书面表达之议论文解题指导讲稿资料

1、书面表达之议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非，确定其观点正确或错误，树立或否定某种主张。近年的书面表达中，主要命题形式是以表格式和提纲式来呈现写作材料的。知识梳理论点，论据和论证是议论文的三要素，论点是作者对所论问题所持的见解和主张；论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据；论证就是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说，议论文每段应有主题句来确定论点。结尾提出自己的看法、意见或建议，表示对某一现象或论点的赞成或反对。议论文的结构一般较为固定，通常包括以下三部分：1. 在导语部分提出需要讨论的主题；2. 在正文部分对所提出的问题进行论证；3. 在结

2、论部分对以上的讨论进行总结和归 纳。1.首段：1)Manystudentshavebeenfacedwiththe problemof2)Recentlytheproblemhasbeenbroughtinto focus.3) Recentlythephenomenonhasbecomea heatedtopic.4) Recentlytheissuehasarousedgreat concernamong5) Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover6) Facedwith,quiteafewpeopleargue that7) Accordingtoarece

3、ntsurvey,8) Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy/ society,9) Recentlyweheld (havehold) adiscussion whether.10)Whenitcomesto,(当说到)2. 第二段首句：Asisknowntoall, play(s) animportantpart/role inourdailylife/ modernsociety.However,differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsSomepeople/Themajorityofthestudentsthink it(is)

4、agoodidea/important/useful/convenientforsomebody（根据题意改人称）todoOthersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue 列举观点:Obviouslyhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages. ./ However, aseverycoinhastwosides, hasitsdisadvantages两个论据：ononehand+1+ontheotherhand2.或isonethingisanother三个以上：Firstly,/tobeginwith+Secondly/

5、furthermore,Finally/lastbutnottheleast,注意：表明各方观点时常用一般现在时态。3. 结论陈述自己观点:Thereisprobablysometruthinbothargumentsstatements, butAsfarasImconcerned/Personally/Asforme/inmyopinion/Personallyspeaking(尽量避免使用Ithink).总结全文:inone/aword, generallyspeaking, toconclude提出解决办法：1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,we cand

6、rawtheconclusionthat2)Itishightimethatwe should take measures to3) Weshouldtakemeasuresto4)Wedbettertakeeffectivemeasuresto prevent5)Thegovernmentdecidedtotakestrong measuresagainst6)Itisnecessarythatstepsshouldbetakento7) Inconclusion,itisimportantthat8) Tosolvetheabove-mentionedproblem, wemust9) I

7、nsummary,ifwecontinuetoignorethe issue,moreproblems willcomeup.10) Takingalltheseintoaccount,we问题解决型 对某一问题/话题进行分析，找出解决办法, 表达自己的看法。第一段：Nowadays, wehavetofaceaproblemthatNowadays, moreandmorepeople areconcernedabouttheproblem thatItisimportantforusto写作模板第二段：Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolve the prob

8、lemConfrontedwith(问题), we should take a seriesofeffectivemeasures tocopewiththesituationFirstly, _ (方法一)Secondly, _ (方法二)第三段： Personally, Ibelievethat_ (我的方法) Tome, Iamtakingtwowaystosolve the problemof(问题) Oneofthemis_ (我的方法) Theotherwayis _ (方法二) Bynowwayshavebeenworkingperfectlyand efficiently (结

9、果)2)Inconclusion/ Inaword/ Tosumup/ In summary/ Obviously/ Itsclearthat/ Its nodoubt that对比选择型 不同观点对比，列举理由，自己的观点。第一段：Somepeopletendtothinkthat _(观点一)Theypointoutthat _ (理由一)Additionally, _ (理由二)Acaseinpointis _ (举例)Therefore _ (小结)第二段：Onthecontrary, otherpeopleholdtheviewThat _ (观点二)Theyarguethat _

