unit4Sportsandexploration老师教学提纲

1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。unit4Sportsandexploration老师-Unit4SportsandexplorationLearningObjectivesAttheendoftheunit,studentswillbeableto:knowaboutvariouskindsofsportsitems,suchasvolleyball,hockey,etc;shareinformationaboutsomeworldfamousathletesandtalkabouttheirfavoritesportsactivi

2、ties;familiarizethemselveswithrelativesportreports;masterthekeywordsandexpressionsconcerningsportsandexploration.PartIWarm-upActivitiesADirections:Belowaretherulesofsomeballgames.Pleasematchthemwiththecorrespondingballgames.1.Atnotimeduringthegameshouldtheplayertouchthenet.Apointisaddedtoaplayerssco

3、rewhenhewinsarally.2.Twoteamsofnomorethan11players.Agamecannotstartifeitherteamhaslessthan7players.Thegameisplayedintwohalvesconsistingof45minuteseach.3.Thefirstteamto25pointswinsthegame,butateammustwinbytwopoints.Ateammustwintwooutofthreegamestowinthematch.4.Iftheserverwinsthefirstpoint,he/shegetsa

4、scoreof15.Thefirsttowin6games,bytwo,winstheset.Thefirsttowin2setswinsthematch.football2indoorvolleyball3tennis4badminton1BDirections:Belowaretheintroductionsofsomeextremesports.Pleasematchthemwiththecorrespondingpictures.1:B-surfing2:D-rockclimbing3:C-parkour4:A-bungeejumpingB.Itisasurfacewatersport

5、inwhichthewaveriderridesontheforwardfaceofawaveandoftencarriestheridertowardsshore.Wavessuitableforitarefoundprimarilyintheocean.A.Itisanactivitythatinvolvesjumpingfromatallstructurewhileconnectedtoalargeelasticcord.Whenthepersonjumps,thecordstretchesandthejumperfliesupwardsagainasthecordrecoils,and

6、continuestooscillateupanddownuntilalltheenergyisdissipated.D.Itisanactivityinwhichparticipantsclimbup,downoracrossnaturalrockformationsorartificialrockwalls.Thegoalistoreachthesummitofaformationortheendpointofapre-definedroutewithoutfalling.C.Itisalsocalledasthe“artofdisplacement”.Itisatrainingdisci

7、plinethatdevelopedoutofmilitaryobstaclecoursetraining.Practitionersaimtomovefromoneplacetoanother,negotiatingtheobstaclesinbetween.UsefulWordsandExpressionsgymnastics体操hockey曲棍球marathon马拉松fencing击剑judo柔道waterpolo水球wrestling摔跤polevault撑竿跳skydive高空跳伞rockclimbing攀岩mountainbiking山地自行车运动parkour跑酷运动surfin

8、g冲浪运动bungeejumping蹦极excursion远足trekking跋涉cheeringsection啦啦队WorldChampionship世界锦标赛InvitationalTournament邀请赛all-roundchampion全能冠军strengthenonesphysique增强体质sportscircle体育界darkhorse黑马produceanunexpectedwinner爆冷门sportsmanship体育道德loseonesusualform发挥失常ingoodform竞技状态好draw/tie/playeven/levelthescore达成平局weigh

9、ttraining/weightlifting重量训练outscore比分领先cardiovasculartraining心肺/有氧训练strengthtraining肌力/肌耐力训练treadmill跑步机toshapeyourbody塑身toincreaseonesmetabolism促进新陈代谢toburncalorie燃烧脂肪fitnesscenter健身中心aerobicexercise有氧运动PartIIListeningShort-conversationReadthenewwordsbelowbeforelistening.trimdowncutdown裁减triplets/t

10、riplits/n.三胞胎buddy/bdi:/n.friend;partner朋友；伙伴foul/faul/n.violatingtherules犯规pitch/pit/n.球场tackling/tkli/n.(橄榄球赛中的)擒抱摔倒；（足球中的）阻截铲球oval/uvl/adj.egg-shaped椭圆形fanatical/fntikl/adj.enthusiastic;crazy狂热的；入迷的jittery/ditri:/adj.nervous紧张的A.SundaysRunDirections:ListentoadialoguebetweenAlisonandJuliantalkinga

