M2U1Grammar--现在完成时

1、1.Present Perfect Tense2.Present Perfect Continuous TenseM2U1 、现在完成时 1.现在完成时的构成 2.现在完成时的用法、现在完成进行时 1.现在完成进行时的构成 2.现在完成进行时的用法、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较learning objects1.现在完成时的构成：主动式:have/has done被动式:have/has been done1. Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时The boy _(catch)a bird. He is very happy.has caughtLook, the wi

2、ndow is open. Eric _(open) the window.has opened现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的动作，或某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just, already, before, yet, never, ever, lately, recently等状语连用。小结：现在完成时用法1-已完成、影响性用法 already:用于肯定句;yet:用于否定和疑问句Ex:A:Have you_ been to New York?B: No, I havent been to New York_. But I will go to New Y

3、ork this summer.A:Im sure youll like it.Hey, do you know that my family have owned a plane_1920.B:I dont believe your family have had a plane_ over 80 years.A:In fact, you have seen it in the sitting room_.B:Yes,I have_ noticed it.But I have seen it many times.Its only a model.eversinceforalreadyyet

4、justonce/twice/three times/ yet, ever, recently/lately, since, for, already, just现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如： for和since， so far, up to now, today, until/till, this week (month, year) during /over /in the past few years (weeks, months) 现在完成时用法2-未完成用法小结：Fil

5、l in the blanks:. a. She has learnt English 3 years.b. She has learnt English 3 years ago.c. They have lived here _1990.forsincesince I (see) her so far. What _ (happen) to the USA in the past 35 years?havent seen has happened他死了3年了。He has been dead for 3 years /since 3 years ago.带for和since的陈述句，肯定不能

6、用瞬间动词，但是否定可以I havent buy anything for a long time.For +一段时间Since+ 时间点他吸烟有3年了。He has smoked for 3 years.It is /has been 3 years since he began to smoke.since + 瞬间动词 本意 延续性动词 反义It is /has been 3 years since he smoked.自从他不吸烟已经3年了。Eric _ the door just now.I _ the film.I _ the film last week.openedhave s

7、eensawTip1:现在完成时的时间状语都是表示时间不明确或不重要的词有明确时间，用一般过去时 I went to Egypt in 1986. I went to Egypt in 2004. I _ (be) to Egypt twice. have beenTip2: 去过某地have/has been to去了某地have/has gone to现在完成时可过去发生过一次或多次的情况，也可以说是一种经历。现在完成时用法3-经验性用法I havent seen anything so beautiful in my life.小结：1)是第几次做This (That/It) is th

8、e first (second) time + that-clause This is the first time that I _ (see) pandas2 ) 是唯一的This (That/It) is the only time + that-clause It is the only time that I_ (travel )abroad.3)是最的This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that-clause. It is the most delicious food that I _(taste)have

9、 seenhave traveledhave tasted现在完成时句型4)自从有多长时间了It is/has been +时间段+since+ 一般过去时Its 10 years since Tom left.5) 在时间/条件状语从句中，强调动作先完成Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.I cant go to bed until I have finished the homework.Present Perfect Continuous Tense现在完成进行时1现在完成进行时的构成have/has been doing 无被动形式现在完

10、成进行时用法1现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到现在并仍在继续之中.CCTV has been broadcasting English programs since 1984. 1984futurenowbroadcastbroadcast小结： The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now. The boy _ (have) dinner since five minutes ago. has been havingThe man started working in the fi

11、eld half an hour ago. He is still working now.The man _ (work) in the field for half an hour. has been working现在完成进行时用法2:现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到说话时刚结束，并在某种情况下与现在有关联.Mavis started waiting .Kelly arrives.Kelly: Sorry， Im late. Have you been waiting long?Mavis: Yes. Ive been waiting for an hour. an hour agof

12、uturenowwait小结：现在完成进行时用法3: （见讲义2）现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较Tom _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.表示事件或动作刚结束)Tom _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.强调动作仍在进行) has read has been reading比较一：（无时间状语时）I _(travel) to Beijing three times.I _(travel) in Beiji

13、ng for 3 days. have travelled比较二： have been travelling_have you been swimming in the lake?_have you swum in the lake?A. How longB. How many timesAB现在完成时可表示反复发生的动作,提问时一般用 how many times.而现在完成进行时则表示持续的,不间断的动作,提问时用 how long.I have worked here for 10 years.How long have you worked here?1.She has had the

14、 pen for 2 years.2.She has written many compositions withthis pen.3.She has been writing compositions with this pen.state verbaction verbaction verb比较三：现在完成进行时则只能用表示动作的动词(action verb)做谓语其余区别看锦绣前程P8和讲义 ( ) 1.I have never visited America. ( ) 2.I have already been to America ( ) 3.I have never been visitin