操作人员HSE培训资料

1、操作人员(rnyun)HSE培训 2015年4月17日 共三十五页 2LNG工厂(gngchng)总平图共三十五页 3进厂及安保(n bo) Entry Plant /Security 所有工作人员应进入LNG现场之前进行入场培训和审核，随后佩发工作卡（ID卡），胸卡上应包括：公司名称、员工姓名、职务、员工编号和照片。 造访人员须执行(zhxng)访客管理程序并获得临时工作卡，对频繁到现场的访客可配发永久性胸卡。 入场前安保人员查验人员的工作卡，无卡或弄虚作假者不允许入场。 工作人员在任何时候应将胸卡佩戴在衣领和腰之间的明显部位。员工工作卡共三十五页 安全帽 Helmet 安全鞋Safety

2、shoes 安全(nqun)眼镜Safety glass 焊接(hnji)面罩Welding mask 安全手套Gloves 五点式安全带Harness注：其中安全帽、工作服、和安全鞋属于强制性各人防护设备。进厂及安保 Entry Plant /Security共三十五页 个人物品，比如宽松的衣服、面部毛发、长发和珠宝等，应有充分的束缚、或摘掉或加以防护的措施，确保个人防护设备的正常使用(shyng)。 对特定类型的个人防护设备（如：防坠落、防毒气、电气安全等方面），HSE部门将对特定类型PPE进行专门培训。PPE配带(pi di)示意图PPE共三十五页安全(nqun)标识 Safety Si

3、gn 安全标志从内容上可分为禁止标志、警告标志、指令标志和提示(tsh)标志等。 禁止标志：禁止人们不安全行为。 警告标志：提醒人们注意周围环境，避免可能发生的危险。 指令标志：强制人们必须作出某种动作或采用某种防范措施。 提示标志：向人们提供某一信息，如标明安全设施。禁止标志警告标志指令标志提示标志共三十五页禁止(jnzh)标志警告(jnggo)标志禁止吸烟禁止带火种注意安全当心爆炸安全标识 Safety Sign共三十五页指令(zhlng)标志必须(bx)戴防毒面具必须戴防护眼镜提示标志安全标识 Safety Sign共三十五页 9吸烟(x yn)政策 Smoking Policy LNG

4、厂在其所有运营区域内严格执行“禁烟”政策。员工只能在标有允许吸烟标志的指定吸烟区内吸烟。 。 严禁将香烟(xingyn)、火柴或打火机带入工厂区域内，工作需要除外。 共三十五页 10 进场人员禁止酒后上岗，LNG厂区内不允许有含有酒精的饮料。 员工在使用处方药物或非处方药物时须告知公司 员工严禁吸服违禁(wijn)药品和毒品。公司可在无事先通知的情况下对疑受药物或酒精影响的人进行药物和酒精测试，因为这类人会对七本人、公司财产及其他员工的生命造成严重的威胁。 酒精(jijng)/药品政策 Alcoholic /Drugs Policy共三十五页 11运输(ynsh)与交通 Transport a

5、nd Traffic 进场所有(suyu)驾驶员必须持有驾驶执照，且完全熟知并严格遵守交通规章。 厂区最高车速限制为20千米/小时。 所有自行车以及骑自行车的人必须获得HSE部门的许可。 在生产区域、储存和装卸区域等有火灾爆炸危险的场所，车辆进入时必须加时必须加阻火器。 车辆在未使用时，驾驶员切不可将钥匙留在车内。 驾驶公司车辆必须得到准驾许可。 共三十五页 12风险(fngxin)矩阵 risk matrixPROBABILITY 可能性SEVERITY严重性AVery unlikely不大可能B Unlikely不可能CPossible可能的DLikely 很有可能EVery Likely

6、非常可能1Negligible 不严重的123452Moderate 中等的2468103Significant 重大的36912154Severe严重的 481216205Catastrophic 特别严重的510152025共三十五页 13分险风析的步骤(bzhu) Step of JSA步骤 1 将工作细分为各项任务 步骤 2 识别每项任务中的危险。 步骤 3 进行风险评估 步骤 4 明确风险降低措施 步骤 5 明确所需采取的行动(xngdng) 步骤 6 JSA 批准 步骤 7 工作中严格执行JSA 共三十五页 14工作安全(nqun)分析表 Job safety analysis f

