句子成分(要)

1、关于句子成分(要的)第一张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月英语句子成分有八种:句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。第二张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月句子成分详解句子成分意义充当词类例句主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子We study in HuangQiao Middle School.谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样动词或动词词组She is dancing under the tree.宾语表示动作行为的对象同主语Both of us like English.表语

2、与联系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特征同主语Her father is a chemist.His words sound reasonable.定语用来修饰名词或代词形，代，数，名, 副，介词短语或句子We have eight lessons every day.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等副词，介词短语或句子He works very hard.They held a party in Hollywood.宾语补足语逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系形容词，名词，介词短语等She always keeps the house clean.

3、主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！第三张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语第四张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月主语(Subject)：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，常位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后。主语可由下列结构表示。During the 1990s, American country music has become more and mor

4、e popular.（名词）2) We often speak English in class.（代词）3) One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）4) The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）5) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）6) Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）7) When we are going to have an English test has not been d

5、ecided.（主语从句）8) It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）第五张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月2. 谓语(Predicate)：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practices running every morning.2) 复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。 You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught

6、a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。 We are students.第六张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月3. 表语(Predicative)：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由下列结构表示。 1) Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）2) Is it yours?（代词）3) The weather has turned cold.（形容词）4) The speech is exciting.（分词）5

7、) Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）6) His job is to teach English.（不定式）7) His hobby is playing football.（动名词）8) The machine must be out of order.（介词短语）9) Time is up. The class is over.（副词）10) The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）第七张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有:be(am,is,are,

8、were,was)状态：seem, appear, prove -感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look变化：become, get, turn, go, come, grow持续：remain, stay, keep,第八张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月4. 宾语(Object)：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）Lend me your dictionary.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补）They elected him their monitor. 1) They went to se

9、e an exhibition yesterday.（名词）2) The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词）3) How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）4) They helped the old with their housework yesterday. （名词化形容词）5) He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语）6) I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）7) I t

10、hink（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）8) He found it hard to solve the problem. （it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式）第九张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月5. 宾语补足语(Object Complement)：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。1) His father named him Dongming.（名词）2) They painted their boat white.（形容词）3) Let the fresh air in.（副词）

11、4) You mustnt force him to lend his money to you. （不定式短语）5) We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）6) We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）7) We will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句）第十张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river.He was last

12、 seen playing near the river.The teacher caught the student cheating in the examThe student was caught cheating in the exam We made him monitor.He was made monitor.He pushed the door open.The door was pushed open.第十一张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月6. 定语(Attribute)：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。 1) Guilin is a beautiful

13、city.（形容词）2) China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词） 3) There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词）4) His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词）5) Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. （不定式短语）6) The teaching plan for next term has been wo

14、rked out. （动名词）7) He is reading an article about how to learn English. （介词短语）8) He has a sister who works in Hong Kong. (定语从句) 第十二张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月7. 状语(adverbial modifier)：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。 1) Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）2) He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词

15、短语）3) He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）4) He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）5) Wait a minute.（名词）6) Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）第十三张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月状语有如下10种： 1) How about meeting again at six?（时间）2) Last night she didnt go to the

16、dance party because of the rain.（原因）3) I shall go there if it doesnt rain.（条件）4) Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点）5) She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式）6) She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随）7)In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. （目的）8) He was so

17、 tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果）9) She works very hard though she is old.（让步）10) I am taller than he is.（比较）第十四张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分 1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese

18、 painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.第十五张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月指出下列句子划

19、线部分是什么句子成分 11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

20、18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.第十六张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.2) He reads newspapers everyday.3) Two and ten is twelve.4) Smoking is harmful to the health.5) To swim in that pool is

21、 a great pleasure.6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.第十七张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月 1) The new term begins on the 1st of September.2) I would like to invite all my friends here. 3) I have tried this way three times. 4) We should pay attention to the English idioms. 5) He is working in the garden.

22、 第十八张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月1)Wangs father is a doctor. （名词）2) He is always careless. （形容词）3) The basketball match is on. （副词）4) All the pupils are on the playground now. （介词短语）5) Our aim is to win more medals. （不定式）6) His work is teaching French. （动名词短语）7) The question is who can really repair the mac

23、hines. （从句）第十九张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月1) Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus.2) The medicine is good for this boy.3) Do you understand what I mean?4) My little sister always likes to ask questions.5) Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow?第二十张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月I found it difficult to finish

24、the task in time.Do you consider it any good sending more people there?We have made it clear that we disagreed. Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus. 第二十一张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月。 Mary is a chemistry teacher. He is our friend. We belong to the third world. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a

25、 lesson.The man over there is my old friend. 第二十二张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. The boys playing football are in Class 2. The trees planted last year are growing well now. I have an idea to do it well. You should do everything that I do. 第二十三张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6

26、月1) She sings quite well. （副词）2) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. （介词短语）3) Arriving there, call me up. 4) The boy needs a pen to do his homework. 5) If I have some spare time, I will take up German.6) He is very handsome. 第二十四张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月 He was elected monitor. She was fou

27、nd singing in the next room. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 第二十五张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月We elected him monitor. （名词） We will make them happy. （形容词） We found nobody in. ( 副词作宾补)Please make yourself at home. （介词短语）Dont let him do that. （省to不定式名词）His father advised him to teach the lazy bo

28、y a lesson. （带to不定式名词）Dont keep the fire burning. （现在分词名词） Ill have my bike repaired. （过去分词名词）第二十六张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。 名词：The boy needs a ball p

29、en./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。 副词：The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。 不定式：The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。 分词（短语）：The smiling boy needs a pen bought by hi

30、s mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的。There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。 The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个。 第二十七张

31、，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月介词短语：In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点）Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件)On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间) 分词（短语）He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态）Having to finish his homework,the boy

32、needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因）Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因） 不定式：The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的）To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 名词：Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语） 第二十八张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月

33、(二) 选出句中谓语（10分， 10分钟） I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus?A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. wi

34、ll be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast第二十九张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月 Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didnt C. do D. his homework What I want to tell you is this.A. want B. to tell C. you D. is We had b

35、etter send for a doctor.A. We B. had C. send D. doctor He is interested in music.A. is B. interested C. in D. music Whom did you give my book to?A. give B.did C. whom D. book第三十张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. Y

36、ou must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. They made him monitor of the class. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum

37、 on the left. You will find it useful after you leave school. They didnt know who Father Christmas really is.第三十一张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月(四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分， 5分钟） The old man was feeling very tired. Why is he worried about Jim? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon They all became interested in the subject.

38、 She was the first to learn about it.第三十二张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟） They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. What is your given name? On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. I am waiting for th

39、e sound of the other shoe!第三十三张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分钟） She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. Did you

40、see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?第三十四张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟） There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box un

41、der her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.第三十五张，PPT共四十一页，创作于2022年6月(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分， 5分钟） Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr Li is going to teach us history ne