11、boutSundaysrunandfillinthemissingnumbers.Julianhasbeenrunning3timesaweekforover1houreachtimenow.Butsixmonthsago,hewouldonlyrunfor5minutesandalmostcollapsedinexhaustion.Alisondecidedtoruninthismarathonbecauseduringherpregnancy,shegained80pounds.Shegavebirthtoalittleboywhowasborn9pounds,5ounces.Tapesc

12、riptJulian:Hi,Alison.Alison:Oh,hi,Julian.HaveyoubeentraininghardforSundaysrunforacureforbreastcancer?Julian:Youbet!Ihavebeenrunningthreetimesaweekforoveranhoureachtime.Itsgreat.IcantbelieveIvegottentothispointsoquickly!OnlysixmonthsagoIwouldrunforfiveminutesandalmostcollapseinexhaustion.Alison:Ihear

13、you.IdecidedtoruninthismarathonbecauseIneededamotivatortogetmyselfbackintosharp.DuringmypregnancyIgainedawhoppingeightypoundsandImstilltryingtotrimdown.Also,Itotallybelieveinthecause.Iknowsomanypeoplewhohavebeentouchedbythedisease.Julian:Wow!Eightypounds!Thatsnuts!Didyouhavetriplets?Alison:No,justab

14、iglittleboy.Hewasborn9pounds,5ouncesHi,Julian,whatinspiredyoutowanttorunthisweekend?Julian:Well,abunchofmyrunningbuddiesthoughtitwouldbeagreatidea.Weallstartedrunningatthesametimeandwhenweheardoneoftheguysmotherwasdiagnosedwithcancer,wethoughtthemarathonwassomethingpositivewecoulddoasagroup.Itshould

15、bealotoffun,andIvebeencollectinglotsofsponsorsfromtheschool.SoIllhopefullymaketonsofmoneyforthecause.Alison:Thatssocool,Julian.Hey,Ivegottodash.IllseeyouatthefinishlineonSunday.B.BallSportsDirections:Listentoadialoguebetweenaboyandagirltalkingaboutthedifferencebetweenfootballandrugby.Matchtherulesto

16、theballgames11players15playersGoalkeepercanusehishands.Playerscancarrytheballandthrowtheballtoteammates,butonlybackwards.Ateamcarriestheballoverthegoalline,theyscorepoints.LessphysicalcontactMorephysicalcontactAroundballisused.Anovalballisused.football:1368rugby:24579TapescriptA:Whatsthedifferencebe

17、tweenfootballandrugby?B:Thosetwogamesarequitedifferent.First,theresthesizeoftheteams.Infootballateamhas11players.Inrugbythereare15playersoneachteam.Thebiggestdifferenceisthatinfootball,onlythegoalkeepercanusehishands.Inrugby,theballisusuallycarriedforwardbyplayers,thoughkickingispermitted.A:Inrugby,

18、playerspasstheballbythrowingittoteammates,dontthey?B:Thatsright.However,playerscanonlypasstheballbackwards.Theycannotpasstheballforwardstotheirteammates.Thatsafoul.A:Iknowhowgoalsarescoredinfootball,buthowaboutinrugby?B:Ifateamcarriestheballoverthegoalline,theyscorepoints.Ateamcanalsoscorepointsbyki

19、ckingtheballbetweentwoballpostsateachendofthepitch.A:Theresalotmorephysicalcontactinrugby,isntthere?B:Yes.Playersusuallyneedtobringaplayerdowntostophimfrommovingforwardwiththeball.Thisiscalled“tackling”,asinfootball.A:Theballisadifferentshapeinrugby,isntit？B:Yes.Itsnotperfectlyroundlikeafootball.Aru

