《实习指导书》word版

1、电子网络资源与信息检索利用课程实习指导书(研究生、本科生、专科生通用) 内蒙古科技大学文献检索教研室2012年8月前 言电子网络资源与信息检索利用课，是按照学校教学改革的要求，从教学内容到教学方法、教学手段等各方面，对原科技文献检索与利用课加以彻底改造后新开设的一门全校公共必修课。从本质上讲，这是一门方法课、工具课、实践课，实用价值大，实践性强。因此，学生必须在多媒体课堂听课后，运用校园网阅读下载相关讲义纲要；然后通过实习，加强和巩固对所学内容的理解，深入了解各类电子文献、光盘数据库和网络数据库；掌握有关检索工具的编排特点和利用计算机进行电子网络资源检索的基本方法和基本技能；培养、提高信息素质

2、；树立强烈的情报信息意识和开拓创新意识；训练独立从事检索的实际操作和对文献的利用能力，炼就独立获取信息、评论信息和加工利用信息的方法和独立解决问题的能力。一、要求.实习前，对课堂讲授内容认真复习，弄清有关检索工具(数据库系统)的类型、特点、体系、著录格式和使用方法。尽可能参考其它相关内容。（1） 详细阅读实习指导书，按实习指导书的例子分步实习，掌握检索技巧后，选择自己熟悉的课题，进行实践检索，编写成实习报告留存（移动硬盘）。（2） 留存的检索报告可作为考试时的检索资源。条件是四次检索的课题为同一课题。.通过对几种主要常用检索工具（数据库系统）内容特点的了解，获得信息检索的一般性知识。.对检索课

3、题的含义进行认真的分析、研究。明确检索要求，提炼出最能表达课题意思的关键词、主题词等主题概念。.选好检索工具（数据库系统），并明确检索途径、检索方法和检索策略，按步骤进行检索；同时逐项做好记录。.实习结束后，及时整理出实习报告，要做到项目完整，格式正确，内容准确。二、自选课题。三、实习报告内容及要求实习报告格式按下列几项要求完成：1、检索课题名称：2、课题分析：3、选择检索工具：4、构建检索策略：5、简述检索过程：6、整理检索结果：7、标示原文线索：四. 检索示例：（一）利用中文数据库进行文献信息检索示例：1、检索课题名称：阅读疗法干预大学生心理障碍的研究2、课题分析：“阅读疗法”属于本课题中

4、的主体，其应用目标是“大学生心理障碍”的治疗，而“干预”是句法修饰，即“阅读疗法”用于“大学生心理障碍”的治疗自然是“干预”了，故“干预”可不作为检索词，由此得出如下检索词（按其对课题影响程度排序）：中文关键词：1阅读疗法 2大学生 3 心理障碍英文关键词：（1）reading therapy （2）university student （3）mental disorder3、选择检索工具：本课题检索目标为中文各类相关文献。根据本图书馆的资源情况选择如下数据库：（1）CNKI数字图书馆：中国期刊全文数据库（2）万方数据库(会议论文)（3）超星数字图书馆（图书检索）。4、构建检索策略：因“阅读疗

5、法”为课题的主体，应优先检索，“大学生”和“心理障碍”应在检索结果中同时存在。故制定如下检索策略。“（）”表示优先、“*”表示并且。检索算法：（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍时间范围：2005-2008文献范围：期刊论文、会议论文、专著为了保证查全率可考虑使用全文检索途径和高级检索方式。5、简述检索策略调整的过程：1）在CNKI中国期刊全文数据库中（CNKI数据库镜像）：a、为保证查全率，使用“（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍”检索运算式，检索范围选择：所有专辑、全文中检索，检索出记录240条。b、上述检索策略得到的检索结果240条过多，考虑缩小检索范围。改全文检索项为篇名检索。使用“（阅读疗法）

