中考英语阅读理解知识点总结经典

1、中考英语阅读理解知识点总结经典一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1 .根据短文内容选择正确答案。Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes.It was seeing people with snakebites that led me to this career,“ he said.In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part

2、 of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.“I was greatlyupset when they told me the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in hi

3、s fields when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time he wrapped (缠绕)a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison (毒)getting to his heart. Running home he shouted, Bring me the knife Minutes later the man lost his arm forever.”T T

4、he heartbroken story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes. Shu added, “worked very hard and tried my best to make a good snake doctor. And at last he made it.11) The best headline (标题)for this newspaper article is .A. Amazing Medicine B. Farmer Loses

5、Arm C. Dangerous Bites D. Snake Doctor (2) Shu decided to devote himself to snake medicine because .A. he wanted to save peoples arms and legs B. he had studied it at a medical schoolC. he had seen snakes biting peopleD. his army service had finished(3) Why did Shu go into the mountains?A. He wanted

6、 to study snake bites.B. He wanted to help the farmers.C. He was being trained to be a doctor.D. He was expected to serve in the army.(4 ) Which of the following can explain the word upset in the third paragraph?A. sadB. surprised【答案】(1) D(2 ) A(3 ) CC. interestedD. frightened（4） A【解析】【分析】这篇文章主要介绍了著

7、名蛇医苏普隆的故事，文中介绍了他从医的经历和原因，1963年他服完兵役以后，上医学院，稍后成为一名中医，无意中他听说当地很多 农民被蛇袭击，为了保全性命，切断胳膊或大腿，因此他决定研究蛇药，取得了巨大成 就。（1）考查主旨大意题。短文主要介绍了著名蛇医苏普隆的故事。故选Do（2）考查细节理解题。句意为什么决定从事研发蛇药的事业。根据文中There he oftenheard of people who had their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives. 描述可知。故选Ao（3）考查细节

8、理解题。句意他为什么进山？根据文中As part of his studies he had to work inthe mountains.描述可知。作为学习的一项内容他不得不进山。故选C。（4）词义猜测。句意：当他们跟我讲了老农的故事后我非常的不安。sad伤心的；surprised吃惊的；interested感兴趣的；frightened害怕的。故选 A。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键 词，在文章中寻找答案。2 .阅读理解Its hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you

9、 dont have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.One reason for this, is climate （气候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data （数据） from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the worlds bananas. They f

10、ound that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield （平均产量）has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare （公顷）.However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the worlds bi

11、ggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.Shouldnt bananas grow more easily if its hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing.Diseases are another

12、danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings （茎段） rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype （基因型）.In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fu

13、ngus （真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation （种 植园） suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.（1） What does

14、 the underlined word this in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Peoples love for bananas.B. The taste of bananas.C. The convenience of eating bananas.D. The future disappearance of bananas.What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?More countries will start to grow bananas.Bananas will grow better in

15、most countries.Bananas will not be able to grow any more.Bananas wont be as tasty as before.What does Paragraph 5 tell us?A. What diseases bananas may suffer from. B. How bananas are grown.C. How diseases can easily kill bananas. D. Which diseases can kill bananas.The passage is written to.A. offer

16、tips for growing bananasB. explain why bananas may die outC. show the difficulties of growing bananas D. describe bananas growing conditions【答案】(1) D(2 ) C(3 ) C(4 ) B【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。(1)推断题。根据前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050. 可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this代指香蕉消失，故选

17、Do(2) 细节题。根据 However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the worlds biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即 不能生长，故选a(3)细节题。根据 Diseases are another danger to bananas.

18、可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险， 即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选Co(4)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。3 .阅读理解Once there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale (夜莺) singing very beautifully.One day,

19、the emperor heard about this little birds beautiful voice. He asked his guards to bring her to him. When the emperor heard the nightingales voice, he said, Put her in a golden cage, so she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her.The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cag

20、e that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him. The bird could sing very beautifully too. The emperor was pleased.Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor wa

21、s ill and he became very weak. One morning, while lying in bed, the emperor wanted it to sing once again. But the robot bird could not sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better eac

22、h day.After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all his people cherished (爱戴) him for his love and kindness.Why did the little bird stop singing?A. Because she was ill.B. Because she was not free.C. Because she was hungry.D. Because she was too excited

23、.What made the emperor become better and better?A. The robots beautiful voice.B. His mens voice.C. The little birds nice dance.D. The little birds beautiful song.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A little nightingale lived in the emperors beautiful garden.The nightingale went