20、gbyballisovalinshape.TheresamatchonTVthisafternoon.Whydontyouwatchitwithme?Iwilltrytoexplaintherulesandtacticswhilewerewatching.A:Ok.C.ExerciseAddictDirections:ListentoadialoguebetweenYaelandDonaaboutexerciseaddict.Fillinthemissinginformation.DonInprettygoodshape.Heswimsandgotothegymalmosteveryday.E

21、njoyworkoutbutnotfanaticalaboutit.Itsjusthisdailyroutine.YaelPeoplewhofeelguiltywhentheymissaworkoutandhavetodophysicalexerciseevenifitinterfereswithotherpartsoftheirlifeareaddictedtoexercise.Exerciseaddictcandisruptpeopleslifebecausetheygetsocommittedtoworkingoutthattheywillevenskipworkandschool.It

22、isnothealthybutbecomesaproblem.TapescriptYael:HeyDon,youreinprettygoodshape,right?Don:Iguess.Yael:SoyouprobablyworkoutDon:Well,IswimandgotothegymprettymucheverydayWhy?Yael:Itsjustthatsomepeoplecanbecomeaddictedtoexercisetothepointwhereitdoesmoreharmthangood.Don:IdontthinkImaddictedYael:Doyoufeelguil

23、tywhenyoumissaworkout?Doyoufeelthatyouhavetogettothegymnomatterwhat,evenifitinterfereswithotherpartsofyourlife?Don:Ienjoygoingtothegym,butImnotthatfanaticalaboutit.Itsjustpartofmydailyroutine.Yael:Thatsgood.Becauseexerciseaddictioncandisruptyourlife.First,exercisingtoomuchcanwearyoudownandsapyourene

24、rgy.Andsomepeoplegetsocommittedtoworkingoutthattheyllskipworkandschooltohitthegym.Theygetanxiousandjitteryiftheycantgetinthatfivemilerunorliftweightsorwhatever.Don:Wow.Thatsoundsasbadasabeingaddictedtodrugs.Yael:Itsnotthatdifferent.Butbecausewegenerallyencourageexerciseandseeitasagoodthing,itcanbeha

25、rdtoknowifyouhaveaproblem.Ifworkingoutisaregularpartofyourlife,thengreat.Anydoctorwilltellyouthatitsimportanttostayfit.Butwhenexerciseisyourlife,thatsnothealthyitsaproblem.HowtoGettheMostoutofaWorkoutReadthenewwordsbelowbeforelistening.diabetes/daibi:tis,-ti:z/n.医糖尿病；多尿症osteoporosis/stiup:rusis/n.医骨

26、质疏松症cholesterol/klestrl/n.胆固醇endorphin/end:fin/n.医内啡肽（体内产生的一种镇痛作用的荷尔蒙）aerobic/erubik/adj.有氧的，有氧健身的cardio/ka:diu/n.exercisesthatcanstrengthentheheartandshapethebody,suchasrunning,cycling,swimming,etc.有氧运动ADirections：Inthissectionyouwillhearadialogueabouthowtogetthemostoutofaworkout.Listentothedialogu

27、eandanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Howdopeopleloseextraweightgainedduringthewinter?Dietandexercise2)Howimportantisphysicalexercise?Itimprovesyourappearanceandhealth,andhelpstoreducetheriskofsomedisease.Whatsthebenefitofthereleaseofendorphins?Itcanreducethefeelingsofpainandalsohelppeoplefeelmorehappya

28、ndpeaceful.BDirections:Listentothedialogueagainandfillintheblanks.TheC.D.C.definesphysicalactivityasanythingthatgetsyourbodymoving.And,itsaystherearetwoseparate,butequallyimportantkindsofphysicalactivity.1)Aerobicorcardioexercisegetsyourheartrategoingfasterand2)increasesyourbreathing.Someexamplesare

29、activitieslikewalkingatanincreasedspeed,dancing,swimmingor3)ridingabicycle.Muscle-strengtheningactivitieshelpbuildand4)strengthenmusclegroupsinthebody.Thiskindofexerciseincludesthingslikeliftingweights,ordoingsit-upsandpush-ups.Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,expertssayadultsshouldgetatleasttwoanda