6、*大学生*心理障碍”检索运算式，检索范围选择：所有专辑，篇名中检索，检索出记录1条。C、上述检索策略得到的检索结果1条太少，考虑扩大检索范围。改篇名检索项为关键词检索。使用“（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍”检索运算式，检索范围选择：所有专辑，关键词中检索，检索出记录24条，数量适中。d、检索结果的满意度，可根据检索者的需要不断调整。检索字段的选择，可单一，也可以混编，直至满意。2）万方数据库(会议论文)：a、由于“万方数据库(会议论文)”收录的文献比较单一，为保证查全率，使用“（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍”检索运算式，检索范围选择：全字段中检索，不限定年代，检索出记录0条。b、上述检索策略得

7、到的检索结果0条。考虑检索算式复杂，可简单一些。由于本课题的主体是“阅读疗法”，改用“阅读疗法”单一算式检索，检索出记录4条。c、对于数据库收录的文献少、品种单一的情况，目标文献的相关度可适当放宽，以便获得更多的参考文献。3）超星数字图书馆：A、图书类文献属于成熟类知识，出版的数量少且与课题的相关度低，检索时应尽量扩大检索范围。图书类数据库的著录比较简单，可供检索的字段少且不规范，检索时尽量选用默认字段。使用高级检索中的书名检索，不限定年代。检索式（阅读疗法+大学生+心理障碍），检索出记录0条。B、调整检索策略，改为课题主体检索。用“阅读疗法”单一算式在书名中检索，检索出记录1条。6、整理检索

8、结果：经过上述各个数据库的检索，获得了许多相关文献的信息，对于是否阅读全文还要进一步斟酌。因此，整理检索结果非常重要。根据检索过程，应该获得如下基本文献信息：篇名、著者、著者机构、刊名、年、卷、期、摘要；扩展信息：英文篇名、英文姓名、英文机构译名、英文关键词、英文刊名等。（1）CNKI中国期刊全文数据库有关专辑检索结果（选1条）：阅读疗法对抑郁症疗效的观察【英文篇名】A study of bibliotherapy in the treatment of depression【作者】范文田; 王旸; 徐清芝;【英文作者】FAN Wen-tian; WANG Yang; XU Qing-zhi.

9、 Shandong mental health center; Jinan 250014; China;【作者单位】山东省精神卫生中心; 山东大学医学院;【刊名】中国行为医学科学, Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science, 2006年 04期 【关键词】抑郁症; 阅读疗法;【英文关键词】Depression; Bibliotherapy;【摘要】目的探讨阅读疗法对抑郁症患者的治疗效果。方法将85例抑郁症患者随机分为干预组(41例)和对照组(44例)。干预组在日常药物治疗和相应康复治疗的基础上同时使用阅读疗法进行康复干预研究,对照组仅进行相应的

10、药物治疗及一般的康复治疗。采用24项汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)在干预前后对两组患者分别进行疗效评估。结果干预28d后,干预组和对照组各因子分比干预前均有显著降低(P0.01),各项因子干预前后差异有极显著性,但干预组因子分降低幅度大于对照组,焦虑躯体化降低值(2.461.95)分,(1.001.56)分,P0.01、睡眠障碍降低值(1.001.18)分,(0.231.36)分,P0.001、绝望感降低值(3.021.75)分,(1.501.79)分,P0.01、总分降低值(9.593.91)分,(6.593.01)分,P0.01差异有极显著性。结论阅读疗法对抑郁症患者是一种有效的辅助康复治疗方

11、法。（2）万方数据库检索结果（选1条）：阅读疗法医院图书馆读者服务工作新领域 作者： 蒋萍萍, 杭州市第一人民医院图书馆,杭州市,310006; 俞菲, 杭州市第一人民医院图书馆,杭州市,310006 团体责任者： 会议名称： 中国图书馆学会图书馆委员会第14届学术研讨会暨2006年年会 会议时间： 20061000 会议地点： 昆明 主办单位： 中国图书馆学会 母体文献： 中国图书馆学会医院图书馆委员会第14届学术研讨会暨06年年会论文汇编 出版单位： 出版时间： 20061000 页码： 119-122 分类号： G258.5 ； G251 关键词： 阅读疗法 ； 医院图书馆 ； 读者服务