24、on singing songs for the emperor after she was kept in a cage.C. One day, the robot bird was broken and it couldnt sing.D. The emperor gave up listening to songs after he got sick.(4 ) What can we learn from the passage?If we keep a bird, we can enjoy the beautiful songs.Dont make a robot because it

25、 can get broken easily.A bird can help people get away from illness.If we are kind to someone, he or she will be also kind to us.【答案】(1) B(2 ) D(3 ) A(4 ) D【解析】【分析】主要讲了国王因为小夜莺动听的歌声把小鸟关在笼子里，结果小鸟难过 不再唱歌，国王让科学家做了一只机器小鸟，一天机器小鸟也不唱歌了，国王病了，原来 的小鸟唱了最动听的歌，国王变得越来越好了，并且变得对他的人民友好了。(1)细节题。根据 The little bird was

26、so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day.可知小鸟被关在笼子里不高兴，所以停止唱歌，故选 B。(2)细节题。根据 Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day. 可知 小鸟动听的歌曲让国王好起来，故选Do(3)细节题。根据 In

27、the garden, there was a little nightingale (夜莺) singing very beautifully.可知小夜莺住在花园里，故选 A。(4)细节题。根据全文可知国王在小夜莺的帮助下慢慢好起来，最终对人民友好，所以 我们可以学到如果我们对他人友好，他人也会对我们友好，故选 Do【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。4.阅读理解Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry(工业).In thepast, when most

28、 Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Usually, uncles and aunts lived nearby.But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requ

29、ires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot move from place to place as smaller families. So, at present people tend to have smaller families.In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to mo

30、ve even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other peoples children, leaving those families

31、free to move from job to job.Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?A. The development of science and industry in America.B. The influence of science and industry on American families.C. Harmful effect of industrialization.D. Social problems resulting from the highly-developed sci

32、ence and industry in America.What kinds of families are described in the passage?A. Families of the past and the present.B. Families of the present and the future.C. Families of the past and the future.D. Families of the past, the present and the future.What is one of the reasons that families are g

33、etting smaller in America?Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.People stop caring for children.The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.(4 ) What can you infer from the passage?

34、Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split (破裂)Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.Large families can hardly survive in modern society.Americans are very choosy about their jobs.【答案】(1) B(2 ) D(3 ) C(4 ) C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：由于工业的发展，家庭也受到了影响，原来的家庭孩子多， 而现在的家庭孩子少，由于工

35、业的发展家庭会总是搬动，有的家庭只有一个孩子或者没有 孩子。(1)细节理解题，根据 Great changes have taken place in family life because ofBoscience and industry（工业）.可知家庭受到了科学和工业发展的影响，故答案是(2)细节理解题，根据文章内容可知，短文涉及到了过去的家庭，现在的家庭和将来的 家庭，故答案是D。(3)细节理解题，根据 In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even

36、more often than now, so families will be even smaller.可知对于工人们能够随时搬动的需求，所以家庭变得原来越小，故答案是C。(4)逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，工人们可能会随时要搬家，大的家庭就没有这样 的便捷，所以大家庭就不适于生存在现代的社会，故答案是C【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中 寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，由已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。5.阅读理解Mail, games, music, news, chat rooms and shopping ! The Internet

37、 is part of the way we live today. Its easy to get onto the Internet. The only thing we need to do is use a modem which is used for connecting a computer to a telephone line. The Internet is changing and growing all the time. More and more people have computers and use the Internet. Using the Intern

38、et means surfing the World Wide Web (Thats the www you always hear about. ) .The Web has large numbers of websites in it. They are the places you go to get information and do things.Where do these websites come from ? They are made by web designers. What happens when you click on a word or a picture

39、 ? You are sent to another page. Its all because of the web designer. Web designers do a lot of work by using a computer programming (程序编辑) language.Is Web design all about computer programming? No. Its about making something new. Web designers must imagine a lot when they are making a website. It m

40、ust look good and be fun to use. A big part of Web design is art. They choose the best pictures and colours to make the website look good. They also write the things that you see on the website. An important part of their job is to share ideas with the website manager about how to design the website

41、 well.This passage is mainly about.A. computer programming languagesB. the Web designers workC. the website managers workD. the way to get onto the InternetMore and more people are using the Internet because its A. easy and usefulB. beautiful and funnyC. colourful and hopefulD. changing and colourfu

42、lIts possible for us to change websites by just a click because of .A. the modems helpB. the telephone lines helpC. the Web designers workD. the website managers workWhich of the following is WRONG ?A. Www means World Wide Web.B. There are a few websites on the web.C. The Internet has changed people