30、halfhoursofaerobicexerciseeachweek.More5)intenseactivitiesreducethesuggestedamountoftimetoonehourandfifteenminutes.Examplesareplayingbasketball,swimmingand6)distancerunning.EarlieradvicefromtheC.D.C.saidpeopleneedtoexercisethirtyminuteseachdayforatleastfivedaystogetthe7)healthbenefitsofexercise.More

31、recentresearchsuggestedthatthosegainsarethesamewhetheryouexerciseforshortperiodsoverfivedaysor8)longersessionsovertwoorthreedays.Inaddition,thenewersuggestionssayanyexerciseplanshouldincludeatleasttwodaysof9)muscletraining.Eachexerciseperiodshouldbeatleasttenminuteslong.Thetotalamountofactivityshoul

32、dbespreadoveratleastthreedaysthroughouttheweek.Mostimportantly,expertssaypeopleshouldchoosephysicalactivitiesthattheyfindfun.Thishelpstoguaranteethat10)theystaywiththeprogram.TapescriptFAITHLAPIDUS:FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeattheseaoralake.Butbeforegoinganywhere,theyma

33、ywanttoloseanyextraweightgainedduringthewinter.So,wheredoesonegetstarted?Dietissurelyimportant,butdietalonewillnotdomuchgoodwithoutanexerciseplan.Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivity.Exercisenotonlyimprovesyourappearance.Itcanalsoimproveyourhealth.Exercisehelpstoreducetheriskofs

34、omediseases.Theyincludeheartdisease,stroke,type-twodiabetes,osteoporosisandevensomekindsofcancer.BOBDOUGHTY:TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaysheartdiseaseistheleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates.Intwothousandsix,heartdiseasekilledmorethansixhundredthirtythousandAmericans.Highbloodpressure

35、andhighcholesterollevelsinbloodcanincreaseyourriskofheartdisease.Medicalexpertssaybothcanbereducedthroughnormalexercise.Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins.Thesechemicalsreducefeelingsofpain.Theyalsohelppeoplefeelmorehappyandpeaceful.Thereissomedebateaboutexactlywhatcausesthe

36、braintoreleaseendorphins.Someexpertsbelieveitistheactofexercisingitself.Otherssayitisthefeelingonegetsfromhavingmetanexercisegoal.Eitherway,thetwothingsworktogetherwhenitcomestoimprovingonesemotionalhealth.FAITHLAPIDUS:Surprisingly,exerciseimprovesyourenergylevelsbyincreasingtheflowofbloodtotheheart

37、andbloodvessels.Oneofthemainreasonspeopleexerciseistocontrolorreducetheirweight.Physicalactivityburnscaloriestheenergystoredinfood.Themorecaloriesyouburn,theeasieritistocontrolorreduceyourweight.Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink.

38、Twoyearsago,theCentersforDiseaseControlreleaseditsfirsteverPhysicalActivityGuidelinesforAmericans.Thereportincludedsuggestionsforyoungpeople,adults,disabledpersonsandthosewithlong-termhealthproblems.Oneofthemajorideasnotedinthereportisthatsomeactivityisbetterthannone.Soifyouarenotdoinganything,nowis

39、thetimetogetstarted.BOBDOUGHTY:TheC.D.C.definesphysicalactivityasanythingthatgetsyourbodymoving.And,itsaystherearetwoseparate,butequallyimportantkindsofphysicalactivity.Aerobicorcardioexercisegetsyourheartrategoingfasterandincreasesyourbreathing.Someexamplesareactivitieslikewalkingatanincreasedspeed

40、,dancing,swimmingorridingabicycle.Muscle-strengtheningactivitieshelpbuildandstrengthenmusclegroupsinthebody.Thiskindofexerciseincludesthingslikeliftingweights,ordoingsit-upsandpush-ups.FAITHLAPIDUS:Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,expertssayadultsshouldgetatleasttwoandahalfhoursofaerobicexerciseeach