12、 摘要： 文章介绍了阅读疗法的概念、作用,提出在目前医疗环境下医院图书馆为医务人员开展阅读疗法服务的重要性和必要性,探讨了在医院图书馆实行阅读疗法的可行性及具体实施方法和措施,为医院图书馆读者服务工作开展提供了一个新的领域 数据库名： 中文会议论文全文数据库 （3）超星数字图书馆（选1条）：行为大学生心理障碍的自我超越 作者:杨心德等著页数:244 出版日期:2003年02月第1版主题词:大学生 心理卫生简介:本书内容包括：绪论、认知障碍自我超越、情绪障碍自我超越等。7、标示原文线索：根据检索结果中的信息，应使相关目标文献准确定位，定位的基本条件是：篇名、著者、刊名、年、卷、期。原文线索序号必

13、须与检索结果序号一致，便于回查。（1）阅读疗法对抑郁症疗效的观察【作者】范文田; 王旸; 徐清芝;【作者单位】山东省精神卫生中心; 山东大学医学院;【刊名】中国行为医学科学, 2006年 04期 （2）阅读疗法医院图书馆读者服务工作新领域 作者： 蒋萍萍, 杭州市第一人民医院图书馆,杭州市,310006; 俞菲, 杭州市第一人民医院图书馆,杭州市,310006 会议名称： 中国图书馆学会图书馆委员会第14届学术研讨会暨2006年年会 会议时间： 20061000 会议地点： 昆明 主办单位： 中国图书馆学会 母体文献： 中国图书馆学会医院图书馆委员会第14届学术研讨会暨06年年会论文汇编 出版

14、时间： 20061000 （3）行为大学生心理障碍的自我超越 作者:杨心德等著出版日期:2003年02月第1版(二) 利用网络检索工具与搜索引擎网络检索是利用网络的搜索引擎实现的，由于网络资源处于动态，每次检索的结果都是不同的。本讲实习重点掌握如何整理网络检索结果。为了区别数据库检索，在检索结果和原文线索的整理时注意原文网址或网页快照网址的收集。便于查重。根据自己已经选定的题目，运用本讲所学知识，选定3个搜索引擎进行网络检索实习，并按标准格式编制实习报告，留存。1、检索课题名称：阅读疗法干预大学生心理障碍的研究2、课题分析：中文关键词：1 阅读疗法 2 大学生 3 心理障碍英文关键词：（1）r

15、eading therapy （2）university student（3）mental disorder3、选择搜索引擎：1谷歌(google)2百度（baidu）3 综合检索（360浏览器）4、构建检索策略：检索算法：（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍文献范围：期刊论文、学位论文、会议论文、专著使用学术类文献检索、选择。5、简述检索策略调整的过程：1）在谷歌(google)：使用“（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍”检索运算式，约有932项符合（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍的查询结果。2）百度（baidu）：使用“（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍”检索运算式，百度一下，找到相关网页约1,350篇。

16、3）元搜索（觅搜MetaS）：使用检索式“（阅读疗法）*大学生*心理障碍”，觅搜为您从baidu、google、live的查询中优化了结果。baidu: 29 google: 30 live:23 6、整理检索结果：（1）谷歌(google) （选1条）。大学生心理障碍与读书治疗University Students block and the reading .对大学生当前的心理状态进行了四种不同方式的调查.调查显示,心理障碍不同程度地 . 阅读疗法高校大学生心理健康教育的新方向BibliotherapyNew Direction in ./A-sdtsgjk200301023.html -

17、 20k - 网页快照 - 类似网页作者：王姗姗 - 2003 - 相关文章（2）百度（baidu）（选1条）。阅读疗法改善大学生心理障碍的研究 READING THERAPY IN IMPROVING.目的观察用阅读疗法改善大学生心理障碍的效果。方法用大学生人格调查表(UPI)对在校大学生进行调查,找出需要关注的学生40人,随机分成实验组和对照组。对实验组进行为期1年的阅读辅导,阅读辅导前后用scl-90测查,观察两组的效果。结果实验组. 96630A/2007002/24141685.html 32K 2008-9-26 - 百度快照（3）元搜索（觅搜MetaS）（选1条）。阅读疗法对大学

