【小学英语】第3讲-代词-教案

1、代词观察以下句子1 .-Mary, is this your bag?-Yes, it is.（下划线单词it代替the bag）odidnt put my shoes away. This made my mother angry.（This 代替前面“I didnt put my shoes away）.Here are two bags. One is mine, the other is hers.（mine 相当于 my bag, hers 相当于 her bags.）.Whose pencils are those in the pencil case? （whose 在这表示谁的

2、）.These are your gifts, （these 表示那些）从上述句子中我们会发现，句子下划线的词，都是用来代指上文中已经出现过的名词。下划线单词均为代词。一、代词的含义：代替名词及代替起名词作用的短语、分词和句子。二、代词的分类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词及疑问代词。三、代词的用法：人称代词定义：人称代词是为了防止重复，用来代替前面提到过的人。人称代词的基本形式见下表：格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称ImeweUSwill spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.A. She, you and IB. You, she a

3、nd I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and youAre coats yours? Yes, they are .A. theyB. theseC. thisD. thereBetween you and, he is not a real friend.A. meB. IC. heD. hishave friends here, so I feel lonely.A. Little B. a little C. few D. a few5.girl has a flower.A. Many B. All C. Each D. Other【答案】B 2. B 3

4、. A 4. C 5.C【解析】.英语中人称单数顺序为321 ,复数为123。Coats为复数名词。此处应该缺宾格，所以用me。根据题意可知我很孤独,所以我几乎没有朋友，并且朋友为可数名词，古攵选few、Each做主语，谓语动词用单数。My home is nice. I have a pet 1 and 2 name is Polly. It is a parrot（鹦鹉）.I like Polly a lot. My classmate, Hu Tao, 3 a pet, too. Its name is Bobby. It is a dog. Hu Tao 4 Bobby very mu

5、ch. Do you have 5 in your home? I often go to English Corner（英语角）.I like 6 a lot. I speak English 7 some friends at the English Corner.8 Hu Tao doesnt like the English Comer. He doesnt like English 9 . His English is 10 . So I often help him study English.B. in my home C. in schoolD. in home（）1. A.

6、in my school()2. A. ifsB. itC. itsD. your()3. A. isB. likeC. hasD. have()4. A. likeB. likesC. looks likeD. look like()5. A. flowersB. a bikeC. a friendD. a pet()6. A. itB. itsC.hisD. ifs()7. A. afterB. withC. inD. of()8. A. AndB. SoC.OrD. But()9. A. at allB. muchC. littleD. all()10. A. goodB.OKC.poo

7、rD. nice【答案】1.B 2.C 3.C4.B 5.D 6. A7.B 8. D 9. A 10. C【解析】B in my home=at home指“在家，在家里”，因为pet （宠物）是养在家里的，应选BoC此处需用物主代词，而且所指的是鸟，应选C。C根据短文内容可知此处要用“有”，且主语为第三人称单数，应选C。B本句意为“胡涛非常喜欢Bobby- look like意为“看起来像”，不符合题意，再因本句主语为第三人称单数，应选BoD根据上文内容可知，此句意为“你在家养宠物吗？ ”应选DoA此处需用人称代词的宾格，it的宾格仍是it ,应选AoB考查介词的用法。after在之后；w

8、ith和，关于；in穿着，戴着，用，在里；of的。根据句意可知，此处应是和朋友们在英语角说英语，因此应为With,选BoD上文提到我喜欢英语角，下文说胡涛不喜欢英语角，为转折关系，应选D。A not. at all意思是“根本不，一点也不、应选AoC从上文提到胡涛不喜欢英语，可推测他的英语差。poor意为“差的，不好的应选C。第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheytheysheheritit从表格中得之，人称代词有主格和宾格之分，分别怎么用呢?我们观察下面的两个句子：They are my family.I like him.Its me.会发现，人称代词主格在句子中做主语

9、，而人称代词宾格在句子中做宾语或表语。.are students.A. Their B. They C. Them D. Theirs【答案】B【解析】此题考查人称代词的主格用法，B、C、D在句子中都不可做主语，应选B选项。. Lets go and help.A. she B. shes C. her D. hers【答案】C【解析】此题考查人称代词宾格的用法，help后面需要有宾格做动词的宾语，应选答案Co 物主代词定义：物主代词是表示所属关系的词。物主代词的分类：有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分，其人称和数的变化见下表：单数复数形容词性名词性形容词性名词性75r第一人称mymine

10、ourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hishistheirtheirsherhersitsits例： This is her English book.This English book is hers.从例句中分析：形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，修饰后面的名词。名词性物主代词本身具有名词性质，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，在句中作主格、宾格或表格。.name is Mark and name is Liza.A. His ; his B. Her ; her C. She ; he D. His ; her【答案】D【解析】此题考查物主代词中形容词性物主代词的