41、week.Moreintenseactivitiesreducethesuggestedamountoftimetoonehourandfifteenminutes.Examplesareplayingbasketball,swimminganddistancerunning.EarlieradvicefromtheC.D.C.saidpeopleneedtoexercisethirtyminuteseachdayforatleastfivedaystogetthehealthbenefitsofexercise.Morerecentresearchsuggestedthatthosegain

42、sarethesamewhetheryouexerciseforshortperiodsoverfivedaysorlongersessionsovertwoorthreedays.Inaddition,thenewersuggestionssayanyexerciseplanshouldincludeatleasttwodaysofmuscletraining.Eachexerciseperiodshouldbeatleasttenminuteslong.Thetotalamountofactivityshouldbespreadoveratleastthreedaysthroughoutt

43、heweek.Mostimportantly,expertssaypeopleshouldchoosephysicalactivitiesthattheyfindfun.Thishelpstoguaranteethattheystaywiththeprogram.3AntarcticExplorationReadthenewwordsandphrasebelow.admiral/dmrl/n.海军将领；舰队司令provision/prvin/n.astoreorsupplyofsomething(especiallyoffoodorclothingorarms)物资christen/krisn

44、/命名apex/eipeks/n.thehighestpoint;thevertex最高点；顶点parka/p:k/n.ahoodedfurpulloveroutergarmentwornintheArctic毛皮风雪大衣，派克大衣：一种在北极地区穿的带风帽的皮外衣trimotor/traimut/n.三发动机(由三个发动机发动的飞机)homage/hmid/n.respectfuldeference敬意deceased/disi:st/adj.dead已故的toss/ts/v.throwwithalightmotion扔mishap/mishp/n.disaster灾祸ADirections

45、:InthissectionyouwillhearapassageaboutAntarcticexploration.Listenandanswerthefollowingquestions.1)WhendidByrdflyovertheNorthPole?In1926.2)WhatstheaveragetemperatureofAntarcticintheinterior?-70degreesFahrenheit.3)DuringwhichperioddoesthesunneversetinAntarctic?FromlateSeptembertolateMarch.BDirections:

46、Listentothepassageagain.Completethesummary.AdmiralRichardE.ByrdwasthefirsttoflyovertheNorthPole1)accompaniedbypilotFloydBennett.In1928,hegainedareputationtobethe2)firsttoflyovertheSouthPole.Antarcticisthe3)coldestcontinentonearthwithaverylowtemperatureintheinterior.4)Dayandnightdontexistinit.Tosurvi

47、vethisextremeclimate,theyworeparkas,pantsandbootsmadefromreindeerhide.Inthelate1920s,mostofAntarcticwas5)unexplored.OnNovember.28th,1929,theysetoffinaplanetheFloydBennett,whichis6)namedafterhisdeceasedco-pilotFloydBennett.AstheyflewclosetotheSouthPole,theyhavetouseasuncompassfordirection.Whentheyfle

48、wintomountainranges,theyhaveto7)throwmanythingsinordertoflyhigher.TheyreachedtheSouthPoleaftermidnight.Theyspentabout19hoursonthetrip.Inthefollowingyears,hemadefourmoreexpeditionstotheregion8)inthenameofScienceandExploration.TapescriptIn1928,AdmiralRichardE.Byrdembarkedonanexpeditiontobethefirsttofl

49、yovertheSouthPole.TotheAmericanpublic,Byrdhadgainedareputationasanaviationpioneerandanexplorerofextremelands.Hedbeencreditedin1926withbeingthefirsttoflyovertheNorthPole,accompaniedbypilotFloydBennett.Byrdandacrewof42mensailedaboardatNewYorkandlandedatanareaknownastheRossIceShelf.Theycarriedprovision

50、sfor15monthsandsetupabasetheychristenedLittleAmerica.Antarcticaisthecoldestcontinentonearth,withanaveragetemperatureofminus70degreesFahrenheitintheinterior.Inthisfrigidland,dayandnightdontexist.InlateSeptember,daybreaksoverthelandandthesungraduallyrisesuntilithitsitsapexaroundDecember21st,thenbegins