18、生心理健康影响的实验研究- 期刊杂志|免费杂志|电子杂志 . 源自: MS指数:36.512010年2月14日 . 研究结果表明:阅读疗法对大学生心理健康教育是有效的,能够对大学生心理 . 学习压力( F5学习障碍、F6学习挫折感、F7理想缺失和考试焦虑)、z3身体健康 . 觅搜快照 7、标示原文线索：（1）大学生心理障碍与读书治疗2003年 第01期 作者: 魏彦平, 王姗姗, 链接网址：（2）阅读疗法改善大学生心理障碍的研究范奉莲 山东医学高等专科学校图书馆山东医学高等专科学校学报 2006年28卷3期链接网址：96630A/2007002/24141685.html96630A/2006

19、03/22790518.html（3）阅读疗法对大学生心理健康影响的实验研究-（三）利用英文综合参考数据库美国工程索引（Ei）进行文献信息检索示例1、检索课题名称：图书馆现代信息技术研究2、课题分析： 中文关键词：图书馆 信息 技术 英文主题词：Library information technology3、选择检索工具：美国工程索引（Ei village2）4、构建检索策略：Library*information*technology5、简述检索过程:选择快速检索，输入检索词：第一、library；第二、information；第三、technology检索结果4490篇6、根据检索结果选择

20、3条记录根据检索结果，浏览题录可以确定该文献的收藏单位（图书馆或情报所、信息中心等），从而可以进一步确定是否索取或借阅、复制原文。Search Results：4490 records in Compendex for 1969-2007 (library) WN All fields) AND (information) WN All fields) AND (technology) WN All fields) 1.Information and communication technologies in library and information science education

21、in Kenya Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K. (Dept. of Library and Info. Science, University of Zululand); Ocholla, Dennis N. Source: Education for Information, v 21, n 4, December, 2003, p 243-262Database: CompendexAbstract - Detailed2.Information technology and library education in Indonesia: recent develop

22、ments in the curriculum Sulistyo-Basuki, L. (Universitas Indonesia) Source: Education for Information, v 17, n 4, Dec, 1999, p 353-361Database: Compendex Abstract - Detailed3.Distance education in North American library and information science education: applications of technology and commitment Bar

23、ron, Daniel D. (Univ of South Carolina) Source: Journal of the American Society for Information Science, v 47, n 11, Nov, 1996, p 805-810Database: Compendex Abstract - DetailedSelected Records阅读文摘：1 - 3 of 3 selected records from Compendexfor: (library) WN All fields) AND (information) WN All fields

24、) AND (technolog) WN All fields)1.Information and communication technologies in library and information science education in Kenya Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K. (Dept. of Library and Info. Science, University of Zululand); Ocholla, Dennis N. Source: Education for Information, v 21, n 4, December, 2003,

25、p 243-262ISSN: 0167-8329 CODEN: EDINEE Publisher: IOS Press Abstract: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become central to education and training in Library and Information Science/Service (LIS) because of the great influence of these technologies on the professional world. This

26、study on Kenya is part of a larger doctoral research project that aims to map and audit the types, nature and diffusion of ICTs in LIS education and training programmers in Africa. The findings indicate that all LIS schools in Kenya have embraced the use of ICTs, but there are major variations in te

27、rms of application. All but one LIS School offers a wide range of relevant ICT courses, many of them as core modules. However, not all of them offer, or are able to offer, practical hands-on experience for their students. In teaching and learning, only a few LIS schools use ICTs to deliver lectures,

28、 the majority still favouring age-old methods of face-to-face classroom teaching. In research, the lack of ICT facilities has resulted in partial and minimal use of ICTs, especially since academic staff have to pay (individually, from private funds) to access the Internet. For the same reasons elect

29、ronic publishing of research results on the Internet is low. In terms of academic administration, most LIS schools have computerised but most activities still are conducted offline due to networking inadequacies. The study recommends that Kenyan LIS schools should increase the use of ICTs in reachin

30、g and learning to foster greater effectiveness. Kenyan LIS schools should strive to provide online and distance education in order to open more learning opportunities for the nation. (28 refs.) Ei controlled terms: Information technology - Libraries - Education - Information science - Professional a