7、ormNo.编号Activity / Process活动/过程Hazard Description风险描述Risk Rating风险级别Risk Control Measure风险控制方法Action by 执行人Severity严重性Probability可能性S*P风险度Prepared by 编制(binzh): Checked by批准: Approved by批准:共三十五页 15工作(gngzu)票 Permit to work工作票（PTW）旨在让员工以完整且安全的方式检查、组织并执行工作。工作票由具有专业知识且有能力的人员在进行工作分析后签发。要求用来(yn li)避免危害并最

8、大程度地降低事件/事故风险性的所有安全预防措施均源于该细致的分析。工作票类型包括：主工作票 动火票 高处作业票 动土票 受限空间票 射线作业票 起重作业票 临时用电票 盲板作业票 断路作业票共三十五页 16工作(gngzu)许可程序的原则 The principle of PTW procedure To conduct a risk analysis before authorizing a work and define the compulsory precautions to be enforced before and during its duration授权作业前开展风险分析，并

9、确定作业之前和作业之中须执行的强制性预防措施To identify, coordinate and ensure compatibility between the possible work interference.对可能(knng)的作业影响进行识别、协调，并确保相互兼容。To inform the different actors participating in the preparation of execution of a work告知进行作业准备的各类作业人员演讲标题 16共三十五页 17作业(zuy)流程的注意事项 Attention of PTW Process作业(zu

10、y)主管提前24小时申请申请准 备作业主管负责工具设备准备 做好工作现场的准备属地负责人确定工艺/区域交出有效的能量隔离避免交叉作业等HSE审查风险及防范措施 确认识作业人员PPE、资质批准属地负责人作业执行开工会,按PTW执行延迟批准交回/暂停重新生效解锁/环境交出关票工作完毕工作未完延时明天继续干共三十五页工具箱会议(huy) Tool Box Talk 在工具箱会议上，值班工长会在工作开始前对其工人(gng rn)进行一个十（10）分钟长的安全讲话。他会选择一两个有关正在进行的现场活动的具体话题，并强调危害和预防措施。 话题包括高空作业、违规、能源隔离、环境条件、梯子的正确使用、硫化氢等

11、。 工具箱会议是工作前一个重要的安全提示和警示。18安全设备位置Safety Equipment Location包括： 消防设备：灭火器、消防栓、消防水炮、火灾报警按钮、雨淋阀及紧急开关、干粉及泡沫 系统现场控制开关 洗眼器 应急装备：呼吸器、防毒面具、防化服 职卫装备：耳塞、塑胶手套共三十五页压力(yl)检测 Pressure TestingHazards危险Controls控制Rupture (high energy rupture pieces, jets of liquid spraying out)爆裂（高能量爆裂，液体喷出）Test hydraulically whenever

12、possible.在任何可行的时候进行液压检测。Ensure air and gas is completely bled out of a system before it is hydraulically tested.在进行液压检测前，确保已完全排出所有的空气和气体。Ensure that there are no energy reservoirs, such as hydraulic accumulators, in a system before it is tested.在对系统进行检测前，确保其内无能量储存装置，如液压蓄能器。Make sure you know what is

13、 the system pressure and fittings are rated at and that the means you use to pressurize the system will not exceed that pressure.确保清楚明白系统的压力和配件的额定压力各是多少，且用来对系统加压的方法不能超过该压力。Make sure all unauthorized personnel are kept away from the testing area.确保所有未经授权的人员均远离检测区域。Raise the pressure gradually.逐渐缓慢地增加

14、压力。19共三十五页电气(dinq)隔离 Electrical IsolationHazards危险Controls控制Re-introduction of electricity (electric shock)电再引入（电击）All electrical works (including isolation) should be thoroughly planned and carried out by competent electrician.所有的电气作业（包括隔离作业）都应经全面地计划，并由有能力的电工展开。Ensure that the correct point of isol

15、ation is identified and appropriate means of isolation is used.确保找到正确的隔离点，并采用适当的隔离方法。Electric isolation must be secure by using lockout and tagout system to ensure electricity cannot be inadvertently re-introduced into the equipment, machinery or installation.电气隔离须得到上锁挂牌制度的保障，以确保电不会在无意间再次被引入设备、机械或装置

16、。Caution notices should also be applied at the point(s) of isolation.隔离点处也应挂上警示牌。20共三十五页工艺和机械(jxi)隔离Process and Mechanical IsolationHazards危险Controls控制Re-introduction of process fluid (explosion)工艺流体再引入（爆炸）Re-energised of mechanical equipment (injuries from moving parts)机械设备再通电（由移动零件引起的损伤）All isolat

