高考英语二轮复习翻译专项精讲

1、2012届高考英语二轮专题复习翻译专项精讲教案撰稿人完稿时间审核人审核时间课程进度第xx次课课程标题翻译专题学生对象：局二教学目标提高对翻译的认识，激发兴趣 掌握基本的翻译方法与技巧教学安排一览事项时间1导入：认识翻译20分钟2讲解翻译方法与技巧45分钟3历年局考成语、谚语翻译讲解25分钟4课堂练习15分钟5总结回忆本次课内容10分钟6布置家庭作业5分钟78910ReviewDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is

2、one extra heading which you do not need. DFCEBThe great impact and progress in genetic engineeringWorries about privacy protectionWorries about medical use of genetic engineeringGenetic knowledge helps to predict diseasesGenetic knowledge may not be properly usedThe application of genetic engineerin

3、g in the medical fields1.Current research into the human gene system is helping us understand why people have predispositions （ 易患某病倾向 ）to certain diseases. Knowing our genetic makeup can help us to judge whether or not we may be stricken by particular illness, such as cancer. Even before birth, we

4、are able to do genetic screenings to determine whata child s genetic disorder will be. Scientists have already isolatedand identifiedthe genes responsible for the more than 4, 000 genetic diseases that affect human beings.2.researchof theirThe implications of this knowledge are astonishing. In addit

5、ion to predicting genetic predisposition towards diseases, gene therapies may provide new treatments or cures for serious disease. Millions of people already use genetically engineered drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, AIDS, and strokes （中风）. But with the that is now being conducted, we may find

6、 cures to many more diseases. In the near future, genetic experimentation will also allow parents to select the traits children. Genetic traits that determine height, weight, eye and hair color will be able to be controlled, and many parents are excited about this potential.3.Many people, however, a

7、re unwilling to accept the possibilities genetic research allows. For example, one reason some women do not use the largest genetic testing for breast cancer is because they are afraid they will be discriminated against.Another problem is that many people do not want to discover their weakness. What

8、 if they learn that they have a disease for which there are no medical cures? How will such knowledge affect their lives? Do people really want to know what they will die of?4.Many people believe that history has not always shown human decision-making to be bright when it comes to ethical （ 道德的）choi

9、ces. Jeremy Rifkin is probably well known opponent of genetic engineering. He believes that humansthearemostnotresponsible enough to experiment with genes and should not“play God” . He asks,“Just because it can be done, does that mean it should be done?” He points our society will eventually look an

10、d act the same if parents select the traits of their children, and he questions the desirability of such a society.outthat5.One of the fears expressed about genetic experimentation involves Already blood sample taken from patients in hospitals have been used for genetic research without the patient

11、s permission. Most people would agree that one and genetic makeup are private concerns. But if insurance companies gain access toprivacy.s healththis information, it could have a large possibilities for discrimination are obvious. Directions: Fill in the blanks with suitable words below. Change the

12、form where necessary.impact on hiring or promotion decisions. Theor phrases from the list givencourseobsessvitalconsequencegrowlforeseeobesemightyingredientdoomedHer investment had disastrousThe new technology wasMany people become she lost everything she owned. for the success of the company.becaus

13、e they eat too many sweets.Though I canthe difficulties facing me, I still want to have a try.When the prisoner tried to get up out of his chair, the guard“Sit down!”They looked forward to seeing theocean.The plan was to failure.The path follows the of the river.She was with the idea that she was be

14、ing watched.The of dumplings include pork and cabbage.Keys: 1. consequences 2. vital 3. obese 4. foresee 5. growled 6. mighty 7.doomed 8. course 9. obsessed 10. ingredientIntroductionR思考1What is Translation?Translation refers to a linguistic practice of employing one language to realize the thoughts

15、 expressed in another language exactly and completely.翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言的思维内容准确而完整地表达出来的语言活动。关键词：内容；准确；完整例1:遇见多日不见的外国朋友，打招呼说：“你好吗？”( V) How are you? / How is everything? / How is it going? / How are you getting along?(x) Are you good?例2：玫瑰有一种优雅的美，因此常被比作爱情。(compare)( V) Roses have a delicate/ refined/ g

16、raceful/ elegant beauty, therefore they are often compared to love.( x) Roses have a special beauty, so they are compared with love.例3：那个穿着蓝格子连衣裙的漂亮女子是个考古学家。(archaeologist)( V) That pretty woman wearing a blue checked dress is an archaeologist.( x) That pretty woman wearing a blue dress is an archae

17、ologist.What is Behind Translation?Translation is a reflection of linguistic or cultural differences between countries.1 JI f文化II语言，思维)；How to Translate?Four Steps of Translation Strategy翻译策略四步法或十六字诀。Presentation 一翻译策略四步法”下面为大家细致地讲解翻译“策略四步法。注：中文解说为教师 用语；学生版本则以 图形、信息要点为分析军情句子种类/类 型句子含义时态语态选定/谓宾添加定状补充

18、分利用关键 词确定其位置及 用法无懈可击检作隘I防止疏漏Step 1 一分析军情在做翻译题时，我们需要对中文原句进行分析。分析什么？分析以下四点：句子的种类和类型句子的“种类”是依据交际用途划分的；而句子的“类型”是依据句子结构划分的。陈述句疑问句祈使句| nrr 感叹句=1类（很显然：不同的中文句子，要求对应的英文句子以不同的标点符号结尾。） 句子的类型简单句并列句复合句并列复合句只包含一个主谓结构：句子成分是单词或短 语包含两个或更多的主谓结构：分句由并列连词znd, but, or, so, for, while,when 等来连接口句中的某个成分由另一个句子担当，分为名 词性/形容词性

19、/状语从句4+1+9=14 （种）并列连词连接了带有从句的并列句句子的中文含义确保透彻理解了中文原句的含义。时态读完中文原句后，确定句子时态。句子所说的情况是发生在过去、现在、还是将来？根据句 义，选择确切的时态。语态当中文原句中缺少主语时，应立即想起运用被动语态。当然也可自行加入适当的主语。实战演练以2010年上海高考真题为例，演示这“四步法”：实战演练1:.我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。（once）Step 1:分析军情句子种类陈述句，以句号结尾。句子类型主从复合句一宾语从句中文含义没有难词，易于理解。时态陈述事实，用一般现在时即可。语公在宾语从句中，缺少主语，故米用被动

20、语态。Step 2 一排兵布阵所谓“排兵布阵”，指的是在翻译汉语的过程中，要合理安排主要信息及次要信息。主将或主干：合适的主谓结构副手：介词短语、从句、非谓语动词形式、独立主格形式等关键性人员：翻译题中所给的关键词实战演练Step 2:排兵布阵（once） “the conclusion of the investigationdrawn/madeWe agreeas soon as possible make sth. known to the publicStep 3 一因势利导做翻译题，我们需要顺着什么样的“势”呢？顺着语法规则和词语用法的“势”。因势利导，这里指的是根据语法规则，词语用法及英语的习惯性表达方式等，将我们已分析好的 所有句子成分准确无误地串联起来。实战演练Step 3: 因势利导(once) drawn/madeWe (all) agree (that)itthe conclusion of the investigation(is)(will be) madeknown to the public (as soon as possible)