51、toset.FromlateMarchon,thecontinentexperiencesperpetualnight.Tosurvivethisextremeclimate,Byrdscrewtooktheircuesfromnativesofthearctic.Theyworeparkas,pantsandbootsmadefromreindeerhide.Byrdhimselfwaspartialtohispairofpolarbearpants.Inthelate1920s,mostofAntarcticaremainedunexplored.AndByrdaimedtofillint

52、helargetracksofunknownonthemapbyflyingoverthemanlessplains.HisexplorationclaimedlargetracksoftheAntarcticfortheUnitedStates.OnNovember28th,1929,theysetoffforthemaingoaloftheSouthernpoleinaheavily-laden,4-trimotoraeroplane,theFloydBennett,ahomagetohisdeceasedco-pilotandfriend.BeingsoclosetotheSouthPo

53、le,theirmagneticcompasseswereuseless,sotheyreliedonasuncompassfordirection.TheyflewacrosstheRossIceShelfandintomountainranges.Attimestheforcefulaircurrentstossedtheplanelikeacork,weightwasalwaysaconcern:thelightertheplane,thehigheritcouldfly.Atonepoint,theythrewoverboard300poundsoffood,andnumerousfu

54、elcontainerstoclearan11000-footmountainpass.Justaftermidnight,theyreachedtheSouthPole,whereByrddroppedasmallAmericanflag,andtheyreturnedtobase.Theyspentabout19hoursonthetripandincrediblywithnomishaps.Throughouthislife,theAntarcticahadaholdonAdmiralByrd.Inthefollowingdecades,hewouldmake4moreexpeditio

55、nstotheregioninthenameofScienceandExploration.4SwimmingADirections:Youwillhearareportaboutswimming.Whilelisteningforthefirsttime,writedownsomekeywordsinthenotescolumn.NotesbesttimeofswimmingpropersupervisionBDirections:Youwillhearareportaboutswimming.Listenanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretr

56、ueorfalse.1)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,aboutaquarterofadultsintheUKcantswim.(F)2)Thebesttimeforapersontolearnswimmingiswhenhe/sheisatleastatoddler.(F)3)Evenafterbabiesareborn,theystillwillfeelnaturaltobeunderthewater.(T)4)DivingdownforbricksandgoingthroughhoopsaretwomethodssuggestedbyswimmingteacherVi

57、ckiCartertomakeswimmingfun.(T)5)In2007,theSlovenianswimmerMartinStrelSwam4268kilometersandbroketheworldrecordforlong-distanceswimming.(F)TapescriptRob:Todayweretalkingaboutswimming.Now,Callum,howoldwereyouwhenyoustartedtoswim?Callum:Isuppose,beforeten.BeforeIwasten,Ithink.Rob:Quiteyoung.Callum:Yes.R

58、ob:Well,swimmingisaverypopularactivityintheUK.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,oneinfiveadultsintheUKcannotswim.Whatsmore,millionsofchildrenintheUKcantswimalengthofapool.Ithinkmostpeoplerecognisethatswimmingisveryimportantforsafetyandgoodforfitness.Butmaybesomepeoplewerentintroducedtothewaterearlyenoughandt

59、heydonthavetheconfidencetostartswimminglaterinlife.Inamomentwellhearfromsomepeoplewhocoachswimmingforadultsandchildren,butfirstIhavethisweeksquestionforyou,Callum.Callum:thoughtyoumight.Rob:In2007,theSlovenianswimmerMartinStrelbrokehisownworldrecordforlong-distanceswimming.Butwhatdistancedidheswim?W

60、asit:a)3,268kilometresb)4,268kilometresc)5,268kilometresCallum:4,268kilometres.Isaythat.ButIreallydontknow.Rob:OK,well,wellseeifyourerightattheendoftheprogramme.FirstletshearfromtheBBCreporterSophievanBrugen.Shewenttoaswimmingpooltofindoutmoreaboutswimmingclassesforadultsandchildren.Letshavealistent