析。4、砼一次下料过多，没有分段、分层灌注，振捣不实或下料与振捣配合不好，未允分振捣又下料。5、模板孔隙未堵好，或模板稳定性不足，振捣砼时模板移位，造成严重漏浆。预防措施：砼配料时严格控制配合比，经常检查，保证材料计量准确（可采用电子自动计量）。砼拌合均匀，颜色一致，其搅拌最短时间符合规范规定。砼倾落高度不得超过 2m，如超过，要采取串筒、溜

28、槽等措施下料。砼的振捣分层捣固，浇注层的厚度不得超过振动器作用部分长度的 1.25 倍。捣实砼拌合物时，式振捣器移动间距不大于其作用半径的 1.5 倍；对细骨料砼拌合物，则不大于其作用半径的 1 倍。振捣器至模板的距离不大于振捣器有效作用半径的 1/2。为保证上下层砼结合良好，振捣棒下层砼 5cm，砼振捣时，必须掌握好每点的振捣时间。合适的振捣现象为：砼不再显著下沉，不再出现气泡。浇注砼时，经常观察模板，发现有模板走动，立即停止浇注，并在砼初凝前修整完好。治理方法：砼有小蜂窝，可先用水冲洗干净，然后用 12 或 12.5 水泥砂浆修补，如果是大蜂窝，则先将松动的碎石和突出颗粒剔除，尽量形成喇叭口，外口大些，然后用清水冲洗干净湿润，再一级的细石砼捣实，加强养护。三、孔洞现象：砼结构内有空隙，局部没有砼。原因分析：1、在钢筋密集处或预埋件处，砼浇注不畅通，不能充满模板间隙。2、未按顺序振捣砼，产生漏振。3、砼离析，或严重跑浆。4、砼工程的施工组织不好，未按施工顺序和施工工艺认真操作。5、砼中有硬块和杂物掺入，或木块等大件料具掉入砼中。6、不按规定下料，一次下料过