2022学年浙江省教育考试院高三下第一次测试英语试题(含解析)

1、2022学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1There is _ as a free dinner in this world. As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”Ano such a good thingBsuch no good thingCno such good thingDn

2、ot so a good thing2The explosion in the chemical plant _ avoided had the county authorities, aiming too much at short-term interests, performed their duties from the beginning.Ashould beBmight beCmust have beenDcould have been3Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again! _ , she cant find her

3、keys.ATypicallyBOccasionallyCAccordinglyDParticularly4 Shall we go to the seven oclock performance or the eight? _suits you fine.AWhateverBWhicheverCWheneverDWherever5Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them _ live is quite another.AperformBperformingCto performDbein

4、g performed6His sister left home in 1998, and_ since.Ahad not been heard ofBhas not been heard ofChad not heard ofDhas not heard of7I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.But its too early to_ now. Theres still much hope.Apick up the piecesBthrow in the to

5、welCgo through your pacesDjump down your throat8Passion is passion and it doesnt matter _ its directedExactly，it can be coins or sports or politicsAwhyBhowCwhetherDwhere9Thanks to Mrs Smith, the father and the son eventually _after ten years cold relationship between them.Atook upBpicked upCmade upD

6、turned up10After looking at many new cars, I found _ which I would accept just as suitable.AitBthisCthatDone11Excuse me, sir, didnt you see the red light?Sorry, my mind _ somewhere else.Ahas been wanderingBwas wanderedCwas wanderingDhas been wandered12It was announced that only after the candidates

7、papers were collected _to leave the room.Ahad they been permitted Bwould they be permittedCthat they would be permitted Dthat they had been permitted13The countrys chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars_ the most important of these.Ahave been BareCbeing Dare being14-Good evening. Huangs

8、han Hotel. -Good evening. _?ADo you still have a room for tonight BWhat would you like, pleaseCIs there anything I can do for you DWho is that speaking, please15Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?Pity he _ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.Awas sent Bhas been sentChad been sent

9、Dwould be sent16Our class held a fierce _ as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not.Abargain Bcompetition Cdebate Dcampaign17Its nearly four years since I worked in that firm. I _ a band with other fellows.AoperatedBhad been operatingCwas operatingDam operating18-You know Mr. Green has b

10、een ill for days?-Yes, I wonder if he is _ better now.AanyBsomeCanyDno19Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.AworkedBhas been workingChad workedDhas worked20-I hear youll cancel all your plans and appointments. Why?-They _ my life. I just cant stop.AcontrolBcontrol

11、ledChave controlledDhave been controlling第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） For centuries, medical pioneers have refined a variety of methods and medicines to treat sickness, injury, and disability, enabling people to live longer and healthier lives.“A salamander (a small lizard

12、-like animal) can grow back its leg. Why cant a human do the same?” asked Peruvian-born surgeon Dr. Anthony Atala in a recent interview. The question, a reference to work aiming to grow new limbs for wounded soldiers, captures the inventive spirit of regenerative medicine. This innovative field seek

13、s to provide patients with replacement body parts.These parts are not made of steel; they are the real things - living cells, tissue, and even organs.Regenerative medicine is still mostly experimental, with clinical applications limited to procedures such as growing sheets of skin on burns and wound

14、s. One of its most significant advances took place in 499，when a research group at North Carolinas Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine conducted a successful organ replacement with a laboratory-grown bladder. Since then, the team, led by Dr. Atala, has continued to generate a variety of

15、other tissues and organsfrom kidneys to ears.The field of regenerative medicine builds on work conducted in the early twentieth century with the first successful transplants of donated human soft tissue and bone. However, donor organs are not always the best option. First of all, they are in short s

16、upply, and many people die while waiting for an available organ; in the United States alone, more than 100,000 people are waiting for organ transplants. Secondly, a patients body may ultimately reject the transplanted donor organ. An advantage of regenerative medicine is that the tissues are grown f

17、rom a patients own cells and will not be rejected by the bodys immune system.Today, several labs are working to create bioartificial body parts. Scientists at Columbia and Yale Universities have grown a jawbone and a lung. At the University of Minnesota, Doris Taylor has created a beating bioartific