17、ion works should be thoroughly planned and carried out by competent personnel.所有的隔离作业都应经全面地计划，并由有能力的人员展开。Isolation is normally attained by disconnecting and closing off all of the piping leading to or from a vessel; blinding or blanking the pipe at a connection near the tank or vessel; or closing a

18、double set of block valves on the piping, if provided, and opening a bleeder valve between the two closed valves.隔离通常需要断开并堵上引至或引自于某一容器的所有管道；封死罐或容器附近接口处的管道；或关闭管道上的两套隔离阀（如果有的话），并打开这两个已关闭阀门间的放泄阀。Isolation must be secure by using lockout and tagout system to prevent the inadvertent re-introduction of pr

19、ocess fluid or activation of mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatically energized equipment during repair or maintenance.隔离须得到上锁挂牌制度的保障，以防止在设备修理或维护期间无意间再次将工艺流体引入或启动机械设备、液压设备或气动设备。Mechanical hydraulic and pneumatic equipment should be de-energized and have its power source locked or tagged out prior to s

20、tarting work.在开始工作前，应断开机械、液压和气动设备的电源，并将其电源挂牌上锁。Valve closing lines which are being worked on, or which are isolated, should also be locked out or tagged to prevent unauthorized opening.有人作业的或被隔离开的阀门已关闭的管线也应挂牌或上锁，以防止未经授权的人员打开。Caution notices should also be applied at the point(s) of isolation.隔离点处也应挂

21、上警示牌。21共三十五页移动(ydng)设备 Mobile EquipmentHazards危险Controls控制General一般All mobile equipment shall be periodically inspected, certified and maintained to ensure safe operation.所有移动设备应经定期检查、认证和维护，以确保能安全运行。Mobile equipment must be inspected to ensure they are in safe and serviceable conditions before being

22、 allowed to bring into site.移动设备在许可入场前须经检查，以确保其处于安全且可用的状态。Hand tools (material fracture, falling object and trip)手工工具（材质断裂、掉落、绊倒）Hand tools should be manufactured from best materials and produced by reputable tool companies to ensure tools quality and durability.手工工具应由最好的材质制造并由声誉好的工具公司生产，以确保工具的质量和耐用

23、性。Hand tools should be kept in container to prevent lost and scattering around work site, which increase falling object and trip hazards.手工工具应存放在工具箱中，以防止丢失和乱堆乱放于工作场所周围（这会增加工具掉落或绊倒人员的危险）。Power tools (electric shock, injury due to moving parts)电动工具（电击、由移动零件引起的损伤）Electrical safety including temporary p

24、ower and or portable power tools, must be inspected by a competent electrician and deemed safe to use and all portable leads and electrical tools to be fitted with industrial waterproof plugs.电气安全包括临时电源和/或便携式电动工具，须由有能力的电工进行检查并由其断定是否安全可用。此外，所有的电线和电动工具须配有工业用防水插头。Emergency stops must always be operable

25、. Emergency stop buttons should be coloured bright red.紧急停止须随时可用，且紧急停止按钮应采用鲜红色。22共三十五页Pneumatic tools (expelled projectiles, hand injury)气动工具（附件冲出、手伤）All compressed air hoses must have standard hose couplings and jock-pins fitted.所有的压缩空气软管须配有标准的软管接头和管脚插孔。On all pneumatic impact tools, safety clips o

26、r retainers should be securely installed to prevent attachments from being accidentally expelled.所有的气动工具上应牢固地装上保险夹或护圈，以防止附件突然冲出。When the wrench is operating, readmit lock spanners must be located against the work piece to prevent movement.当使用扳手时，必须用锁紧式扳手紧紧固定住工作件，以防止其移动。Grinding tools (electric shock

27、, material fracture, injury due to moving parts)研磨工具（电击、材质断裂、由移动零件引起的损伤）Protection guards must be in place whenever applicable.适用时，防护罩须放在正确的位置。All personnel must wear impact resistant goggles or face shields before use.所有人员在使用前须佩戴防冲击护目镜或面罩。Never force object against the wheel as it may cause the whe

28、el to burst.绝不将物体紧压在轮子上，因为这会使轮子爆裂。23共三十五页受限空间(kngjin)进入Confined Space EntryHazards危险Controls控制Hazardous services危险服务Removal of a valve, spool piece, an expansion joint in piping leading to, and as close as practicable to, the confined space and blanking or capping the open end of the piping leading

