高考英语考点51使役动词

1、考点五十一使役动词L3高考考点回顾英语中具有使役意义的动词较多，跟人们常常说的使役动词不是一个概念。通常我们说 使役动词，指的是 make, have, let这三个动词，它们在后接不定式作宾语补足语时要省去不 定式符号to。但具有使役意义的动词数量上远不止这些，用法也较灵活。使役动词have, let, make （常用于复合结构）have的用法have +宾语+do （省略to的不定式）：表示主语要“使“让“宾语干某事，宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。The rich lady had the singer eat with her servants.这位富有的女士让这位歌手和她的仆人一起吃

2、饭。I will have him come and help you. 我会让他来帮助你的。have+宾语+现在分词：表示让某人或物连续进行某动作或处于某状态中，宾语和宾补是一种主动关系。The two cheats had the lights burning all night long.这两个骗子让灯整晚亮着。He had us waiting for him three hours yesterday. 昨天他让我们直等了他三个小时。I have them all talking to each other in English.我鼓励他们用英语交谈。have +宾语+过去分词：表示

3、主语的主观意志，即主语让别人为自己完成某事，宾语和宾补是动宾关系，还可以表示主语遭受到来利或不测的事。Tom said he had had his TV set repaired.汤姆修了他的电视机。（别人修的）Tom had his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.昨天汤姆使他的钱包被偷了。（别人偷的）have+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语作宾补Please have your tickets ready.请准备好你的票。The Emperor had nothing on. 这位皇帝什么都没在做。I am sure I ll have him in

4、the argument.let的用法let +宾语+do （省to不定式）：表示主语要“使“让“宾语干某事，宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。Let them stay in the classroom and do their exercises themselves.让他们自己待在教室里做练习吧。Let AB be equal to CD.假设 AB 等于 CD.let+宾语+副词/介词短语作宾补Let me in and let them out.让我进来，让他们出去。Who let you into the building? 谁让你进到大楼里来的？make的用法make +宾语+do

5、（省to不定式）：表示主语要“使“让“宾语干某事，宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。此结构常用被动结构。The teacher made the naughty boy stand there for an hour.老师让这个调皮的男孩在那里站了一个小时。The naughty boy was made to stand there for an hour.这个调皮的男孩被让在那站了一个小时。make+宾语+过去分词，此结构中的宾语指人时常用到反身代词。He raised his voice to make himself heard. 他提高嗓音让自 己被听到。They will make a

6、n important plan known to the public soon.他们不久就会让公众知道这个计划。make+宾语+形容词，宾语亦可是从句。The news made her happy.这个消息使她快乐。He made it clear that he objected to the proposal.他明确表明他反对这个建议。二半使役动词.常见的半使役动词amazes （使某人感到惊呀），astonish （使某人感到惊奇）complicate （使某人感到复杂），confuse （使某人感到迷惑）delight （使某人感到高兴）excite （使某人感到兴奋）frigh

7、ten （使某人感到恐惧）move （使某人感到激动）satisfy （使某人感到满意）strike （使某人感到震动）.半使役动词的主动式用法:,discourage （使某人感到气馁）,encourages （使某人感到鼓舞）,interest （使某人感到有趣）,bore （使某人感到厌倦），,disappoint （使某人感到失望）,distinguish （使某人感到显著）,exhaust （使某人感到疲倦）,inspire （使某人感到刺激），,please （使某人感到高兴），puzzle （使某人感到不解）,surprise （使某人感到惊异），shock （使某人感到震惊）,

8、tire （使某人感到疲惫），upset （使某人感到迷惑不解）something + vt. + somebodyThe exam result satisfied his parents.考试结果令他的父母很满意。The boy s behavior upset everybody aroun迄个男孩的行为使周围的每个人都很沮丧。3.半使役动词有两个或三个派生形容词 成。如：interestinteresting, interested;please-pleasing, pleased, pleasant;，一个加-ing,一个加-ed,有时还有一个加其他后缀构astonish-aston

9、ishing, astonished;satisfysatisfying, satisfied, satisfactory.般而言，作定语时，v-ing半使役动词的v-ing和v-ed两个分词形容词的用法也有规律,分词形容词修饰事物，v-ed分词形容词修饰人或者人的心理活动、表情等；作表语或宾语补足语时，v-ing分词形容词指事，v-ed分词形容词指人或拟人用法，而且作表语的v-ed分词后接事时常有一个介词，如：The film we saw last night was very interesting.我们昨天晚上看的电影非常有趣。We were all interested in the

10、 film.我们都对这部电影感兴趣。The frightening hurricane made the girl very frightened.令人恐惧的飓风使这个女孩感到害怕。The teacher was satisfied with the answer of his students.这位老师对他学生们的回答感到满意。6高考考点问诊i,那两个人让等通宵亮着。The two men had their lights.老板让他们工作了一整夜。They were made the whole night by the boss.我明天要去修自行车。I will have my bike.