18、ial rat heart. Dr. Atalas medical team has reported long-term success with bioengineered bladders implanted into young patients with spina bifida (a birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord). And at the University of Michigan, H. David Humes has created an artificial

19、kidney.So far, the kidney procedure has only been used successfully with sheep, but there is hope that one day similar kidney will be implantable in a human patient. The continuing research of scientists such as these may eventually make donor organs unnecessary and, as a result, significantly incre

20、ase individuals chances of survival.1、In the latest field of regenerative medicine, what are replacement parts made of?ADonated cells, tissues and organs.BRejected cells, tissues and organs.CCells, tissues and organs of ones own.DCells, tissues and organs made of steel.2、What have scientists experim

21、ented successfully on for a bioartificial kidney?APatientsBRatsCSheepDSoldiers3、Why is generative medicine considered innovative?AIt will provide patients with replacement soft tissues.BIt will strengthen the human bodys immune system.CIt will shorten the time patients waiting for a donated organ.DI

22、t will make patients live longer with bioartificial organs.4、What is the writers attitude towards regenerative medicine？APositive.BNegative.CDoubtful.DReserved.22（8分）As providers and caretakers（监护人）, adults tend to view the children as happy and free. After all, kids dont have jobs to keep or bills

23、to pay, so what do they possibly have to worry about?Plenty! Even very young children have worries and feel stressful to some degree. Stress is a function of the demands placed on us. These demands often come from outside sources, such as families, jobs, friends, or schools. But they can also come f

24、rom our feelings, for example, what we think we should be doing versus what were actually able to do.Stress can affect anyone who feels at a loss, even kids. For kids in the kindergarten, separation from parents can cause anxiety. As kids get older, academic and social pressures also create stress,

25、especially those who want to fit in their school are probably to get more stress.Many kids are too busy to have time to play creatively or relax after school. Kids who complain about all their activities or who refuse to take part in them might be too tired and full of stress. Talk with kids about h

26、ow they feel about the activities related to their courses. If they complain, you should consider stopping one activity for a period of time, or you can explore, ways to help them manage their time and lessen their anxiety.Another source of stress is world news. Kids who see scary images on TV or he

27、ar someone talk of natural disasters or ways may worry about their own safety and the people they love. Talk to them about what they see and hear on TV to help them understand whats going on.Whats more, be aware of some negative factors, such as an illness, or death of a loved one. When these are ad

28、ded to the everyday pressure kids face, the stress may appear. Separated or divorced parents should never put kids in a position of having to choose who they would like to live with.1、Who is the most stressed according to the text?AA kid not getting many gifts on her birthday.BA kid not getting used

29、 to the school life.CA kid living with his strict parents.DA kid failing in making new friends.2、Whats Paragraph 4 mainly about?AWays to help kids relieve stress.BActivities to stay with kids.CCourses to help kids relax.DReasons for kids feeling stressed.3、What can be concluded from the text?AWorld

30、news may make kids worry about their countries safety.BKids who behave well in the school havent stress.CStress is not very common and serious among children.DNegative things and daily pressure can cause stress.4、Whats the best title for the text?ASources of Stress BEffects of StressCChildrens Stres

31、s DStudents Stress23（8分）A decade-long study, also the first major research into air pollution and disease has shown that living near a main road increases the risk of dementia(痴呆). The study of 6.6 million people found that one in 10 dementia deaths in people living within 50 metres of a busy road w

32、as due to waste gas and noise.Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions, while previous research showed emissions (排放物) can cause brain shrinkage.But the new study by Canadian public health scie

33、ntists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia, a discovery described as believable and impressive by British experts.Dr Hong Chen said. Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to th

34、e onset of dementia.Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic, and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia, even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden. More research to understanding thi

35、s link is needed, particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic, such as air pollutants and noise.In the new study, the team tracked all adults aged between 20 and 85 living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2012. They used postcodes to determine how close people lived t

36、o a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia, Parkinsons disease or multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化).While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinsons disease or multiple sclerosis, dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main roa