29、to the confined space.拆除引至受限空间和引至尽可能靠近受限空间处的管道上的阀门、短管、膨胀节，以及封堵或盖上引至受限空间的管道的开口端。Insertion of a suitable full-pressure spade (blank) in piping between the flanges as close as practicable to the confined space.在离受限空间尽可能近的法兰间的管道内插入合适的耐压盲板。Isolation by means of closing and locking, or closing and tagging

30、, or both, of at least two valves (double block and bleed valves are not acceptable here) in the piping leading to the confined space.通过对引至受限空间的管道内的至少两个阀门（不包括双隔离阀和放泄阀）进行关闭和闭锁、或关闭和上牌、或两者结合的操作进行的隔离。Moving parts within confined space受限空间内的移动零件The person entering the confined space or a competent person

31、 authorized in writing should place a lock and tag, or both, on the open circuit breaker open isolating switch supplying electric power to equipment with hazardous moving parts.进入受限空间的人员或有书面授权的有能力的人员应给带有危险移动零件的设备供电的敞开式断路器开启式隔离开关进行上锁操作或挂牌操作或两种操作。Spare keys should not be accessible except in cases of

32、emergency.除紧急情况外，不宜取用备用钥匙。Where a power source cannot be controlled readily or effectively, a belt or other mechanical linkage should be disconnected and tagged.在无法轻易地或有效地对电源进行控制的地方，应断开并标记皮带或其他机械联动装置。Lock moveable components and tagged switches, clutches or other controls to indicate a person is in

33、the confined space.闭锁移动部件并标记开关、离合器或其他控制设备，以示受限空间内有人存在。24共三十五页Hidden contaminants within confined space受限空间内的隐藏污染物All regimes of inspection for confined spaces should include measures to detect the occurrence of these latent contaminations conditions. When such conditions are detected, appropriate co

34、ntrol measures should be taken to remove the hazard or reduce the level of risk in the confined space.受限空间的所有检测制度应包括检测是否存在潜在污染情况的措施。当检测到有污染情况存在时，应采取适当的控制措施以消除受限空间内的危害或降低风险级别。Oxygen deficiency缺氧Ventilation of a confined space should be by natural, forced or mechanical means to establish and maintain

35、a safe atmosphere. This ventilation should be continued throughout the period of occupancy.应通过自然通风、强制通风或机械通风的方式对受限空间进行通风处理，以建立并维持一个安全的环境。持续通风应贯穿受限空间整个占用期。25共三十五页夜间(y jin)作业 Working at NightHazards危险Controls控制Low visibility (fall, collision, hot surface, electric shock etc)低能见度（摔倒、碰撞、灼热表面、电击等）Increas

36、e visibility (Retro-reflective clothing, flashing lights on body/clothing, retro-reflective tape on equipment, good work area lighting).提高能见度（穿反光衣服、身上或衣服上配手电筒、设备上放置反光带、工作区域提供良好照明）Know your surroundings (assigned work areas, safe paths to/from work locations, on foot - watch out for equipment, on equ

37、ipment - watch for workers).了解环境（指定工作区域、前往/离开工作地点的通道、脚下注意设备、设备上注意工人）Provide clear signage (position signs for best visibility, use changing message/arrow signs, space drums, cones closer, proper lighting, contrast work lights from warning lights).提供清楚的标志（位置标志要有最好的能见性、采用变化的信息/箭头符号、警示桶, 锥筒、适当的照明、明显不同的

38、工作灯和警报灯）26共三十五页油和化学品泄漏(xilu) Oil & Chemicals SpillsRemember the following 4 C for action:谨记下列的4C措施：Control, stops the loss if safe to do so.控制，在安全情况下阻止泄漏。Contain, minimize the spread of the spill抑制，最大限度(xind)地缩小泄漏扩散范围Cleanup, recover the spill using appropriate equipment.清理，使用适当设备回收泄漏物Communicate, c

39、omplete an incident report form.沟通，完整填写事件报告表Priority should be given to protecting non-hardstand areas, drains, and external areas of the plant.应优先保护非硬质地面区域，排水沟和工厂的外部区域。27共三十五页气体(qt)泄漏 Gas Escape 较少量压缩气体泄漏指漏出的气体量少、速慢且可控，而且对人体造成身体伤害或致使人体中毒的风险性较低。当发生较少量压缩气体泄漏时，执行以下步骤。Notify people in the area of the detected leak.通知处于泄漏区域内的人Notify supervisor and HSE department of the incident.向主管和HSE部门报告该事件Wear app