43、s lives.D. We can do things like shopping on the Internet.【答案】(1) BACB【解析】【分析】本文介绍了互联网是我们今天生活方式的一部分，网页设计的工作的重 要性。(1)主旨题。根据本文介绍了互联网是我们今天生活方式的一部分，网页设计的工作的 重要性可知文章主要讲网页设计师的工作，故选Bo(2)细节题。根据Its easy to get onto the Internet 可知越来越多的人在使用互联网，因为 它简单有用，故选Ao(3) 推理题。根据 They are made by web designers. What happe

44、ns when you click on a word or a picture You are sent to another page 它们是由网页设计师制作的。当你点击 一个单词或图片会发生什么？您将被发送到另一页可知，因为 网页设计师的工作我们只需点击一下就可以改变网站，故选Co(4)细节题。根据 The Web has large numbers of websites in it网络中有大量的网站可知网上有几个网站是错误的，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找 答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大

45、意之后 找出中心思想。6.阅读理解For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called latchkey children. Theyre ch

46、ildren who look after themselves while their parents are working. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school. She said, We had a school rule against wearing jewellery. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fa

47、stened. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant, Slowly, she learned they were house keys.She and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact (影响)working couples and single

48、 parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggestproblem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears i

49、s by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed, or in a closet. The second is TV. Theyll often play it at high volume. Its hard to get statistics (统计数据)on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents areslow to admit they leave their children alone.The main idea about latchkey childre

50、n is that they.A. are growing in numbersB. suffer problems from being left aloneC. watch too much TV during the day D. are also found in middle class neighbourhoodsWhich sentence in the second paragraph is the topic sentence?We had a school rule against wearing jewellery.A lot of kids had chains aro

51、und their necks with keys fastened.Slowly, she learned they were house keys.I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.he main feeling these children have when they are at home by themselves isA. tirednessB. freedomC. lonelinessD. fearThe Longs study was mainly on.lonely children

52、who have single parentschildren whose parents are working or who have one parent onlychildren who have the problem of fearparents who are working far from their homes We may draw a conclusion (结论) that.its difficult to find out how many latchkey children there arelatchkey children try to hide their

53、feelingslatchkey children often watch TV with their parentslatchkey children enjoy having such a large amount of time alone【答案】(1) BC(3) D(4 ) B(5 ) A【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国一些 钥匙儿童”的生活情况这一社会问题。(1)推理题。根据 their bad condition has become a subject of concern 他们的糟糕状况已经 成为人们关注的话题可知，关于钥匙儿童的主要观点是他们独自一人会有问题，故选 B。(2)

54、主旨题。根据 Slowly, she learned they were house keys可知，慢慢地，她了解到它们 TOC o 1-5 h z 是房子的钥匙是第二段的主题句子，故选Co细节题。根据 Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone 可知， 这些 孩子独自在家时的主要感觉是害怕，故选Do(4)细节题。根据 They learned of the impact (影响) working couples and single parents were having on their children可知，主要

55、研究父母在工作或只有一个父母的孩子，故选B。(5)推理题。根据 Its hard to get statistics (统计数据)on latchkey children 可知，结论是很难查出有多少挂钥匙的孩子，故选 Ao【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答 案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找 出中心思想。7 .阅读理解Bob was only seven years old. One night Bob was at home alone while his parents were out for a p

56、arty. He had often stayed alone before, so he wasnt afraid. As he waited for his parents to return home, he watched a film on TV. His eyes became heavier and heavier as time passed by.Suddenly Bobs eyes opened wide- what was the sound in the next room? Bob heard the window being opened slowly. For a

57、 minute, Bob was so frightened that he could not move, and his body felt like ice. He knew that he couldnt lose his head and began to think of the things he could do.Again he heard the sound of someone trying to climb into his home through the window.Bobs drums were standing in the corner near the T

58、V. Wait, maybe there is something I can do, thought Bob. He beat his drums as hard as he could. The sound was so terrible that Bob surprised even himself. He also surprised the man in the window, who ran away as fast as possible. How clever he was!What did Bob do when he waited for his parents?A. He

59、 played the drums. B. He watched TV. C. He fell asleep. D. He did nothing. (2) The person who wanted to come into the room might be.A. a friendB. a strangerC. an animalD. a thief贼)What does the underlined phrase lose his head mean in Chinese?A.冷静iB.生气C.惊慌失措hD.喜出望外What did Bob do to make the man run

60、away?He turned up the TV.He called the police.He beat his drums.He asked his parents for help. (5) What do you think of Bob?A. Foolish.B. Lovely.C. Funny.D. Clever.【答案】(1) B D (3) C (4 ) C(5 ) D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了 Bob用敲鼓的方式吓跑了小偷的故事。细节题。根据 As he waited for his parents to return home, he watched a film on T