水平井防砂管理理念

1、Sand Management in Open Hole Horizontal Wells水平井防砂管理理念1Sand Management Techniques防砂技术 Stand Alone Screens优质筛管防砂 Open Hole Gravel Packing裸眼砾石充填防砂 Cased Hole Gravel Packing套管井砾石充填防砂 Acid Pre-Packing酸预处理充填工艺 High Rate Water Pack (HRWP)高速水充填防砂 Frac Packing压裂充填防砂23Criteria in Choosing a Sand Control Tech

2、nique选择防砂方式的标准 Borehole Stability井眼稳定性 Formation Permeability地层渗透率 Clay & Fines Content粘土矿物组分 Grain Sorting & Uniformity颗粒分布及均一性 Number of Silt and Clay intervals exposed to Open Hole Sections裸眼段泥岩段和粉砂段的长度4 Stand Alone Screen Types 5%.裸眼筛管防砂5Stand Alone Screen - SAS光筛管防砂SAS should be used in:适用范围： C

3、lean (low fines content) homogeneous sands with high net to gross pay and uniformly sorted large grains with D50 greater than 200 m.油层厚度较厚，且颗粒分选好（ D50大于200 m）的单一均质砂岩SAS should NOT be used : For D50 less than 200 m grain size uniformity and fines content must be considered. If grains are poor sorted

4、and non-uniform and the fines content is greater than 5%. D50 小于200 m的均质油层要考虑细粉砂的含量 。如果颗粒筛选性差或非均质性或细粉砂的含量 大于5%的地层不适合用光筛管防砂.6Stand Alone Screen - SAS光筛管防砂SAS should NOT be used on: Wells in weakly consolidated sandstones with smallgrains and a high percentage of dispersed fines andclays particles les

5、s than 44 m. 直径小于44 m的细颗粒和分散的粉砂岩和泥岩颗粒含量较高的弱胶结砂岩的井SAS should NOT be used on:Wells in dirty (high fines content) or non-homogeneousunconsolidated formations with low permeability andpoorly sorted, small grains - D50 about 80 m. 渗透率低、分选差且颗粒直径较小（D50 在 80 m以下）的粉砂含量高或非均质的疏松地层7Stand Alone Screen - SAS光筛管防砂

6、 Initial production is usually high However, productivity drops as formation solids plug the screens.最初的产能一般会比较高，但是，随着地层砂堵塞筛管，产能就会降低 The SAS is not cushioned by sand Hence it is exposed to a higher flow rate per unit length This results in high velocity erosion of the screen surface and eventual scr

7、een rupture SAS没有缓冲层，因此单位长度的流动速率较高，这会加速筛管表面的冲蚀速率，最终导致筛管破裂 Most SAS in the GOM last only 3 years* 大部分的SAS在GOM地区只有3年的使用寿命 Most SAS in the North Sea last only 3-4 years* 大部分的SAS在北海地区只有34年的使用寿命* Petroleum Engineer International (June 1996 & November 1997)* Oil & Gas Journal (August 11, 1997)8HOHGP 水平井裸眼

8、砾石充填9HOHGP 水平井裸眼砾石充填Easiest type of GP to place because of the large annular space between the screen and the formation. Since the gravel does not have to be carried through perforations, this technique presents minimal gravel transport problems. 最容易的充填位置：筛管与井眼的环空较大，因为砾石不用进入射孔炮眼，解决了砾石运移问题。 Highest t

9、heoretical productivity because there are no perforation tunnels filled with gravel, sand or dirt to restrict flow. 最大的理论产能：没有充满砾石、砂子及泥质的炮眼通道阻碍流体的流动 Lowest possible velocity for produced fluids flowing throughthe GP. 最低的冲蚀速率：渗流面积较大 Usually less expensive because it eliminates casing and cementing co

10、sts. 低成本：节省了套管及固井的费用10HOHGP 水平井裸眼砾石充填 In formations with kh/ greater than 40,000 mD-ft/cp流动系数要求 Dirty formations with poorly sorted grains 分选性差的地层11HOHGP 水平井裸眼砾石充填 Horizontal GP Simulator水平井裸眼砾石充填模拟系统 SHGPSS - Single Trip Horizontal GP & Selective Stimulation水平井裸眼砾石充填及选择性增产措施 Effectively places GP and removes carrier fluid damage in one trip (saving rig time)一趟管柱进行有效的充填，避免充填液的污染（节省了钻机时间） Uses LiteProp (ULW) proppant f