11、用法，首先确实name是名词，使用要用名词性物主代词,Mark是一男名，Liza是女名，应选答案Do1. -Whose picture is it?-It9s.A. hers B. her C.she D. shes【答案】A【解析】此题考查物主代词中名词性物主代词的用法，根据句意可知是她的照片，所以要用hers相当于herpicture.应选答案Ao.反身代词定义：强调自身的代词或表示一个动作回射到这个动作的执行者本身的词称为反身代词。可翻译为我自己 我们自己等。称数单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第二人称himselfthemsel

12、vesherselfitself不定人称oneself用法1.主语和宾语同为一人时，用反身代词。You should take care of yourself.表强调语气I myself can do it.常用词组 enjoy oneself dress oneself.指示代词用法：l.this/these是指空间上叫接近的事物指示代词数用法this/that （这个、那个）单数后面接动词的单数形式These/those （这些、那些）复数后面接动词的复数形式2.That/those是指空间上较远的事物.疑问代词疑问代词意义替代范围who谁人Whom （ who的宾格）谁人whose谁的

13、人what什么事、物which哪一个事、物.不定代词定义：不指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。小学阶段涉及的主要有一下几种。用法：. both VS all的用法辨析Both表示“两者都”，谓语动词要用复数。All表示“三者或三者以上都”，后面接复数名词是时。谓语动词用 复数形式，后面接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Both of you are right.你们俩都是对的All students are right,所有的学生（最少三个）都正确. some VS any 的用法Some和any都有“一些”的意思。Some通常用于肯定句中，any用于否认和疑问句中。但是表示

14、请求或建议, 希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，some不变any。There are some trees in the garden.Are there any trees in the garden?. many VS much 的区别Many后面接可数名词，much后面接不可数名词，much作主语时，谓语动词用单数。.Few , a few , little , a little的区别a few（肯定）思思一些，假设十用十可数名词few （否认）几乎没有a little （肯定）一些，有点儿用十不可数名词little （否认）几乎没有例句：Few of my friends were the

15、re.我的朋友中几乎没有人在那里。A few of the men wore hats.这些男人中有几个戴着帽子。I have little food to eat.我几乎没东西可吃。Would you like a little tea?你想喝点茶吗？I made it by. （my）【答案】myself【解析】此题考查反身代词的用法，根据句意可知是我做这个用过我自己，所以用myself。a book, and are bags.A. This is ; that B. That is ; this C. Those are ; these D.This is ; those【答案】D【解

16、析】此题考查指示代词的用法，根据第一空a book可知是单数名词故排除答案C，根据第二空可知bags为复数名词，应选D选项。sweater is this?-Ifs Mikes.A. Whos B. Whose C. What D. Which【答案】B【解析】此题考查疑问代词的用法，根据回答可知毛衣是Mike的，所以应该选B选项，表示谁的。This math problem is not so difficult that only students can work it out.A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little【答案】C【解析】此题考查不定代词的用法，

17、首先确定横线后面的名词Students为可数名词，所以要用few,a few , 根据题意可知数学题太难，以至于没有人可以做出来在这里表否认，应选答案C.We are pupils.bags are new.A. Your B. Their C. Hers D. Ourpants are these ? -Peters.A. Whose B. Which C. What D. WhoThe meal is very delicious . Help.A. you B. myself C. yourself D. myMiss Li is teaching Chinese.A. TheirB.

18、them C. their D. theirs5.is time for us to go to help the old people in hospital.A. This B. That C. It D. She【答案】15 DACBC【解析】.考查形容词性物主代代词。句意为：我们是学生，我们的包是新的。所以根据句意要用我们的our.考查疑问代词。根据回答可是是Peter的裤子，所以要选疑问代词谁的Which.考查反身代词。固定搭配help yourself.表示请自便.考查人称代词的用法。根据句意可知李老师教他们英语，所以在这缺teach的宾语。.考查it的特殊用法。形式主语It is

19、 + adj. (for sb.) to do sth.It isnt pen. It is.A. my ; her B. my ; hers C. me ; her D. me ; hersseason do you like best?A. What B. Which C. How D. WhoseThere are many flowers on the sides of the street.A. EachB. BothC. All D. EitherWould you like dumplings? -Yes, please.A. Some B. any C. little D. a

20、 littleOn Sunday , I didnt want to do.A. somethingB. nothing C. everything D. anything【答案】15 BBBAD【解析】.此题考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。第一空我的笔用形容词性物主代词来修饰peno第 二空用名词性物主代词相当于her pen.此题考查疑问代词，根据句意可知你喜欢哪一个季节，古攵选答案Bo.此题考查不定代词的用法。根据句意可知许多花在路的两边，应选B表示两者都。.此题考查不定代词的用法。表示征求对方意见，希望得到肯定回答时，some可以用于疑问句中。.此题考查不定代词的用法。此题

21、是否认句，故排除A、Co Nothing本身已经含有否认意义，不与not连 用，应选D.Everybodys business is nobodys businessThere are four people named everybody, somebody, anybody and nobody. There was an important job to be done and everybody was asked to do it. Everybody was sure that somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but nobody did it. Some body got angry about that because it was everybodys job. Everybody thought anybody could do it, but nobody realized that everybody wouldnt do it. It ended up that everybody blamed somebody when nobody did what anybody could have done