31、spects - Students - Teaching - Internet - Electronic publishing - Distance education - Societies and institutionsClassification Code: 723.5 Computer Applications - 903 Information Science - Libraries - 901.2 Education - 901.1 Engineering Professional Aspects - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling an

32、d ApplicationsDatabase: Compendex Full-text and Local Holdings Links2.Information technology and library education in Indonesia: recent developments in the curriculum Sulistyo-Basuki, L. (Universitas Indonesia) Source: Education for Information, v 17, n 4, Dec, 1999, p 353-361ISSN: 0167-8329 CODEN:

33、EDINEE Publisher: IOS Press Abstract: Information technology, mainly computer and telecommunication, has influenced library education since the early 70s. With the coming of the globalization era and the information revolution, Indonesian library educators recognised its importance for future librar

34、ians by revising the curriculum. This paper presents a brief history of information technology-related training for library school students in Indonesia, including the most recent development in library and information science curriculum in Indonesia with special reference to the University of Indon

35、esia, the nations oldest library education institution. (17 refs.) Ei controlled terms: Information technology - Personnel training - Information science - Libraries - Students - Online searching - Computer simulationClassification Code: 723.5 Computer Applications - 903.1 Information Sources & Anal

36、ysis - 901.2 Education - Libraries - 903.3 Information Retrieval & UseDatabase: Compendex Full-text and Local Holdings Links3.Distance education in North American library and information science education: applications of technology and commitment Barron, Daniel D. (Univ of South Carolina) Source: J

37、ournal of the American Society for Information Science, v 47, n 11, Nov, 1996, p 805-810ISSN: 0002-8231 CODEN: AISJB6 Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc Abstract: The author traces the development of distance education as a concept driven by educators who have used the available technology, almost at

38、the time of its inception, to extend education to individuals who are without formal learning alternatives. The similarities between the developments in distance education generally, beginning with correspondence study in the 1800s to the present day use of the Internet, compared with a similar evol

39、ution by library and information science education are stressed. The author concludes that library and information professionals have been given the opportunity to participate in a model which reflects the best human service possible as well as a demonstration of the professions commitment to the us

40、e of technology to meet the needs of individuals and groups in our society. (24 refs.) Ei controlled terms: Education - Information science - Libraries - Information technology - Information services - Teaching - Societies and institutions - Mail handling - Radio - Television - Information dissemina

41、tionClassification Code: 901.2 Education - 903.1 Information Sources & Analysis - Libraries - 903.4 Information Services - Societies & Institutions - 691.2 Materials Handling MethodsDatabase: Compendex Full-text and Local Holdings Links7、标示原文线索：用中文标示各检索结果的著录事项第一篇文献：篇名： Information and communication

42、technologies in library and information science education in Kenya第一责任者：Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K.三、第一责任者单位：Dept. of Library and Info. Science, University of Zululand四、文献来源：Education for Information, v 21, n 4, December, 2003第二篇文献：一、篇名：Information technology and library education in Indonesia: recent

43、 developments in the curriculum二、第一责任者：Sulistyo-Basuki, L.三、第一责任者单位：Universitas Indonesia四、资料来源：Education for Information, v 17, n 4, Dec, 1999第三篇文献：一、篇名：Distance education in North American library and information science education: applications of technology and commitment二、第一责任者：Barron, Daniel D.

44、三、第一责任者单位：Univ of South Carolina四、资料来源：Journal of the American Society for Information Science, v 47, n 11, Nov, 1996（四）利用英文全文数据库Elsevier进行文献信息检索示例1、检索课题名称：废水的处理2、课题分析：中文关键词为：废水，处理英文关键词为：waste water，treatment3、选择检索工具：Elsevier数据库4、构建检索策略： waste water AND treatment5、简述检索过程: 选定在Elsevier中期刊、图书、文摘数据库等全部文

45、献资源中检索1996年以后的关于废水处理的相关文献。利用确定的检索策略（waste water AND treatment），文献全文（含文献题目、摘要、关键词）中检索，检到8728 篇相关文献；在文献题目、摘要和关键词中检索，检索到 1212篇相关文献； 在文献关键词中检索到134 篇相关文献；在文献题目中检索到 178篇相关文献。6、整理检索结果：从以上文献中选择出3条切题文献1. Durability of concrete with addition of dry sludge from waste water treatment plants Cement and Concrete