10、(理由一)Whatsmore _ (理由二)Asanillustration, _ (举例)Accordingly, _ (小结)第三段：AsfarasIamconcerned, (Ithink)_ (我的观点)Thereasonisthat _ (理由一)Andalso, _ (理由二)So, _(总结自己的观点)说明利弊型某观点/现象有利 (列举好处), 也有弊(列举弊端), 应如何正确对待。第一段：某观点/现象有利 (列举好处)Wheneverwehearpeoplesaythat _ (主题) wellinstantlyhavetheideathatitisagoodbadthingf

11、or_ (某人)Indeed, _ (主题) haveadvantagesto _ (某人)Wecantake _ (举例) asanexampleItwillbenefit _ (好处一)Inaddition _ (好处二)第二段：也有弊 (列举弊端)Inthemeantime, we must realize wemustrealizethosedisadvantagesof _ (主题)Firstofall, _ (坏处一)Second, _ (坏处二)第三段：如何正确对待Tosumuptheabovearguments，Ithinkaproperattitudetowards _ (主

12、题)isthat _ (我的观点)阐述主题型第一段：Afamoussayinggoesthat _ (名言或谚语).Itmeansthat _ (释义).Anexampleofthiscaseis _ (举例，解释).第二段：Anothercaseinpointis _ (例二) / Secondly, _第三段：Ilikethesaying_ (名言)whichencourages me _ (理由)常用的连接词和过渡词有：递进：also, and then, too, in addition, furthermore, moreover时间顺序：now, then, before, aft

13、er, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately, soon, next, in a few days, gradually, suddenly, finally空间顺序：near (to), far (from), in front of, behind, beside, beyond, above, below, to the right / left, around, outside比较：in the same way, just like, just as对照：while, but, still, yet, however, on the othe

14、r hand, on the contrary, by contrast, despite, in spite of, even though结果和原因：because, since, so, as a result, therefore, then, thus, otherwise目的：for this reason, for this purpose, so that强调：in fact, indeed, surely, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, above all, most important解释说明：for e

15、xample, in this case总结：finally, at last, in conclusion, in a word, in brief, in short, in general, on the whole, as has been stated并列：and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only . but also, both . and, either . or, neither . nor陈述事实：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

16、你校正在进行“英语读书周”活动。该活动要求学生摘录名言佳句(quote)并相互交流，以下是某同学摘录的句子：“Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you”。请按下列要求用英语写一篇100-120个词的短文：1. 针对摘录句中的观点谈谈你的看法；2. 举例说明理由。注意：短文的开头已给出(不计词数)。真题再现In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us, which goes like this: “Your future de

17、pends on many things, but mostly on you.”I cant agree more with this view. Its true that our future is determined by many things, such as opportunities and help from others, but our own attitude, determination, and hard work play a more important role. In other words, we are the master of our own fu

18、ture. Take Abraham Lincoln, for example. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education in his childhood. Yet through his painstaking efforts, he changed not only his own fate but also the history ofAmerica. Even to this day,Lincolnis regarded as one of the most inspiring figure

19、s in the world. Therefore, I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands. 如今， 选美比赛在青少年中越来越普及， 因此你们班就此开展了一场“Should beauty contests be held among teenagers?” 的讨论， 请你根据下面表格内容写一份总结。实战演练一些同学认为另一部分同学认为1. 爱美之心是人之常情；2. 提供了展示美和欣赏美的平台；3. 提高青少年审美品位， 如在重要场所应如何穿衣。1. 着重外貌，麻木追求外表美；2. 商业化，参与比赛浪费时间和金钱。总结：外貌并非

20、成功的关键，应注重内在美。【写作要求】 1. 只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。2. 文章的开头已给出，不计入总句数。【评分标准】 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。Recently our class has had a heated discussion about whether beauty contests should be held among teenagers. Recently our class has had a heated discussion about whether beauty contests should be held among teenage

21、rs. Some students hold the opinion that love of beauty is part of human nature, so beauty contests not only provide a stage for people to show off their beauty but also a good chance to appreciate beauty. Beauty contests, in their opinion, can help improve teenagers tastes like helping them choose the right for important clothes occasions. 【参考范文】However, other students disagree because they are afraid that most beauty contests focus on cont