11、就高考经典例题You should understand the math problem now. You have had it three times.A. explaining B. to explain C. explainedD. explain【答案】C【解析】句意：你现在应该理解这道数学题了，你已经让人给你解释了三次了。这题需要孩子多思考，首先判断出 you have had中第一个have是助动词（和后面的had构成现 在完成时），接下来才能判断出这里考察的是使役动词have的用法，然后再去分析 have后面的it指代是前面提到的 math problem从而得出这里要用的是

12、 have sth done俄事让别 人去做）的结构。力高考真题详解-Why are you so worried?-I had my MP4 yesterday?A. stealB. stoleC. stealing D. stolen【答案】B【解析】句意：当你刷牙的时候不要让水一直流。此题考察的是使役动词have的用法。have sth doing意思是让某事一直处于某种状态。此处用running符合句意。提示句： while you brush your teeth.-Good morning. Can I help you?-I d like to have this package

13、, madam.A. be weighedB. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed【答案】D【解析】句意：-早上好！有什么能帮助您的？-我想把这个包裹称一下重量，女士。此题 考察的是使役动词 have的用法。根据 have后面的名词package（包裹）可推断出这里要 用的是have sth. done（某事让别人做）的结构，此处的 weighed已经有被动的含义，所以 不需要再用be动词了，孩子们很容易选成A, 一定要记清楚这个结构。国王找人把那个贼吊死了。The king had the thief.【答案】：hanged【解析】此题考查的是使役动词h

14、ave的用法。Have sb done让某人被做某事，找某人做某事/高考考点专练一单项选择填空Don t have the water while you brush yoUe eth.A. runB. running C. being run D. to runThe captain got the soldiers toward the front after a short rest.A. to moveB. movingC. movedD. moveTom often makes his brother but yesterday he was made by his brother.

15、A. cry; to cryB. to cry; cryC. cry; cryD. to cry; to cryI am sorry to have had you for so long.A. waitB. waitingC. to waitD. have waited二短文填词【湖北省襄阳四中2018届高三5月第四次模拟】China, which takes pride in inventions in ancient times, has once again demonstrated its 61 (able) to change the world with its“ new fou

16、r great inventispsed railways,: highelectronic payments, 62 (share) bicycles and online shopping. The “ newfour great inventions are all rela ed 63 China s highch innovation(创新),which has improved the quality of people s lives. My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat anythng I want simply w

17、ith a tap of my phone, slaadcLin Ji65 overseas Chinese student fromCambodia, 66 (add) that “ even pancake sellers are using Alipay (mobile payment). We can also order food at home, which is super convenient. If I 67 (be) at home in Cambodia, Iwould have to go outdoo rs.”The bikes themselves are not

18、new, but the operating model of bike-sharing is based on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. It is 68 (increase) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is partly because China skipped over the PC age and went directly t

19、o mobile. China has the 69 (large) mobile use in the world.In terms of the “ newfour great inventions Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research co mpany Forrester, said,“ These products and services (improve) thecustomer experience so far, improving national and global economy at th

20、e same timef高考学法指导使役动词注意事项have + 宾语 + dohave +宾语+ doing 使役动词的这两种用法有时候 可以互用。如：我让她等我。可以说I have her wait for me.也可以说成 I have her waitingfor me.这两句话意义是一致的。如果说“我让她一直等着我”则要说成I have her waiting for me.考点五十一使役动词参考答案高考考点问诊1【答案】 burning all the night; burning the whole night【解析】此题考查的是使役动词have的用法。have sth. doi

21、ng意为：让某事一直处于某种状态。注意：这里的灯亮着我们用的是动词：burn。2【答案】to work【解析】此题考查的是使役动词make的用法。make sb. do意思是让某人做某事；在这里是被动，所以要还原成sb. be seen to do的结构（我们把它称作省to不定式的还原）3【答案】repaired tomorrow【解析】此题考查的是使役动词have的用法。have sth. done让某事被做，请某人做某事单项选择填空1答案旧解析:句意：当你刷牙的时候不要让水一直流。此题考察的是使役动词have的用法。have sth doing意思是 让某事一直处于某种状态此处用runni

22、ng符合句意。提示句：while you brush your teeth.2答案旧解析:句意:队长让士兵们在短暂的休息之后继续前进。学生首先要能判断出这里 get也是使役动词，所以这题的考点就是使役动词的用法。接下来再根据句意和语境分析，士兵前进不可能是走两步就休息，一定是 持续走一段时间之后才做短暂的休息，所以这里用get sb doing（让某人一直做某事）的结构是最合适的。3答案:A解析:句意:Tom经常把他的弟弟弄哭但是昨天他却被弟弟惹哭了。此题考察的是使役动词 make的用法。第一空比较简单，make sb. do（让某人彳某事）;第二空在解题的时候要注意，he was made这里变成了被动，考察的是使役动词变被动要还原to这个知识点，所以结构应该是 sb be made to do,所以第二空应该填to cry。4答案旧解析:句意:我很抱歉让你等了那么久。此题考察的是使役动词have的用法。for so long是这里的关键词，是一个持续性的时间标志词，所以这里我们用的是have sb doing（让某人持