37、d, with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres; a 4 percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres.After 200 metres there was no increase.Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk

38、as well as other urban pollution, which is often present near busy roads.1、What can we know about Canadians new study?ABritish experts think highly of it.BIt brings benefits to dementia patients.CIt shows that air production is very serious.DIt shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage.2、Wh

39、at Dr Hong Chen said showed that_.Apeople are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollutionBwidespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementiaCthe link between living near roads and having dementia was not obviousDbusy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that

40、 caused dementia to increase3、What does the underlined the word correlation mean?AChange. BImprovement.CAssociation. DSecret4、What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ALiving near a main road adds to the risk of noise.BLiving beyond 300 metres of a main road is safe for people.CLiving within 200

41、 metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia.DThe further people live away from heavy traffic, the smaller the risk of having dementia.24（8分） The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical tra

42、velers questionswhere was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didnt pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run in

43、to her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.“Why dont you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and E

44、urope in three months while working in London.It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, bu

45、t when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotels swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my weddi

46、ng. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, Ive backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends,

47、I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadnt picked up the phone.1、By “My stomach was in knots” (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was _.Asick of riding on a bumpy busBnervous of meeting strangersCupset about the

48、sudden changeDsorry about the impractical plan2、Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met?ACourageous but disrespectful.BJobless and poorly educated.CWarmhearted and trustworthy.DHomeless but lighthearted.3、The authors sixth sense told her that _.Ashe would get along with

49、the backpackersBit might cause trouble to have a swimCshe ought to stay away from the backpackersDit could add excitement to get a free ride4、What can be inferred from the passage?AMost of the backpackers became the authors lifelong friends.BThe author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack

50、traveler.CThe woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.DThe author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own.25（10分）When I was in college, I spent a semester studying abroad at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland. In my brief time there, I

51、 came to love Scotland for its local culture, food and scenery.You might think, “Scotland isnt so different from the US; they still speak English there!” But when I stepped off the plane, I was greeted by a gruff-voiced(声音粗哑的) lady at customs. “Youll be coming from America, then?” She asked me, and

52、I nodded. “But all of our guys are leaving Glasgow for the States!” Her thick Scottish English and sense of humor were obvious right away. I was not in the US any more, where customs agents never joke around.As I settled in at the university, I could feel myself getting used to hearingand even speak

53、ingthe Scottish English of my customs agent. In classroom discussions, people would say “em” when they couldnt think of what to say instead of “um”, which was great fun. After the first few weeks, I stopped chuckling about this. Strathclyde students stayed up late into the night, running around camp

54、us and shouting, “Go! Lets go, lets go, lets go curse word Glasgow!” Pretty soon, I was no longer saying “thanks” at the supermarketinstead, I said “cheers”.My Scottish friends drank whiskey and ate haggis(羊杂碎布丁). I drank plenty of whiskey but felt ashamed to admit that I wasnt brave enough to try h

55、aggis. Scottish bakeries usually sell bridies (肉馅饼). Add a cup of teathough I usually Americanized it by choosing coffee insteadand a bridie makes for a delicious breakfast.Every time I took a train anywhere in Scotland, Id gaze out at the rolling hills and wonder if grass was greener than anywhere

56、else in the world. Then Id reflect that theres a reason this country was the birthplace of golf.1、What did the author think of the lady at customs?AImpolite. BFriendly.CSerious. DCalm.2、Which of the following can replace the underlined word “chuckling” in Paragraph 3?ATalking loudly. BComparing.CLau

57、ghing quietly. DHearing.3、What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo explain why Scotland was famous for golf.BTo promote the development of Scottish catering trade.CTo introduce different pronunciations of “em”and “um”.DTo share his experiences in Scotland as an exchange student.第三部分 语言知识运

58、用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply-all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to

59、 start the industrial process. That something special was men- 4 individuals who could invent machines, find new 5 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who 6 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 7 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were

60、 8 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 9 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 10 He is not necessarily working 11 that his findings can be used.An inventor or one interested in applied science is 12 trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may try to solve a prob