医学英语翻译与写作：ch3 Equivalence and Flexibility in Translation

1、Chapter 3 Equivalence and Flexibility in Translation Equivalence and Flexibility in Translation To understand equivalent translation correctlyLiteral translation and free translationConcretion and abstractionNegative translation and reverse translationEquivalent TranslationDynamic equivalence is a q

2、uality of a translation in which the message of the original text has been so transported into the receptor language that the response of the receptor is essentially like that of the original receptors. Eugene A Nida, The Theory and Practice of TranslationIt seeks to make the same impact without reg

3、ard to the form of the original language.Equivalent Translation“There is always some loss in the communication process, for sources and receptors never have identical linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The translators task, however, is to keep such loss at a minimum” (de Waard & Nida)Equivalent Tr

4、anslationExercises in class:The woman patient has been a widow only six months. Acute and subacute hepatic necrosis more often complicates hepatitis in the elderly.The illness quickly responded to treatment.If a tumour is palpable, the disease is often too advanced to be treated radically.Literal tr

5、anslation and free translationExercises in class:Medical science, as a branch of science, needs no special ethics.He is dead, as you stand here. Influenza has been with us a long, long time.A cancer spreads its own seeds which plant themselves in other parts of the body.The skill of the surgeon leav

6、es nothing to be desired.Concretion and abstractionExercises in class:An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.Cancer of the uterus involves the body of the organ in about 1 in 7 cases.Foods adequate in kind and amount during the pregnant months are very important to the health of both present and future generations.Negative translation and reverse translationExercises in class:Many mild cases are observed in which fever is low and of short duration.The disease can affect any ages and the highest incidence is in the young and middle age groups.Through this membr