46、Research, Volume 35, Issue 6, June 2005, Pages 1064-1073 A. Yage , , S. Valls , E. Vzquez and F. AlbaredaDept. of Construction Engineering, Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya, ETSECCPB, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, E-08043 Barcelona, Spain Received 18 December 2003; accepted 26 July 2004. Available online 1

47、6 December 2004. Abstract：This paper evaluates the use of dry sludge as an additive for concrete, for which it must be guaranteed that the resulting concrete has the appropriate mechanical strength and durability. In earlier work on the subject, it was shown that the addition of sludge reduces the m

48、echanical strength of concrete. With the addition of 10% sludge in proportion to the amount of concrete, the mechanical strength decreases significantly, making it unsuitable for medium- to high-strength reinforced concrete. One possible area of application would be in the preparation of low-strengt

49、h mass concrete that could be used for bases and subbases of roads with light traffic, as filler, etc. We subjected the concrete specimens to different types of accelerated attack in order to evaluate long-term performance and compare them with the reference concrete (not containing sludge). The fol

50、lowing tests were made: Combined wetdry cycles using fresh water, seawater and water containing 5% sulphates Accelerated ageing in an autoclave Accelerated carbonationThe performance of the concrete containing sludge was acceptable and comparable to the results obtained for the reference concrete no

51、t containing sludge. Keywords: Durability; Stability; Sulphates attack; Waste management; Carbonation 2. Determination of sterols, estrogens and inorganic ions in waste water and size-segregated aerosol particles emitted from waste water treatment ARTICLEChemosphere, Volume 64, Issue 7, August 2006,

52、 Pages 1134-1140 Melanie Beck , a, and Michael RadkeaA Department of Hydrology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany Received 3 April 2005; revised 13 November 2005; accepted 22 November 2005. Available online 9 January 2006. Abstract:Concentrations of steroids and inorganic ions were mea

53、sured in waste water of an aerated sand trap as well as in aerosol particles emitted from this tank at the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) of Bayreuth, Germany, in January and February 2003. The investigations comprised seven sterols, two estrogens, and several inorganic ions. Since an appropriat

54、e method for the determination of sterols in waste water was not available, a new method based on solid phase extraction was developed. The concentrations of the sterols coprostanol and cholesterol amounted to 30180gl1 in waste water and to 4005000pgm3 in aerosol particles. All other sterols were pr

55、esent in markedly lower concentrations. The mean concentrations of the two estrogens estrone and 17-estradiol were about 165pgm3 in aerosol particles. The steroid concentrations in both waste water and aerosol particles varied greatly over time, however with the exception of coprostanol, no clear co

56、rrelation was detected between concentrations in waste water and aerosol particles. Keywords: Sterols; Estrogens; Inorganic ions; Waste water; Aerosol particles; Impactor 3.The value of biodegradation screening test results for predicting the elimination of chemicals organic carbon in waste water tr

57、eatment plants Chemosphere, Volume 63, Issue 1, March 2006, Pages 9-16Walter Guhl and Josef Steber , Department of Environmental Safety Assessment, Henkel KGaA, D-40191 Dsseldorf, Germany Received 23 March 2005; revised 2 June 2005; accepted 30 July 2005. Available online 10 October 2005. Abstract：B

58、ased on the test results of a large number of chemical substances, the comparability of different biodegradation test methods was assessed in terms of passing or failing threshold values commonly used for the biodegradability characterisation of chemicals. The comparison revealed a high consistency

59、of the ready biodegradability evaluations in OECD 301 tests regardless of the analytical parameter used, i.e., by mineralisation (CO2 evolution or biological oxygen demand/BOD) or by organic carbon removal measurements. Substances meeting the ready biodegradability threshold values in OECD 301 tests

60、 exhibited a high (80%) carbon removal in model waste water treatment plants (OECD 303A). Results from the Modified ZahnWellens test (OECD 302B) representing a screening test with high sludge concentration, were also shown to be useful for the prediction of the organic carbon removal under WWTP cond